公开(公告)号：GB723639A

公开(公告)日：1955-02-09

申请号：GB3298752

申请日：1952-12-30

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

IPC: A01B33/02 ,  B01J8/02 ,  C07C1/02 ,  C07C29/152 ,  C07C29/156 ,  C07C209/60 ,  C08G69/26 ,  C10G71/00 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/238

Abstract: An oil-soluble polyamide is made by reacting one or more dibasic acids or anhydrides containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms with a diamine formed by interaction of ethylenimine with one or more aliphatic primary amines containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms. The reaction is effected, for example, at 80 DEG to 200 DEG C. for 5 to 15 hours, and may be carried out in the presence of solvents such as o-dichlorobenzene, benzene, naphtha, toluene and xylene. Acids specified are succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic and sebacic. In examples (1) the reaction product of ethylenimine and a mixture of C8 to C10 primary amines was reacted with a mixture of succinic, adipic and sebacic acids; instead of the mixed amines and acids of (1) there were used respectively (2, 3) hexadecylamine and sebacic acid; (4) tetradecylamine and succinic acid; (5) hexadecylamine and adipic acid; (6) octadecylamine and sebacic acid; and (7) a mixture of C14 to C18 amines and C4 to C10 dibasic acids. The polyamides are blended in lubricating oils in amounts from 0.005 per cent to 5 per cent by weight of the total composition.ALSO:A lubricant comprises a mineral lubricating oil and as pour point depressant from 0.005 per cent to 5 per cent by weight of an oil-soluble polyamide having the general formula wherein R is an alkyl group of 8 to 18 carbon atoms, x is a number from 2 to 8, and y is an integer between 2 and 40 (see Group IV (a)).

公开(公告)号：GB723478A

公开(公告)日：1955-02-09

申请号：GB2396552

申请日：1952-09-24

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： SIMS EDWIN JOHN

IPC: C10L5/22

Abstract: 723,478. Briquetting coal fines. STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT CO. Aug. 6, 1953, [Sept. 24, 1952.] No. 23965/52. Class 50. [Also in Group XXIX] Freely falling coal fines are sprayed with a mist of liquefied, normally solid or semi-solid, binder atomized in a carrier gas by means of a sprayer as shown in Fig. 1, and the coal fines so contacted are formed into briquettes. Liquefied bitumen passing through a tube 1 is atomized by heated air or steam whirled by helical vanes 4 during its passage through an outer tube 2. The mixture is emitted from a nozzle 5 which is longitudinally adjustable on the outer tube, and the latter may be fed with the air or steam through a tangential inlet pipe 7. Specification 634,590 is referred to.

公开(公告)号：CA509773A

公开(公告)日：1955-02-01

申请号：CA509773D

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： SPROULE LORNE W ,  KING LAURENCE F

公开(公告)号：GB722729A

公开(公告)日：1955-01-26

申请号：GB600452

申请日：1952-03-07

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

IPC: C10G31/08 ,  C10G33/02 ,  C10G33/06

Abstract: Oil- and water-insoluble contaminants are removed from hydrocarbon oils, particularly hydrocarbon oils to be used as feed stocks for catalytic cracking processes, by intimately mixing the hydrocarbon oil with water to form an initial emulsion of the oil with the water, forming from this initial emulsion a minor unbroken emulsion phase and a major free oil phase, and separating this unbroken emulsion phase as a whole from the free oil phase. The contaminants which may be iron, its oxides and sulphides, other metal compounds, carbon, siliceous materials and heavy hydrocarbonaceous materials such as pitches and asphalts, become concentrated in the minor unbroken emulsion phase, which may be treated, for example by processes involving filtration or distillation, to obtain uncontaminated oil therefrom. Alternatively, this minor unbroken emulsion phase may be broken, for example by long time gravity settling, treatment with caustic alkali or other chemical emulsifiers, or by electrical precipitation, and the contaminated oil obtained may be distilled or it may be recycled by mixing with the hydrocarbon feed oil from which the initial emulsion is formed. The hydrocarbon oil to be purified may be a gas oil, a lubricating oil, a cutting oil or an oil for oil burners. In preparing the initial emulsion, the oil and water may be intimately mixed at elevated temperature and pressure in a mixing valve to produce a water-in-oil emulsion. The initial emulsion may be converted into a minor unbroken emulsion phase and a major free oil phase by gravity settling, but the conversion may be facilitated by the addition of emulsion breaking agents such as petroleum sulphonates, or by filtering, centrifuging or applying electrical precipitation. Suitable conditions under which the purified oil may be catalytically cracked are described. The process of Specification 680,244, for breaking an emulsion, is disclaimed.

