公开(公告)号：US07693356B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-06

申请号：US12208696

申请日：2008-09-11

Applicant: Giovanni Gilardi ,  Paolo Milanese ,  Simone Pensa

Inventor： Giovanni Gilardi ,  Paolo Milanese ,  Simone Pensa

IPC: G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/03

CPC classification number: G02F1/2255 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: An optical modulator comprises a Z-cut lithium niobate substrate on which is formed a Mach-Zehnder interferometer having two generally parallel waveguides lying beneath a buffer layer of dielectric material. First and second ground electrodes and a hot electrode are disposed on the buffer layer, the first and second ground electrodes being spaced either side of the hot electrode, the hot electrode and the first ground electrode being proximate to at least apart of the respective waveguides. The electrode structure is unsymmetrical in that (a) the hot electrode and the first ground electrode each have a width substantially less than that of the second ground electrode and or (b) the spacing between the first ground and hot electrodes is different from the spacing between the second ground and hot electrodes. whereby a range of chirp values can be obtained. When the spacing between the first ground and hot electrodes is smaller than the spacing between the second ground and hot electrodes, and preferably the hot and first ground electrodes have a width not exceeding 15 .μm, the modulator is capable of operation at frequencies above 10 GHz, possibly up to around 40 GHz.

Abstract translation: 光学调制器包括Z切割的铌酸锂基片，其上形成有马赫 - 曾德尔干涉仪，其具有位于电介质材料的缓冲层之下的两个大致平行的波导。 第一接地电极和第二接地电极和热电极设置在缓冲层上，第一和第二接地电极与热电极的任一侧隔开，热电极和第一接地电极接近相应波导的至少一部分。 电极结构是不对称的，其中（a）热电极和第一接地电极的宽度明显小于第二接地电极的宽度，和（b）第一接地电极和热电极之间的间距不同于间隔 在第二接地和热电极之间。 由此可以获得啁啾值的范围。 当第一接地和热电极之间的间隔小于第二接地和热电极之间的间隔时，优选地，热和第一接地电极的宽度不超过15μm，调制器能够在高于10的频率下工作 GHz，可能高达40 GHz。

公开(公告)号：US07570843B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-04

申请号：US11233573

申请日：2005-09-23

Applicant: Norikazu Miyazaki ,  Masataka Yokozawa

Inventor： Norikazu Miyazaki ,  Masataka Yokozawa

IPC: G02F1/035

CPC classification number: G02F1/2255 ,  G02F2001/212 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2202/20

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical modulation element module which is capable of the optical modulation for analog transmission with a low driving voltage and low chirp.An optical modulation element module, in which Mach-Zehnder type optical modulation element 50 having a Mach-Zehnder type waveguide unit having two branched waveguides on a substrate which has electro-optical effect and two modulation electrodes which apply a modulation signal to each branched waveguide, optical input and output units for inputting and outputting a light wave to and from the optical modulation element, and a modulation signal input unit 56 for inputting the modulation signal into the modulation electrodes are placed in a case 51, includes a transformer branching unit 57 in which the modulation signal input unit which corresponds to the two modulation electrodes is formed as one terminal and which divides the modulation signal from the modulation signal input unit into two signals, and applies the divided modulation signals to each modulation electrode.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种能够以低驱动电压和低啁啾进行模拟传输的光调制的光调制元件模块。 一种光调制元件模块，其中具有Mach-Zehnder型光调制元件50的Mach-Zehnder型光波导单元在具有电光效应的基板上具有两个分支波导，以及两个调制电极，其对每个分支波导施加调制信号 ，用于向光调制元件输入光和输出光波的光输入和输出单元，以及用于将调制信号输入调制电极的调制信号输入单元56放置在壳体51中，包括变压器分支单元57 其中对应于两个调制电极的调制信号输入单元形成为一个端子，并将调制信号从调制信号输入单元分成两个信号，并将分频的调制信号施加到每个调制电极。

公开(公告)号：US07447395B2

公开(公告)日：2008-11-04

申请号：US11810591

申请日：2007-06-06

Applicant: Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Paulius Mindaugas Mosinskis ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Mark Webster

Inventor： Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Paulius Mindaugas Mosinskis ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Mark Webster

IPC: G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/295

CPC classification number: G02F1/025 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: A silicon-based optical modulator structure includes one or more separate localized heating elements for changing the refractive index of an associated portion of the structure and thereby providing corrective adjustments to address unwanted variations in device performance. Heating is provided by thermo-optic devices such as, for example, silicon-based resistors, silicide resistors, forward-biased PN junctions, and the like, where any of these structures may easily be incorporated with a silicon-based optical modulator. The application of a DC voltage to any of these structures will generate heat, which then transfers into the waveguiding area. The increase in local temperature of the waveguiding area will, in turn, increase the refractive index of the waveguiding in the area. Control of the applied DC voltage results in controlling the refractive index.

