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公开(公告)号：US20020144553A1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-10
申请号：US10064188
申请日：2002-06-20
Inventor： David B. Board
IPC: G01N029/00
CPC classification number: G01N29/42 , G01H1/003 , G01L1/255 , G01N29/045 , G01N29/12 , G01N29/227 , G01N29/36 , G01N2291/014 , G01N2291/015 , G01N2291/02827 , G01N2291/269
Abstract: A sensor is disclosed specifically for detecting stress waves for use in a stress wave analysis system. The stress waves are preferably detected in a narrow frequency range of 35-40 KHz. At this range, stress waves from friction and impact sources typically propagate through machine structures at detectable amplitudes. In order to maximize the signal to noise ratio of stress waves, relative to background noise and vibration, the sensor of the present invention is designed and calibrated with a frequency response and damping features that are specifically tailored for stress wave analysis. The sensor preferably satisfies the following three criteria: (a) has a resonant gain of approximately 30 db, at its primary resonant frequency, to assure adequate selective amplification of stress waves; (b) provide a total energy content of the Resonant Energy Integral within a specified tolerance band and which can be measurable using standard test equipment and fixtures to produce calibration data that is traceable to recognized standards; and (c) have its resonant peak amplitude output decay to half amplitude by five cycles, and be down to no more than twenty percent of the initial response in the number of cycles that occur during the time period that corresponds to the corner frequency of a low pass filter.
Abstract translation: 专门用于检测应力波分析系统中使用的应力波的传感器。 应力波优选在35-40KHz的窄频范围内检测。 在这个范围内，来自摩擦和冲击源的应力波通常以可检测的振幅传播通过机械结构。 为了使应力波的相对于背景噪声和振动的信噪比最大化，本发明的传感器被设计和校准，其具有针对应力波分析专门定制的频率响应和阻尼特征。 传感器优选满足以下三个标准：（a）在其初级共振频率下具有约30db的谐振增益，以确保应力波的充分选择性放大; （b）在规定的公差范围内提供共振能量积分的总能量含量，并使用标准测试设备和夹具产生可追溯到公认标准的校准数据; 和（c）其谐振峰值振幅输出衰减到五个周期的一半幅度，并且在对应于对应于a的拐角频率的时间段期间发生的周期数中，下降到不超过初始响应的百分之二十 低通滤波器。
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公开(公告)号：US20020104382A1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-08
申请号：US09971747
申请日：2001-10-05
Inventor： Edwin Liebemann , Dietmar Arndt
IPC: G01N029/04
CPC classification number: G01L1/165 , G01L1/255 , G01N2291/02827
Abstract: A force sensor having a substrate, on which a first path and a second path for acoustic surface waves are arranged. The two paths are arranged essentially parallel to one another and their lengths are different.
Abstract translation: 具有基板的力传感器，其上布置有用于声表面波的第一路径和第二路径。 两个路径基本上彼此平行地布置，并且它们的长度是不同的。
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公开(公告)号：US5237516A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-17
申请号：US720153
申请日：1991-06-19
Applicant: Joseph S. Heyman
Inventor： Joseph S. Heyman
CPC classification number: G01L5/24 , G01L1/255 , G01N2291/02827
Abstract: A method of recertifying a load on a bearing member using a pulsed phase locked loop (P2L2) system. A first tone burst signal with a corresponding first phase signal is generated in the bearing member in a first load condition. The sample/hold of the P2L2 is adjusted to a determined phase point on the first phase signal and then the P2L2 is locked at this phase period to determine a first load measurement. Next, the phase sample point is correlated with a corresponding position w on the first tone burst signal. A second tone burst with a corresponding second phase signal is then generated at some later time in the bearing member in a second load condition. The sample/hold is adjusted to the same sample/hold phase point as before and then the output frequency of the P2L2 is adjusted until the sample/hold is positioned at the previously determined phase point corresponding to position w on the second tone burst signal. The P2L2 is then locked at this phase point to determine a frequency indicative of the load of the second loading condition.
Abstract translation: 使用脉冲锁相环（P2L2）系统重新承载轴承部件上的载荷的方法。 在第一负载状态下，在轴承部件中产生具有对应的第一相位信号的第一音调脉冲串信号。 将P2L2的采样/保持调整到第一相位信号上的确定的相位点，然后在该相位周期将P2L2锁定以确定第一负载测量。 接下来，相位采样点与第一音调信号上的对应位置w相关。 然后在第二负载条件下在轴承构件中稍后生成具有对应的第二相位信号的第二音调脉冲串。 将采样/保持调整到与之前相同的采样/保持相位点，然后调整P2L2的输出频率，直到采样/保持位于与第二个单音信号上的位置w相对应的先前确定的相位点。 然后将P2L2锁定在该相位点以确定指示第二加载条件的负载的频率。
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公开(公告)号：US5172591A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-22
申请号：US569305
申请日：1990-08-20
Applicant: W. Mark Bohon
Inventor： W. Mark Bohon
CPC classification number: G01N29/07 , E21B43/127 , E21B47/0006 , G01L1/255 , G01L5/0061 , G01N2291/02827
Abstract: A load measuring system comprising an acoustic transmitting transducer for injecting an acoustic signal into a load bearing portion of a sucker rod, and receiving transducer for detecting the signal after it passes through a known length of a sucker rod, and a time delay detector for determining the travel time and in turn, the velocity of the acoustic signal. The acoustic velocity is measured in an unloaded portion of the sucket rod to provide a zero load reference. Measurements are then taken in the loaded portion of the rod and used to indicate dynamic load on the sucker rod string.