公开(公告)号：GB722634A

公开(公告)日：1955-01-26

申请号：GB2435452

申请日：1952-09-29

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Abstract: The invention comprises dibasic acid esters of the formula in which n is a number from 2 to 8, R is a straight chain alkyl radical containing from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and R1 is a branched chain alkyl radical, preferably the hydrocarbon radical of an Oxo alcohol, containing from 4 to 13 carbon atoms. Suitable dibasic acids for the formation of these esters are succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic and sebacic acids or mixtures thereof. The straight chain alcohol (ROH) may be lauryl, n-decyl, n-nonyl, n-heptyl, and the like. These esters are prepared by standard methods. The properties of the esters of adipic acid in which (a) R is n-hexyl and R1 is the hydrocarbon radical of a C8 Oxo alcohol and (b) R is n-butyl and R1 is the hydrocarbon radical of a C10 Oxo alcohol are described.ALSO:Synthetic lubricating compositions comprise a dibasic acid ester of the formula in which n is a number from 2 to 8, R is a straight chain alkyl radical containing from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and R1 is a branched chain alkyl radical, preferably the hydrocarbon radical of an oxo radical, containing from 4 to 13 carbon atoms. These esters may be used directly as lubricants or may be blended with other lubricants such as mineral oils or other synthetic lubricants. Improvers such as viscosity index improvers, pour point depressors, oxidation inhibitors, detergents, corrosion resisting and rust preventive agents, may also be added. The esters of adipic acid in which (a) R is n-hexyl and R1 is the hydrocarbon radical of a C8 oxo-alcohol and (b) R is n-butyl and R1 is the hydrocarbon radical of a C10 oxo alcohol are described.

公开(公告)号：GB722262A

公开(公告)日：1955-01-19

申请号：GB2293551

申请日：1951-10-02

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： FELL WILLIAM KING ,  BETTS RAYMOND LIVINGSTON ,  SWEETSER SUMNER BURLINGAME ,  MACLAREN DONALD DANLEY ,  LESLIE JOHN DUNCAN

IPC: C07C2/18

Abstract: Normally gaseous olefins are polymerized at elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of a finely-divided solid catalyst comprising phosphoric acid deposited on a non-carbonaceous carrier, together with a divided solid adsorbent diluent for the catalyst. Said diluent is preferably impregnated with phosphoric acid, the amount of acid in the diluent, expressed as a percentage by weight thereof based on diluent+acid being at least 20 per cent less than the amount of acid in the catalyst expressed as a percentage by weight based on carrier+acid. The adsorbent diluent may be silica gel, bauxite, activated alumina, carbon or activated carbon. Silica gel is preferably de-activated before use to reduce the surface area to from 50-300 sq. m. per g., e.g. by heating at 1800 DEG F. for 3/4 -2 hours. Carbon should have a density near that of the catalyst. It may be treated with phosphoric acid solution, dried, and heated at 400-500 DEG F. The amount of diluent is generally 5-50 per cent by weight of the catalyst, i.e. phosphoric acid+carrier. The carrier is preferably siliceous, e.g. kieselguhr, silica gel, and aluminium silicates; and the phosphoric acid usually comprises 50-90 per cent of the combined weight. Promoters such as metal salts may be present. The catalyst is used in powder form, generally 20-200 mesh, and fluidized in the feed or formed into a slurry with the feed or a heavy oil, Reaction conditions may be 300-650 DEG F.. 500-1500 p.s.i.g. or above, and 0.5-15 vols. liquid feed/vol./hr. Pressure above the critical to give a single fluid phase is preferred. Water may be injected. In examples: (1) the ease of fluidization is compared using C3 and C3+C4 feeds, the catalyst being 80 per cent phosphoric acid on 20 per cent kieselguhr, alone or mixed with silica gel equal to 50 or 15 per cent of the total or sand equal to 35 per cent; (2) catalyst agglomeration is compared in a series of slurry operations in a stirred autoclave using the catalyst of (1) alone or with 20 per cent silica gel; (3) the effects of adding to the p same catalyst, silica gel, alone or containing 7.6 or 39 per cent free acid, in a fluidized operation, are compared; (4) propylene is polymerized, using a suspended catalyst alone or with 20 per cent of activated carbon or activated carbon impregnated with 20 per cent phosphoric acid; (5) the effect of adding silica gels of different surface areas to the same catalyst used for polymerizing a C4 feed is illustrated, those of intermediate values giving optimum results.ALSO:A finely-divided solid catalyst for olefin polymerization comprises phosphoric acid deposited on a non-carbonaceous carrier, together with a finely-divided solid adsorbent diluent for the catalyst. Said diluent is preferably impregnated with phosphoric acid, the amount of acid in the diluent expressed as a percentage by weight thereof based on diluent + acid being at least 20 less than the amount of acid in the catalyst expressed as a percentage by weight based on carrier + acid. The adsorbent diluent may be silica gel, bauxite, activated alumina, carbon or activated carbon. Silica gel is preferably de-activated before use to reduce the surface area to from 50-300 sq. m.p.g., e.g. by heating at 1,800 DEG F. for three-quarters to two hours. Carbon should have a density near that of the catalyst. It may be treated with phosphoric acid solution, dried, and heated at 400-500 DEG F. The amount of diluent is generally 5-50 per cent. by weight of the catalyst, i.e. phosphoric acid + carrier. The carrier is preferably siliceous, e.g. kieselguhr, silica gel, and aluminium silicates, and the phosphoric acid usually comprises 50-90 per cent. of the combined weight. Promoters such as metal salts may be present. The catalyst is used in powder form, generally 20-200 mesh, and fluidized in the feed or formed into a slurry with the feed or a heavy oil. Pressure above the critical to give a single fluid phase is preferred. Water may be injected. In Examples: (1) The ease of fluidization is compared using C3 and C3 + C4, the catalyst being 80 per cent. phosphoric acid on 20 per cent. kieselguhr, alone or mixed with silica gel equal to 50 or 15 per cent. of the total or sand equal to 35 per cent.; (2) catalyst agglomeration is compared in a series of slurry operations in a stirred autoclave using the catalyst of (1) alone or with 20 per cent. silica gel; (3) the effects of adding to the same catalyst, silica gel, alone or containing 7.6 or 39 per cent. free acid, in a fluidized operation, are compared; (4) propylene is polymerized using a suspended catalyst alone or with 20 per cent. of activated carbon or activated carbon impregnated with 20 per cent. phosphoric acid; (5) the effect of adding silica gels of different surface areas to the same catalyst used for polymerizing a C4 feed is illustrated, those of intermediate values giving optimum results.

