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    Selective recovery of a nitrophenolic by-product from nitration waste water by precipitation
    101.
    发明授权
    Selective recovery of a nitrophenolic by-product from nitration waste water by precipitation 失效
    通过沉淀从硝化废水中选择性地回收硝基酚副产物

    公开(公告)号：US4986920A

    公开(公告)日：1991-01-22

    申请号：US377105

    申请日：1989-07-10

    Applicant: Earl G. Adams ,  Arthur C. Bayer ,  Alan D. Farmer ,  Brenda J. Hook

    Inventor： Earl G. Adams ,  Arthur C. Bayer ,  Alan D. Farmer ,  Brenda J. Hook

    IPC: C07C201/16

    CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  Y10S210/909

    Abstract: A process of selectively recovering a nitrophenolic by-product, namely 2,4-dinitrophenol and picric acid, from nitration waste water in substantially pure form through the control of the solution pH of the nitration waste water and subsequent precipitation is provided. By adjusting the solution pH of the nitration waste water with an acid to a pH in the range of from about 4.0 to 0.5, the solubility of the selected nitrophenolic by-products is affected and the crystal formation of the individual by-products controlled.

    Abstract translation: 提供了从硝化废水以基本纯净的形式选择性地回收硝基酚副产物即2,4-二硝基苯酚和苦味酸的方法，通过控制溶液的硝化废水的pH和随后的沉淀。 通过用酸将硝酸废水的溶液pH调节至约4.0至0.5的范围内，所选择的硝基酚副产物的溶解度受到影响，并且控制了各个副产物的晶体形成。

    Separation of nitrobenzaldehyde isomers
    102.
    发明授权
    Separation of nitrobenzaldehyde isomers 失效
    硝基苯甲醛异构体的分离

    公开(公告)号：US4714783A

    公开(公告)日：1987-12-22

    申请号：US861792

    申请日：1986-05-12

    Applicant: Hermann A. Zinnen ,  Thad S. Franczyk

    Inventor： Hermann A. Zinnen ,  Thad S. Franczyk

    IPC: C07C201/16 ,  C07C76/06

    CPC classification number: C07C201/16

    Abstract: A process for separating ortho- or meta-nitrobenzaldehyde from a feed mixture comprising ortho-nitrobenzaldehyde or metal-nitrobenzaldehyde and at least one other isomer from which the ortho- or metal-isomer is to be separated. The feed mixture is contacted at adsorption conditions with meta-selective adsorbent comprising a type X zeolite having sodium or lithium cations at exchangeable cationic sites or with an ortho-selective adsorbent comprising a type Y zeolite having alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cations at exchangeable cationic sites or a phosphate-substituted crystalline, aluminum silicate zeolite. Preferred desorbents are lower alkyl acetates and formates, acetonitrile and benzaldehyde.

    Abstract translation: 从包含邻硝基苯甲醛或金属 - 硝基苯甲醛的进料混合物中分离出邻位或间硝基苯甲醛的方法和至少一种异构体，其中邻位或金属异构体将被分离。 进料混合物在吸附条件下与包含具有可交换阳离子位点的钠或锂阳离子的X型沸石的元选择性吸附剂接触，或者与包含具有可交换阳离子的碱金属或碱土金属阳离子的Y型沸石的邻位选择性吸附剂接触 位点或磷酸盐取代的结晶硅酸铝沸石。 优选的脱附剂是低级烷基乙酸酯和甲酸酯，乙腈和苯甲醛。

    Process for separating nitroaromatic compounds from spent nitric acid
    103.
    发明授权
    Process for separating nitroaromatic compounds from spent nitric acid 失效
    将硝基芳族化合物与废硝酸分离的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4642396A

    公开(公告)日：1987-02-10

    申请号：US638436

    申请日：1984-08-07

    Applicant: Richard V. C. Carr ,  Bernard A. Toseland ,  David S. Ross

    Inventor： Richard V. C. Carr ,  Bernard A. Toseland ,  David S. Ross

    IPC: C01B21/36 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C79/10 ,  C07B43/02

    CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  C01B21/36

    Abstract: This invention pertains to a process for extracting a nitroaromatic composition from a nitration medium containing nitric acid, water, and nitroaromatic. The process comprises contacting the nitration medium with nitric oxide under conditions such that the nitric oxide will react with the nitric acid to form nitrogen dioxide and water. Gaseous nitrogen dioxide is removed from the reaction medium and accordingly, the dissolved nitroaromatic present in the nitration medium separates to form an organic phase which then can be removed by decantation. Typically, one mole of nitric oxide is added to the nitration medium for every two moles of nitric acid present in said medium. Reaction conditions normally are from about 0.degree. to 90.degree. C.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及从含硝酸，水和硝基芳族化合物的硝化介质中提取硝基芳族组合物的方法。 该方法包括使硝化介质与一氧化氮接触，使得一氧化氮将与硝酸反应形成二氧化氮和水。 从反应介质中除去气态二氧化氮，因此，硝化介质中溶解的硝基芳族化合物分离形成有机相，然后可通过倾析除去有机相。 通常，对于存在于所述介质中的每两摩尔硝酸，向硝化介质中加入1摩尔一氧化氮。 反应条件通常为约0〜90℃

