公开(公告)号：US4824439A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US133323

申请日：1987-12-16

Applicant: Domingo R. Polanco ,  Jose S. Perez ,  Euler J. Grazzina ,  Niomar Marcano

Inventor： Domingo R. Polanco ,  Jose S. Perez ,  Euler J. Grazzina ,  Niomar Marcano

IPC: C10L1/32

CPC classification number: C10L1/328

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a liquid fuel and resulting fuel including a sulfur and nitrogen capturing additive consisting essentially of Na.sup.+, Fe.sup.++ and an element X selected from group consisting of Mg.sup.++, Ba.sup.++, Ca.sup.++, Li.sup.+, K.sup.+ and mixtures thereof wherein Na.sup.+ is present in an amount of less or equal to 40 wt. % based on the total weight of the water soluble additive Fe.sup.++ is present in an amount of greater than or equal to 0.4 wt. % based on the total weight of the water soluble additive with the balance essentially element X wherein the ratio of Na.sup.+ and Fe.sup.++ is about between 7.5:1.0 to 100:1.0.

Abstract translation: 一种用于制备液体燃料和所得燃料的方法，其包括基本上由Na +，Fe ++和选自Mg ++，Ba ++，Ca ++，Li +，K +的元素X组成的硫和氮捕获添加剂及其混合物，其中Na +存在 其量小于或等于40wt。 基于水溶性添加剂Fe ++的总重量的％以大于或等于0.4重量％的量存在。 基于水溶性添加剂的总重量，余量基本上为元素X，其中Na +和Fe ++的比例约为7.5:1.0至100:1.0。

公开(公告)号：US4821757A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-18

申请号：US65124

申请日：1987-06-23

Applicant: Michael E. Hayes ,  Kevin R. Hrebenar ,  Patricia L. Murphy ,  Laurence E. Futch Jr. ,  James F. Deal III ,  Paul L. Bolden Jr.

Inventor： Michael E. Hayes ,  Kevin R. Hrebenar ,  Patricia L. Murphy ,  Laurence E. Futch Jr. ,  James F. Deal III ,  Paul L. Bolden Jr.

IPC: B01F17/00 ,  B01F17/30 ,  C10L1/32 ,  F17D1/17

CPC classification number: C10L1/328 ,  B01F17/0085 ,  Y10T137/0391

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided to facilitate the transportation and combustion of highly viscous hydrocarbons by forming reduced viscosity hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions, and in particular, bioemulsifier-stabilized hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions.

Abstract translation: 提供了方法和组合物，以通过形成较低粘度的水包油乳剂，特别是生物乳化剂稳定的水包油乳液来促进高粘度烃的输送和燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US4795478A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-03

申请号：US96643

申请日：1987-09-11

Applicant: Ignacio A. Layrisse R. ,  Domingo R. Polanco ,  Hercilio Rivas ,  Euler Jimenez G. ,  Lirio Quintero ,  Jose Salazar P. ,  Mayela Rivero ,  Antonio Cardenas ,  Maria L. Chirinos ,  Daysi Rojas ,  Humberto Marquez

Inventor： Ignacio A. Layrisse R. ,  Domingo R. Polanco ,  Hercilio Rivas ,  Euler Jimenez G. ,  Lirio Quintero ,  Jose Salazar P. ,  Mayela Rivero ,  Antonio Cardenas ,  Maria L. Chirinos ,  Daysi Rojas ,  Humberto Marquez

IPC: B01D17/05 ,  B01F17/42 ,  B01F17/52 ,  C10L1/32

CPC classification number: C10L1/328 ,  Y10T137/0391

Abstract: Method for the formation, processing, transportation and end use of a hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion.