公开(公告)号：CA509318A

公开(公告)日：1955-01-18

申请号：CA509318D

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： BOUCHER FRANK G

公开(公告)号：GB721594A

公开(公告)日：1955-01-12

申请号：GB976951

申请日：1951-04-26

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： POTT ANTHONY FRED DORAN ,  MCLEAN DONALD HENRY ,  DAVIES ROY TREVOR

IPC: C10M173/02

Abstract: In the manufacture of hydraulic fluids comprising water (or a mixture of water and an alcohol or a glycol) thickened with a non-ionic detergent (see Group XXIX), the solubility of the detergent is increased by adding a minor proportion of an anionic or a cationic detergent. Non-ionic detergents referred to are ethers of C4-C110 alkylated or dialkylated phenols, e.g. octylated cresol, with polyhydric alcohols or polymeric glycols such as polyethylene glycol; diethylene glycol mono-oleate; glyceryl mono-oleate; polyoxyalkylene derivatives of fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols; esterified polyoxyalkylene derivatives of urea; and condensation products of alkyl phenols with ethylene oxide. Cationic detergents specified are the quaternary ammonium halides such as mono (C10-C20 alkyl) tri (C1-C5 alkyl) ammonium halides, e.g. cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; and C10-C20 alkyl pyridinium halides, e.g. cetyl pyridinium bromide. Anionic detergents mentioned are the water-soluble alkali metal salts of sulphonated vegetable oils, e.g. Turkey red oil, or sulphonated alkyl aromatic compounds, e.g. the sodium salt of sulphonated C12 polypropylene benzene or toluene. Alcohols or glycols specified are isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycerol and polyglycols.

公开(公告)号：FR1083729A

公开(公告)日：1955-01-12

申请号：FR1083729D

申请日：1953-07-10

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

IPC: C10G35/14

公开(公告)号：GB721313A

公开(公告)日：1955-01-05

申请号：GB1129852

申请日：1952-05-05

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： LOWENSTEIN-LOM WALTER GERALD

IPC: A01N25/30 ,  C09K23/00

Abstract: An emulsifiable oil composition comprises a kerosine and a minor proportion of a phosphosulphurized hydrocarbon. Hydrocarbons specified are mineral oil fractions such as bright stock, lubricating oil, petroleum or paraffin wax; an olefin, olefin polymer, diolefin, aromatic or alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon or a terpene, such as dipentene or alpha pinene. The hydrocarbons may be phospho-sulphurized by reacting with a phosphous sulphide such as P2S3, P2S5, P4S3 and P4S7, or with a mixture of sulphur and phosphorus. Conventional emulsifying agents may also be added to the composition; oil-soluble metal petroleum sulphonates and naphthenates are referred to. In the example, an emulsion is prepared from 54.5 per cent kerosene, 0.5 per cent P2S5-treated bright stock and 45 per cent water. The Provisional Specification refers also to compositions of a petroleum fraction such as petroleum naphtha or mineral lubricating oil and a minor proportion of a phospho-sulphurized organic compound.ALSO:A pesticidal composition comprises a kerosene and a minor portion of a phospho-sulphurised hydrocarbon. Hydrocarbons specified are mineral oil fractions such as bright stock, lubricating oil, petrolatum or paraffin wax; an olefin, olefin polymer, diolefin, aromatic or alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon or a terpene, such as dipentene or alpha pinene. The hydrocarbons may be phospho-sulphurised by reacting with a phosphorus sulphide such as P2 S3, P2 S5, P4S3 and P4S7, or with a mixture of sulphur and phosphorus. Conventional emulsifying agents may also be added to the composition; oil-soluble metal petroleum sulphonates and naphthenates are referred to. In the example, an emulsion is prepared from 54.5 per cent. kerosine, 0.5 per cent. P2 S5 - treated bright stock, and 45 per cent. water. The Provisional Specification refers also to compositions of a petroleum fraction such as petroleum naphtha or mineral lubricating oil and a minor proportion of a phospho-sulphurised organic compound. The emulsions may be used as carriers for agricultural sprays, disinfectants, insecticides, fungicides and herbicides.