    Crystal purification
    105.
    发明授权
    Crystal purification 失效
    水晶净化

    公开(公告)号：US4421937A

    公开(公告)日：1983-12-20

    申请号：US336549

    申请日：1982-01-04

    Applicant: Dan K. Lynch

    Inventor： Dan K. Lynch

    IPC: C07C7/14 ,  C07C17/392 ,  C07C37/84 ,  C07C201/16

    CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  C07C17/392 ,  C07C37/70 ,  C07C37/82 ,  C07C37/84 ,  C07C7/14

    Abstract: Mixtures of crystals and a liquid, ordinarily comprising the mother liquor of the crystals are continuously separated by feeding the mixture into a screw type press having drainage apperatures, thereby subjecting the crystals with the mother liquor entrapped therein to pressures sufficient to substantially reduce the interstitial space between crystals. Reduction of the interstitial space causes the mother liquor to be forced out of the drainage aperatures thus purifying the crystals. This achieves a more effective separation of mother liquor from the crystals than can be achieved by gravity or the use of a device such as a centrifuge and eliminates the need for a foreign solvent to wash the mother liquor from the crystals.

    Abstract translation: 通常将晶体和液体的混合物连续分离，通过将混合物进料到具有排出温度的螺杆式压力机中，从而使包含在其中的母液的晶体经受足以大大降低间隙空间的压力 晶体之间。 间隙空间的减少导致母液被排出排水孔，从而净化晶体。 这实现了母液比晶体更有效的分离，可以通过重力或使用诸如离心机的装置来实现，并且不需要外来溶剂从晶体中洗涤母液。

    Process for separating solid 1,5- and/or 1,8-dinitroanthraquinone and liquid nitrobenzene
    106.
    发明授权
    Process for separating solid 1,5- and/or 1,8-dinitroanthraquinone and liquid nitrobenzene 失效
    分离固体1,5-和/或1,8-二硝基蒽醌和液体硝基苯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4389344A

    公开(公告)日：1983-06-21

    申请号：US99115

    申请日：1979-11-29

    Applicant: Axel Schaefer ,  Werner Motika ,  Wolfgang Bender ,  Jorn Todt ,  Udo Oels

    Inventor： Axel Schaefer ,  Werner Motika ,  Wolfgang Bender ,  Jorn Todt ,  Udo Oels

    IPC: C07C205/47 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C49/68

    CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  C07C2103/24

    Abstract: A process and an equipment for obtaining dry 1,5- and/or 1,8-dinitroanthraquinone from suspensions which contain liquid nitrobenzene whereby in a first stage solid 1,5- and/or 1,8-dinitroanthraquinone with a content of less than 30% by weight of nitrobenzene is separated off mechanically from the suspension at elevated temperature and whereby in a second stage the residued nitrobenzene is removed from the separated 1,5- and/or 1,8-dinitroanthraquinone by lowering the pressure during which the temperature falls.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于从含有液体硝基苯的悬浮液中获得干燥的1,5-和/或1,8-二硝基蒽醌的方法和设备，其中在第一阶段中固体含量小于1的固体1,5-和/或1,8-二硝基蒽醌 在升高的温度下将30重量％的硝基苯与悬浮液机械分离，由此在第二阶段中，通过降低其中温度的压力从分离的1,5-和/或1,8-二硝基蒽醌中除去残留的硝基苯 下降。

    Organic acids and process for preparing same
    107.
    发明授权
    Organic acids and process for preparing same 失效
    有机酸及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4334084A

    公开(公告)日：1982-06-08

    申请号：US910215

    申请日：1978-05-30

    Applicant: Johann G. D. Schulz

    Inventor： Johann G. D. Schulz

    IPC: C07C205/57 ,  C07C51/373 ,  C07C51/47

    CPC classification number: C07C201/16

    Abstract: A mixture of polycyclic, aromatic polycarboxylic acids carrying nuclear nitro groups that is substantially soluble in a mixture of polar solvents but substantially insoluble in water and a process for preparing the mixture of polycyclic, aromatic polycarboxylic acids.

    Abstract translation: 携带核硝基的多环芳族多元羧酸的混合物，其基本上可溶于极性溶剂但基本上不溶于水的混合物，以及制备多环芳族多羧酸混合物的方法。

    Process for obtaining 1,5-dinitro-anthraquinone of high purity
    108.
    发明授权
    Process for obtaining 1,5-dinitro-anthraquinone of high purity 失效
    获得高纯度的1,5-二硝基蒽醌的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4307021A

    公开(公告)日：1981-12-22

    申请号：US52883

    申请日：1979-06-28

    Applicant: Maurice R. J. Vallette

    Inventor： Maurice R. J. Vallette

    IPC: C07C205/47 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C76/00

    CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  C07C2103/24

    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining 1,5-dinitro-anthraquinone of high purity from crude mixtures of dinitro-anthraquinones. Said mixture is treated at a temperature ranging from 150.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. with an ester having a boiling point greater than 150.degree. C. derived from an aliphatic alcohol containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a mono- or di-carboxylic acid or phosphoric acid, and then, after possible cooling without the temperature falling below 150.degree. C., separating the insoluble material consisting essentially of 1,5-dinitro-anthraquinone.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及从二硝基蒽醌的粗混合物中获得高纯度的1,5-二硝基蒽醌的方法。 所述混合物在150℃至200℃的温度下用沸点大于150℃的酯衍生自含有1至4个碳原子的脂族醇和单 - 或二 - 羧酸 酸或磷酸，然后在可能的冷却下，温度低于150℃，分离基本上由1,5-二硝基蒽醌组成的不溶物。

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