Abstract translation: 水包油乳液的形成，加工，运输和最终用途的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4627458A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-09

申请号：US802851

申请日：1985-11-27

Applicant: Rama R. S. Prasad

Inventor： Rama R. S. Prasad

IPC: C10L1/32 ,  F17D1/17 ,  F17D1/16

CPC classification number: C10L1/328 ,  F17D1/17 ,  Y10T137/0391

Abstract: There is provided a process for the formulation of an oil-in-water emulsion from a produced hydrocarbon crude which includes a water-in-oil emulsion. A surface-active chemical system is added with agitation to the crude when such crude is at a temperature of from about 100.degree. to about 200.degree. F., in a quantity sufficient to formulate and then sustain an oil-in-water emulsion at pipeline conditions of temperature and shear. Water-content is from about 15 percent to about 35 percent by weight. Viscosity is sufficiently low for pipeline transportation. Any excess water is separated from the formed oil-in-water emulsion prior to pipelining. The oil-in-water emulsion is one that can easily be dewatered and desalted to the necessary marketing specifications at the downsteam end of the pipeline, using known technology.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种从产生的油包水乳液中制备水包油乳液的方法，其包括油包水乳液。 当这种粗品处于约100°至约200°F的温度下时，将表面活性化学体系搅拌加入到粗品中，其量足以配制，然后在管道中维持水包油乳液 温度和剪切条件。 含水量为约15重量％至约35重量％。 管道运输粘度足够低。 在流水线之前，任何多余的水分与形成的水包油乳液分离。 水包油乳液是使用已知技术，可以容易地在管道的下游末端脱水和脱盐至必要的营销规范。

公开(公告)号：US4487835A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-11

申请号：US214423

申请日：1980-12-08

Applicant: Bernt E. Uhlin ,  Kurt Nordstr/o/ m ,  Soeren Molin ,  Petter Gustaffson

Inventor： Bernt E. Uhlin ,  Kurt Nordstr/o/ m ,  Soeren Molin ,  Petter Gustaffson

IPC: C12N15/09 ,  B01F17/00 ,  B01F17/16 ,  B01F17/22 ,  B01F17/28 ,  C07H21/04 ,  C09K8/26 ,  C09K8/28 ,  C09K8/36 ,  C09K8/42 ,  C09K8/58 ,  C09K8/584 ,  C09K8/60 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C11D1/10 ,  C12N1/20 ,  C12N15/00 ,  C12N15/69 ,  C12P21/00 ,  C12R1/19 ,  E21B43/22 ,  C12N1/00

CPC classification number: B01F17/0042 ,  C09K8/26 ,  C09K8/28 ,  C09K8/36 ,  C09K8/424 ,  C09K8/58 ,  C09K8/584 ,  C09K8/601 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L1/328 ,  C12N15/69 ,  Y10S435/82

Abstract: Gene products of plasmid DNA, such as proteins, are prepared in high yields by cultivating bacteria carrying a plasmid which shows a controlled constant plasmid copy number at one temperature and a much higher or totally uncontrolled copy number at a different temperature. The plasmid may be prepared by recombinant DNA technique using a cloning vector showing the temperature dependent plasmid copy number pattern.

Abstract translation: 通过培养携带质粒的细菌，在不同温度下，在一个温度和高得多或完全不受控制的拷贝数下，在一个温度下显示受控的恒定质粒拷贝数，质粒DNA（例如蛋白质）的基因产物以高产率制备。 质粒可以通过使用显示温度依赖性质粒拷贝数模式的克隆载体的重组DNA技术来制备。

公开(公告)号：US4465494A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-14

申请号：US347589

申请日：1982-02-10

Applicant: Maurice Bourrel ,  Alain Sanchez ,  Jean-Claude Soula

Inventor： Maurice Bourrel ,  Alain Sanchez ,  Jean-Claude Soula

IPC: C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/182 ,  C10L1/183 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L10/18

CPC classification number: C10L1/328 ,  Y10S516/06

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a microemulsion of water or water and another additive, especially alcohol or amine, in a liquid fuel, in the presence of a surface active agent. Such microemulsions are intended to be used as fuel in an engine or a burner.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及在表面活性剂的存在下，在液体燃料中制备水或水的另一种添加剂，特别是醇或胺的微乳液的方法。 这种微乳液旨在用作发动机或燃烧器中的燃料。

公开(公告)号：US4395266A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-26

申请号：US150827

申请日：1980-05-19

Applicant: Kong W. Han

Inventor： Kong W. Han

IPC: B01F17/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L10/18

CPC classification number: B01F17/00 ,  C10L1/328

Abstract: A stabilized water-in-mineral oil emulsion containing a finely divided stabilizer which is substantially undissolved in the constituent phases of the emulsion and forms an interface between said phases. The emulsion is produced starting from water, mineral oil, a surfactant and a stabilizer, which is preferably formed in situ.The emulsion can be used as fuel and displays an improved combustion.

