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    Methods for the preparation of porous fibers and membranes
    82.
    发明授权
    Methods for the preparation of porous fibers and membranes 失效
    多孔纤维和膜的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4564488A

    公开(公告)日：1986-01-14

    申请号：US456758

    申请日：1983-01-10

    Applicant: Klaus Gerlach ,  Erich Kessler

    Inventor： Klaus Gerlach ,  Erich Kessler

    IPC: B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B29C67/20 ,  C08J9/28 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01D5/247 ,  B29C47/00 ,  C08J9/26

    CPC classification number: B01D71/26 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D69/087 ,  B29C67/205 ,  C08J9/28 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01D5/247 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2201/0546

    Abstract: The invention concerns porous fibers and membranes, methods for their preparation and for their use. The fibers are characterized by a smooth porous surface and an apparent density of between about 10 and 90% of the true density of the polymeric starting material employed. The process involves the formation of a homogeneous mixture of at least two components, one of which is a meltable polymer and another liquid inert with respect to the polymer. The mixture formed must be of a binary type, in which there is a temperature range of complete miscibility and a range in which there is a miscibility gap. The mixture is extruded at a temperature above the separation temperature into a bath containing at least some of the inert liquid which is at a temperature below the separation temperature. Upon introduction of the mixture into the bath, the fiber structure of the product is fixed.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及多孔纤维和膜，其制备方法和用途。 纤维的特征在于光滑的多孔表面和表观密度为所用聚合物原料的真实密度的约10至90％。 该方法包括形成至少两种组分的均匀混合物，其中一种是可熔融聚合物，另一种是相对于聚合物惰性的液体。 形成的混合物必须是二元型，其中存在完全混溶性的温度范围和存在混合间隙的范围。 将混合物在高于分离温度的温度下挤出至含有至少一些惰性液体的浴中，该惰性液体的温度低于分离温度。 当将混合物引入浴中时，产品的纤维结构是固定的。

    Preparation of asymmetric polymer membranes
    83.
    发明授权
    Preparation of asymmetric polymer membranes 失效
    不对称聚合物膜的制备

    公开(公告)号：US3709774A

    公开(公告)日：1973-01-09

    申请号：US3709774D

    申请日：1970-05-13

    Applicant: GEN ELECTRIC

    Inventor： KIMURA S

    IPC: B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D71/52 ,  C08J9/28 ,  B32B5/18

    CPC classification number: C08J9/28 ,  B01D67/0011 ,  B01D67/0013 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D71/52 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2201/0546 ,  Y10S264/14 ,  Y10T428/249961 ,  Y10T428/249979 ,  Y10T428/249989 ,  Y10T428/268

    Abstract: A METHOD IF DISCLOSED FOR THE PREPARATION (BY THE UTILIZATION OF A PROPER SOLVENT SYSTEM) OF DRY ASYMMETRIC MEMBERANES COMPRISING A POROUS LAYER OF INTERCONNECTED CRYSTALS OF POLYMER MATERIAL. MEMBRANES OF MANY POLYMER MATERIALS MAY BE OPTIONALLY PREPARED EITHER WITH OR WITHOUT A DENSE SURFACE LAYER AS ONE FACE THEREOF. IN EITHER CASE THE POROUS LAYER IS STRUCTURED WITH GRADED POROSITY. A THREE-COMPONENT CASTING SOLUTION SOLUTION IS PREPARED CONTAINING THE POLYMER, A FIRST GOOD VOLATILE SOLVENT FOR THE POLYMER AND (RELATIVE TO THE FIRST SOLVENT) A POOR LESS-VOLATILE SOLVENT FOR THE POLYMER, WHICH IS MISCIBLE WITH THE GOOD SOLVENT. A MEMBRANE IS CAST, ALLOWED TO DESOLVATE FOR A SHOT TIME AND IS THEN IMMERSED IN A LEACHING AGENT, THAT IT MISCIBLE WITH BOTH THE AFOREMENTIONED SOLVENTS BUT IS A NON-SOLVENT FOR THE POLYMER. THE MEMBRANE IS THEN PERMITTED TO DRY.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于制备干燥不对称膜（通过使用合适的溶剂体系）的方法，其包括聚合物材料的互连晶体的多孔层。 许多聚合物材料的膜可以任选地制备为具有或不具有致密表面层作为其一个面。 在任一种情况下，多孔层均具有渐变孔隙度。 制备含有聚合物的三组分流延溶液，用于聚合物的第一良好的挥发性溶剂和（相对于第一溶剂）聚合物的不良挥发性较差的溶剂，其与良溶剂可混溶。 将膜浇铸，允许脱溶剂短时间，然后浸入浸出剂中，其与上述溶剂可混溶，但是是聚合物的非溶剂。 然后允许膜干燥。

    Method of Aerogel Synthesis
    87.
    发明申请
    Method of Aerogel Synthesis 有权
    气凝胶合成方法

    公开(公告)号：US20160075847A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-03-17

    申请号：US14950522

    申请日：2015-11-24

    Applicant: NeXolve Corporation

    Inventor： David L. Rodman ,  Garrett D. Poe ,  Brandon S. Farmer ,  Joseph C. Smith

    IPC: C08J9/28

    CPC classification number: C08J9/286 ,  C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/0482 ,  C08J2201/0502 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2205/026 ,  C08J2379/08

    Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for producing an aerogel, the method comprising reacting at least one acid monomer with at least one diamino monomer in a first solvent under conditions appropriate to form a polyimide polymer; conducting a solvent exchange wherein the first solvent is exchanged for a second solvent, said second solvent having a freezing point, wherein said solvent exchange further comprises (1) submersing the polyimide polymer in the second solvent in a pressure vessel and (2) creating a high pressure environment inside the pressure vessel for a first period of time; cooling the polyimide polymer to a first temperature below the freezing point of the second solvent; and subjecting cooled polyimide polymer to a first vacuum for a second period of time at a second temperature.