Abstract translation: 基于硅的光学调制器结构包括一个或多个单独的局部加热元件，用于改变结构的相关部分的折射率，从而提供校正调整以解决器件性能的不期望的变化。 加热由诸如硅基电阻器，硅化物电阻器，正向偏置PN结等的热光器件提供，其中这些结构中的任何一种可以容易地与硅基光学调制器结合。 对这些结构中的任何一个施加直流电压将产生热量，然后传递到波导区域。 波导区域的局部温度的增加又将增加该区域中波导的折射率。 施加的直流电压的控制导致控制折射率。

公开(公告)号：US07095543B1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-22

申请号：US09792219

申请日：2001-02-23

Applicant: Marc E. Hill ,  Jonathan P. King ,  Hui Wu

Inventor： Marc E. Hill ,  Jonathan P. King ,  Hui Wu

IPC: G02F1/035

CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/126

Abstract: The invention discloses phase-shifters, modulators, and method that produces a smaller π by means of a field excitation using multiple electrodes. A negative signal is introduced that travels with the positive signal, which enhances the electric field significantly. The field enhancement is provided by the superposition of the fields accumulated from each electrode. A base or substrate material can be made from any compound having linear electro-optic properties, such as lithium niobate, lithium tantalite, potassium lithium niobate, potassium titanyl phosphate or gallium-arsenide. For lithium niobate, there are two possible orientations of electric field, z-cut orientation or x-cut orientation.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了通过使用多个电极的场激发产生较小的pi的移相器，调制器和方法。 引入负信号与正信号一起行进，这显着增强了电场。 通过从每个电极累积的场的叠加来提供场增强。 碱或基材可由任何具有线性电光学特性的化合物制成，例如铌酸锂，钽酸锂，铌酸钾钾，磷酸二氢钾或砷化镓。 对于铌酸锂，电场，z切割取向或x切割方向有两个可能的取向。

公开(公告)号：US07027668B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-11

申请号：US10427982

申请日：2003-05-02

Applicant: Robert F. Tavlykaev ,  Ganesh K. Gopalakrishnan ,  Scott T. Taylor

Inventor： Robert F. Tavlykaev ,  Ganesh K. Gopalakrishnan ,  Scott T. Taylor

IPC: G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/295

CPC classification number: G02F1/0316 ,  G02F1/0356 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2201/127

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical modulator including an optical waveguide, and at least one CPW-to-CPS transition. The CPW segments include a hot electrode; and a ground plane disposed on each side of the hot electrode, and they share a ground plane. The CPS segment extends along an interaction length of the modulator. In one embodiment, two driving signals are applied so that the modulator operates as a dual-drive modulator. In another embodiment, a domain-inverted region is formed in a substrate of the dual-drive modulator to overlap with one arm of the optical waveguide (MZI) and invert a sign of a phase shift induced in that arm. Finally, a fixed chirp can be introduced into the dual-drive modulator by asymmetrically positioning the interferometer arms into gaps of the CPW segments with respect to the hot electrode, and by employing unequal width gaps in the CPW segments.

公开(公告)号：US07013053B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-14

申请号：US10356778

申请日：2003-02-03

Applicant: Shlomo Ruschin ,  Arkady Kaplan

Inventor： Shlomo Ruschin ,  Arkady Kaplan

IPC: G02F1/07 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02B6/27

CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2203/06

Abstract: Electro-optical method and device for modulation of light are presented providing a substantially balanced voltage-phase response of the device in two orthogonal polarization directions substantially irrespective of applied voltages. The device comprises a crystal material of a predetermined orientation of the plane of propagation of light therethrough, formed with at least one waveguide channel directed in a predetermined direction, and at least two electrodes accommodated at opposite sides of the waveguide channel. The substantially balanced voltage-phase response is achieved by shifting the electrodes relative to the axis of the waveguide channel a predetermined distance in a certain direction. The device may be designed so as to operate as a phase modulator or an amplitude modulator.

公开(公告)号：US06836351B2

公开(公告)日：2004-12-28

申请号：US10283947

申请日：2002-10-30

Applicant: Peter Y. Livingston ,  Steven R. Holm ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee

Inventor： Peter Y. Livingston ,  Steven R. Holm ,  Elizabeth T. Kunkee

IPC: G02B610

CPC classification number: B82Y20/00 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02F1/01708 ,  G02F1/2257 ,  G02F2001/01791 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  H01L29/127

Abstract: A quantum-confined Stark effect quantum-dot optical modulator includes an interferometer having a beam splitter, first and second parallel optical branches fed by the beam splitter and a beam combiner fed by the first and second parallel optical branches and a laser for feeding a laser beam to the beam splitter. First and second optical phase shifters are provided in respective ones of the first and second parallel optical branches. Each optical phase shifter includes an intrinsic semiconductor crystalline planar layer and p-type and n-type planar semiconductor layers on opposite faces of the intrinsic semiconductor crystalline planar layer, the intrinsic layer lying in a plane parallel to a direction of propagation of the laser beam in the respective optical branch. The intrinsic layer has plural layers of planar arrays of quantum dots therein. A reverse bias D.C. voltage source is connected across the p-type and n-type layers.