Abstract translation: 一种稳定的矿物油包水乳液，其含有细分散的稳定剂，其基本上未溶解在乳液的组成相中并形成所述相之间的界面。 从水，矿物油，表面活性剂和稳定剂开始制备乳液，其优选原位形成。 乳液可以用作燃料并显示出改进的燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US4332695A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-01

申请号：US110796

申请日：1980-01-09

Applicant: Johann G. D. Schulz ,  John A. Cobler

Inventor： Johann G. D. Schulz ,  John A. Cobler

IPC: B01F17/00 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  B01J13/00

CPC classification number: B01F17/0021 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10L1/328 ,  Y10S516/06

Abstract: A hydrocarbon emulsion containing a hydrocarbon, water and the product resulting from the reaction of (1) polycyclic, polycarboxylic acids obtained as a result of the oxidation of coal with (2) a base.

Abstract translation: 含有烃，水和由（1）作为煤氧化得到的多环多元羧酸与（2）碱反应得到的产物的烃乳液。

公开(公告)号：US4203877A

公开(公告)日：1980-05-20

申请号：US921563

申请日：1978-07-03

Applicant: Alan S. Baker

Inventor： Alan S. Baker

IPC: B01F17/42 ,  B01F17/00 ,  B01F17/44 ,  B01F17/52 ,  B01J13/00 ,  C07C69/675 ,  C08G63/00 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C08G63/66 ,  C08G63/664 ,  C08G65/00 ,  C08G65/32 ,  C08G81/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L10/18 ,  C10M145/38 ,  C10M173/00 ,  C10N40/08 ,  C10N40/20 ,  C10N40/22 ,  C11D3/37 ,  D06M13/02 ,  D06M13/224 ,  D06M15/00 ,  C08G65/26 ,  C08L67/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/328 ,  B01F17/0028 ,  C08G63/664

Abstract: Block or graft copolymers useful as surfactants in oil/water systems are described. The copolymers comprise at least two polymeric components of molecular weight at least 500 which are derived from an oil-soluble complex monocarboxylic acid and a polymeric component of molecular weight at least 500 which is derived from a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol. The copolymers may be either oil-soluble or water-soluble depending on their composition and may be used as wetting agents, dispersing agents, emulsifiers or emulsion stabilizers. The oil-soluble copolymers, and their blends with low molecular weight conventional surfactants, are of particular interest for the emulsification of water in hydrocarbon fuel oils.

Abstract translation: 描述了用作油/水体系中的表面活性剂的嵌段或接枝共聚物。 共聚物包含至少两种分子量至少为500的聚合物组分，其衍生自油溶性络合物单羧酸和分子量至少为500的聚合物组分，其衍生自水溶性聚亚烷基二醇。 共聚物可以是油溶性的或水溶性的，取决于它们的组成，并且可以用作润湿剂，分散剂，乳化剂或乳液稳定剂。 油溶性共聚物及其与低分子量常规表面活性剂的共混物对于烃类燃料油中的水的乳化是特别有意义的。

公开(公告)号：US4084940A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-18

申请号：US535559

申请日：1974-12-23

Applicant: Kenneth J. Lissant

Inventor： Kenneth J. Lissant

IPC: C10L1/32

CPC classification number: C10L1/328

Abstract: This invention relates to a safety fuel which is characterized as a combustible high internal phase ratio emulsion which, although relatively non-ignitible, can be ignited under conventional ignition. This safety fuel is a high internal phase ratio emulsion having a combustible internal phase and an aqueous external phase containing sufficient volatile combustible materials in the external phase to ignite under conventional ignition conditions.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种安全燃料，其特征在于可燃高的内相比例乳液，尽管相对不可燃，但在常规点火下可以点燃。 该安全燃料是具有可燃内相和外部相的含水挥发性可燃材料的外部相的高内相比乳液，其在常规点火条件下点燃。