    Abstract translation: 本公开提供了一种制备气凝胶的方法，该方法包括使至少一种酸单体与至少一种二氨基单体在第一溶剂中在适于形成聚酰亚胺聚合物的条件下反应; 进行溶剂交换，其中第一溶剂被更换为第二溶剂，所述第二溶剂具有凝固点，其中所述溶剂交换还包括（1）将聚酰亚胺聚合物浸入第二溶剂中的压力容器中，和（2） 压力容器内的高压环境第一个时间段; 将聚酰亚胺聚合物冷却至低于第二溶剂凝固点的第一温度; 并在第二温度下将冷却的聚酰亚胺聚合物经受第一个真空第二个时间段。

    POROUS POLYMER COMPOSITES
    88.
    发明申请
    POROUS POLYMER COMPOSITES 审中-公开
    多孔聚合物复合材料

    公开(公告)号：US20160030625A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-02-04

    申请号：US14445089

    申请日：2014-07-29

    Applicant: U.S. Army Research Laboratory ATTN: RDRL-LOC-I

    Inventor： Randy A. Mrozek ,  Joseph L. Lenhart ,  Michael C. Berg ,  Eric J. Robinette

    IPC: A61L24/00 ,  C08J9/26 ,  C08J9/28

    CPC classification number: A61L24/0036 ,  A61L24/0015 ,  A61L2300/418 ,  A61L2400/04 ,  A61L2400/08 ,  C08J9/26 ,  C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2207/10 ,  C08J2207/12 ,  C08J2353/02

    Abstract: Porous polymer composites and methods of preparing porous polymer composites are provided herein. In some embodiments, a method for preparing porous polymer composites may include mixing a first polymer with a solvent and a particulate filler to form a first polymer composition, wherein the amount of particulate filler in the first polymer composition is below a mechanical percolation threshold; and removing the solvent from the first polymer composition to concentrate the first polymer and particulate filler into a second polymer composition having a porous structure, wherein the particulate filler concentration in the second polymer composition is increased above the mechanical percolation threshold during solvent removal.

    Abstract translation: 多孔聚合物复合材料和多孔聚合物复合材料的制备方法。 在一些实施方案中，制备多孔聚合物复合材料的方法可包括将第一聚合物与溶剂和颗粒填料混合以形成第一聚合物组合物，其中第一聚合物组合物中颗粒填料的量低于机械渗滤阈值; 以及从所述第一聚合物组合物中除去溶剂以将所述第一聚合物和颗粒填料浓缩成具有多孔结构的第二聚合物组合物，其中在除去溶剂期间所述第二聚合物组合物中的颗粒填料浓度高于机械渗透阈值。

    Porous gelatin material, gelatin structures, methods for preparation of the same and uses thereof
    90.
    发明授权
    Porous gelatin material, gelatin structures, methods for preparation of the same and uses thereof 有权
    多孔明胶材料，明胶结构，其制备方法及其用途

    公开(公告)号：US08241652B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-08-14

    申请号：US12134941

    申请日：2008-06-06

    Applicant: Kjell Nilsson

    Inventor： Kjell Nilsson

    IPC: A61K9/00 ,  C12N5/00

    CPC classification number: C08J9/30 ,  A61L27/222 ,  A61L27/24 ,  A61L27/56 ,  A61L27/60 ,  C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2201/0546 ,  C08J2389/00

    Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous gelatin material in the form of spherical particles with a continuous pore structure and cast, three-dimensional, porous gelatin structures. The invention also comprises methods for preparation of the porous gelatin materials and structures. The method for preparing the porous gelatin material in the form of spheres with a continuous pore structure comprises the steps of preparing a homogenous water-based gelatin solution, adding an emulsifier with an HLB value >9, adding a first composition comprising an organic solvent and an emulsifier with an HLB value >9, adding a second composition comprising an organic solvent and an emulsifier with an HLB value

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及具有连续孔结构的球形颗粒形式的多孔明胶材料和铸造的三维多孔明胶结构。 本发明还包括制备多孔明胶材料和结构的方法。 制备具有连续孔结构的球形多孔明胶材料的方法包括以下步骤：制备均匀的水基明胶溶液，加入HLB值> 9的乳化剂，加入包含有机溶剂的第一组合物和 HLB值> 9的乳化剂，加入包含HLB值<8的有机溶剂和乳化剂的第二组合物，并使明胶材料固化。 还包括根据本发明的材料的用途。

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