Abstract translation: 一种负载测量系统，包括用于将声信号注入到抽油杆的承载部分中的声发射换能器，以及接收用于在通过已知长度的抽油杆之后检测信号的换能器;以及时间延迟检测器，用于确定 行程时间又是声信号的速度。 声速测量在空载杆的无负载部分以提供零载荷基准。 然后在杆的装载部分中进行测量，并用于指示抽油杆杆上的动态载荷。
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公开(公告)号：US4704909A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-10
申请号：US757360
申请日：1985-07-22
Applicant: Allen R. Grahn , Lynn Astle
Inventor： Allen R. Grahn , Lynn Astle
Abstract: An apparatus and process for detecting and quantifying force-torque components applied to a loadable means. The apparatus includes a plurality of signal-transmission means, a plurality of signal-reflection means, a plurality of signal-detection means and a deformable means which is deformable in response to the application of force-torque components to the loadable means. Application of a force-torque component to the loadable means results in the alteration of the distance traveled by a signal from signal-transmission means to signal detection means. The apparatus further includes a means for utilizing the detected signals to determine force-torque components.
Abstract translation: 一种用于检测和量化施加到可装载装置的力 - 转矩分量的装置和方法。 该装置包括多个信号传输装置，多个信号反射装置，多个信号检测装置和可变形装置，可变形装置响应于向可装载装置施加力 - 转矩分量而变形。 将力 - 力矩分量应用于可装载装置导致信号从信号传输装置到信号检测装置所行进的距离的改变。 该装置还包括用于利用检测到的信号来确定力 - 转矩分量的装置。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4408160A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-04
申请号：US252246
申请日：1981-04-08
Applicant: James D. King , Gary L. Burkhardt , John R. Barton , George A. Matzkanin
Inventor： James D. King , Gary L. Burkhardt , John R. Barton , George A. Matzkanin
CPC classification number: G01L1/255 , G01B7/24 , G01L1/125 , G01N2291/02827 , Y10S73/02
Abstract: This disclosure is directed to an acoustic Barkhausen stress detector apparatus and a method of obtaining measurements of stress in or determination of the microstructure of ferromagnetic materials. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, stress or microstructure information in a ferromagnetic specimen is tested and measured through application of a variable magnetic field. A sensitive acoustic detecting device including an input transducer(s) and amplifier(s) forms a signal based on Barkhausen acoustic phenomena which arise from a change in the magnetic field strength. Barkhausen acoustic information is in the form of vibrations produced within the material which occur as magnetic domain walls shift. The domain wall shifts occur at various locations within the material of interest, and the acoustic vibrations are propagated through the material and are observable at the surface by one or more transducers. The transducer and amplifier system forms output signals dependent on the stress levels and influenced by the microstructure in the material. After amplification and display on a suitable recording device, the signals are scaled to relate the stress and microstructure within the specimen. An array of transducers and associated amplifiers enables spatial resolution of stress distribution in a specimen.
Abstract translation: 本公开涉及声学巴克豪森应力检测器装置和获得铁磁材料的微结构中的应力或确定的测量的方法。 在优选和示出的实施例中，通过施加可变磁场来测试和测量铁磁性样品中的应力或微结构信息。 包括输入换能器和放大器的敏感声学检测装置基于由磁场强度的变化产生的巴克豪森声学现象形成信号。 巴克豪森声学信息是在磁畴壁移动时发生的材料内产生的振动的形式。 畴壁移位发生在感兴趣的材料内的各个位置处，并且声振动通过材料传播并且通过一个或多个换能器在表面处可观察到。 传感器和放大器系统根据应力水平形成输出信号，并受到材料中微观结构的影响。 在合适的记录装置上放大和显示之后，将信号缩放以使样本内的应力和微结构相关。 传感器和相关放大器阵列可以在样品中实现空间分辨应力分布。
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公开(公告)号：US4152929A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-08
申请号：US863778
申请日：1977-12-23
Applicant: Tibor O. Edmond , Kenneth C. Kestler
Inventor： Tibor O. Edmond , Kenneth C. Kestler
CPC classification number: G01L5/24 , G01L1/255 , G01N2291/02827
Abstract: Apparatus and method for determining the tensile load on a mine roof bolt, which is indicative of the support provided by the bolt. The device comprises a hammer for striking a roof bolt to produce a sound pulse, a microphone for picking up the sound pulse, and a sound comparator having a recorded sound or sounds whereby an operator can match the induced sound pulse with a recorded sound pulse to provide an indication of the tensile load on the roof bolt. The comparator may include a range of sounds, or may incorporate a variable speed function whereby the pitch of the recorded sound may be varied until the induced sound is matched. Comparison of the induced sound with the recorded sound provides an indication of the tensile load on the roof bolt.