Abstract translation: 量子限制的斯塔克效应量子点光调制器包括具有分束器的干涉仪，由分束器馈送的第一和第二平行光学分支和由第一和第二平行光学分支馈送的光束组合器和用于馈送激光器的激光器 光束分束器。 第一和第二光学移相器设置在第一和第二平行光学分支中的相应的一个中。 每个光学移相器包括本征半导体晶体平面层和本征半导体晶体平面层的相对面上的p型和n型平面半导体层，本征层位于与激光束的传播方向平行的平面中 在相应的光学分支中。 本征层具有多层量子点平面阵列。 反向偏压直流电压源跨越p型和n型层连接。

公开(公告)号：US06650458B1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-18

申请号：US10254594

申请日：2002-09-26

Applicant: Kelvin Prosyk ,  Ian Betty

Inventor： Kelvin Prosyk ,  Ian Betty

IPC: G02F101

CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2203/25

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator having a continuously adjustable chirp is provided. Optical signals input into the electro-optic modulator are divided into portions which are phase modulated in opposite senses, one portion imparted with a positive chirp and the other with a negative chirp. Variable couplers are used to adjust (by way of adjusting their coupling ratios) the amount of power allocated between the optical signals contributing to the positive chirp and the power of signals contributing to the negative chirp so that when the optical signals are combined an optical signal with an adjustable chirp is produced.

Abstract translation: 提供具有连续可调啁啾的电光调制器。 输入到电光调制器中的光信号被分成相反的相位调制的部分，一部分赋予正的啁啾声，另一部分被赋予负的啁啾声。 可变耦合器用于调整（通过调整它们的耦合比）在有助于正线性调频脉冲的光信号和分配给负啁啾的信号的功率之间分配的功率量，使得当光信号被组合时，光信号 产生可调啁啾声。

公开(公告)号：US20030174920A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-18

申请号：US10333546

申请日：2003-01-22

Applicant: ANRITSU CORPORATION

Inventor： Kenji Kawano ,  Toru Nakahira ,  Seiji Uchida ,  Masaya Nanami ,  Yuji Sato

IPC: G02F001/035 ,  G02B006/26

CPC classification number: G02F1/2255 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2203/21

Abstract: An optical waveguide for guided an incident light is formed on a substrate having an electro-optic effect. A first buffer layer is formed to cover an upper surface of the substrate. A conductive film is formed above the first buffer layer. A center electrode and a ground electrode are formed for applying a voltage in order to induce an electric field in the optical waveguide. A second buffer layer is formed between the conductive film and at least one of the center electrode and the ground electrode. The conductive film is formed to be present on at least a part below the ground electrode. A light guided through the optical waveguide is modulated by changing a phase by a voltage applied to the optical waveguide. Thereby, a thermal drift can be effectively restricted so that an optical modulation device having excellent electric characteristics can be realized.

Abstract translation: 在具有电光效应的基板上形成用于引导入射光的光波导。 形成第一缓冲层以覆盖基板的上表面。 导电膜形成在第一缓冲层上方。 形成中心电极和接地电极以施加电压以便在光波导中引起电场。 在导电膜和至少一个中心电极和接地电极之间形成第二缓冲层。 导电膜形成为存在于接地电极下方的至少一部分上。 通过光波导引导的光被施加到光波导的电压改变相位来调制。 因此，可以有效地限制热漂移，从而可以实现具有优异电特性的光调制装置。

公开(公告)号：US20030165634A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-04

申请号：US10119314

申请日：2002-04-10

Inventor： Lawrence Joseph Dries ,  Dexter George Girton

IPC: B05D003/00

CPC classification number: G02F1/061 ,  G02F1/065 ,  G02F1/3558 ,  G02F2201/126 ,  G02F2202/07

Abstract: A process is given to protect polymer modulators during push-pull poling employing high voltages to the electrodes is given where a thin layer of dielectric material is applied to the electrodes prior to poling, applying the direct current high voltage, and removing the dielectric after completion of poling.

Abstract translation: 给予在推挽极化期间保护聚合物调制剂的方法，其中给予电极使用高电压，其中在极化之前将电介质材料薄层施加到电极，施加直流高电压并在完成之后去除电介质 的极化。