Abstract translation: 用于确定矿顶车顶螺栓上的拉伸载荷的装置和方法，其表示由螺栓提供的支撑。 该装置包括用于敲击屋顶螺栓以产生声音脉冲的锤，用于拾取声音脉冲的麦克风，以及具有记录声音或声音的声音比较器，由此操作者可以将感应的声音脉冲与记录的声音脉冲相匹配 提供屋顶螺栓上的拉伸载荷的指示。 比较器可以包括一定范围的声音，或者可以包含可变速度功能，由此可以改变记录声音的音调直到感应声匹配。 引起的声音与录音的比较提供了屋顶螺栓上的拉伸载荷的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US4062227A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-13
申请号：US754066
申请日：1976-12-23
Applicant: Joseph S. Heyman
Inventor： Joseph S. Heyman
CPC classification number: G01B17/04 , G01H13/00 , G01L1/255 , G01N29/12 , G01N29/227 , G01N29/36 , G01N2291/014 , G01N2291/02827 , G01N2291/2691
Abstract: This invention is a CW ultrasonic device for measuring frequency shifts of the peak of a mechanical resonance in a body. One application of the device is measuring the strain in a bolt. It also has other applications such, for example, as measuring the thickness of a body, measuring the depth of a flaw in a body, measuring the elongation of body and measuring changes in velocity of sound in a body. The body is connected, by means of a CW transducer, to electrical circuit means including a narrow band RF amplifier to form a closed loop feedback marginal oscillator that frequency locks the device to the peak of a mechanical resonance in the body. Thereafter, when the frequency of this peak changes, because of a physical change in the body, the frequency of the oscillator changes. The device includes an automatic frequency resonant peak tracker that produces a voltage that is related to a change in frequency of the oscillator. This voltage is applied to the RF amplifier to change the center of its frequency band to include the frequency of the peak and is a measure of the frequency shift. The device also includes a special transducer which requires contact to only one side of the body and provides high electrical isolation between its parts.
Abstract translation: 本发明是用于测量身体机械共振峰值的频移的CW超声波装置。 该装置的一个应用是测量螺栓中的应变。 它还具有其他应用，例如测量身体的厚度，测量身体中的缺陷的深度，测量身体的伸长并测量身体中的声音的变化。 身体通过CW传感器连接到包括窄带RF放大器的电路装置，以形成闭环反馈边缘振荡器，其将装置频率锁定到身体机械共振的峰值。 此后，当该峰值的频率变化时，由于身体的物理变化，振荡器的频率发生变化。 该装置包括产生与振荡器的频率变化相关的电压的自动频率谐振峰值跟踪器。 该电压被施加到RF放大器以改变其频带的中心以包括峰值的频率，并且是频移的量度。 该装置还包括特殊的换能器，其需要仅接触身体的一侧并且在其部件之间提供高电隔离。
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公开(公告)号：US3909713A
公开(公告)日：1975-09-30
申请号：US46442774
申请日：1974-04-26
Applicant: US ENERGY
Inventor： BILLETER THOMAS R
Abstract: A device for measuring the biaxial strain of a test specimen is provided, utilizing a coaxial resonant cavity, made to resonate in at least two different modes by electromagnetic energy supplied to the cavity. A first mode is dependent upon the diametric dimensions of the cavity and a second mode is dependent upon the axial and diametric dimensions of the cavity. The cavity is formed of a hollow, sensor body whose electrically conductive inner walls, one of which is movable, function as the outer conductor of the coaxial cavity, and which is adapted to receive the test specimen through the movable wall which is rigidly coupled to the test specimen. The outer surface of the test specimen, being electrically conductive, functions as the inner conductor of the coaxial resonator. Dimensional variations in the test specimen result in a variation in the dimensions of the coaxial cavity and therefore in the frequency at which the cavity will resonate in each of the modes. These frequency variations can be monitored to provide a measure of biaxial strain associated with the object.
Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于测量试样的双轴应变的装置，利用同轴谐振腔，通过提供给空腔的电磁能使至少两种不同模式共振。 第一模式取决于空腔的直径尺寸，第二模式取决于空腔的轴向和直径尺寸。 空腔由中空的传感器主体形成，其导电内壁（其中一个可移动）用作同轴腔的外导体，并且其适于通过可动壁容纳测试样本，该可动壁刚性地耦合到 试样。 试样的外表面导电，用作同轴谐振器的内导体。 试样中的尺寸变化导致同轴腔的尺寸的变化，因此导致在每个模式中空腔将谐振的频率。 可以监视这些频率变化以提供与物体相关联的双轴应变的量度。
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公开(公告)号：US3303694A
公开(公告)日：1967-02-14
申请号：US35306564
申请日：1964-03-19
Applicant: FAIRBANKS MORSE INC
Inventor： ANTHONY D ONOFRIO
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