公开(公告)号：US06771844B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-03

申请号：US09962517

申请日：2001-09-25

Applicant: William S. C. Chang ,  Paul K. L. Yu

Inventor： William S. C. Chang ,  Paul K. L. Yu

IPC: G02F100

CPC classification number: G02F1/011 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/065 ,  G02F2001/0157 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: In the band edge region, transmission and reflection of an optical wave can be made very sensitive to the change in radiation wavelength, a change in the modulator material refractive index, and/or a change in the material absorption. Controlling these parameters with the increased level of sensitivity is provided by modulation using the band edge region. A preferred embodiment method of the invention uses a periodic optical structure (i.e., a grating) on top of an optical waveguide structure. The combination of the periodic structure and the optical waveguide is designed so that the reflection and/or transmission of the guided wave have broad pass bands with narrow transition bands. The optical structure is exposed to an incident laser radiation with wavelength in one of the transition bands. Modulation of the incident laser radiation is controlled by the change in refractive index or absorption in the optical guided wave structure produced by the modulation voltage. The incident radiation is in transition band, instead of the center portion of the pass band. A preferred method for designing a suitable periodic optical structure having broad pass bands with narrow transition bands uses a high coupling coefficient between the periodic structure and the optical waveguide mode. Increasing the product of the coupling coefficient and the length of the grating narrows the transition region band and increases sensitivity of the modulation.

Abstract translation: 在带边缘区域中，光波的透射和反射可以对辐射波长的变化，调制器材料折射率的变化和/或材料吸收的变化非常敏感。 通过使用带边缘区域的调制来提供以增加灵敏度水平来控制这些参数。 本发明的优选实施例方法在光波导结构的顶部上使用周期性光学结构（即光栅）。 周期性结构和光波导的组合被设计成使得导波的反射和/或透射具有宽的通过带，具有窄的过渡带。 光学结构暴露于波长在一个过渡带中的入射激光辐射。 通过由调制电压产生的光波导结构中的折射率或吸收的变化来控制入射激光辐射的调制。 入射辐射处于过渡带，而不是通带的中心部分。 用于设计具有窄过渡带的宽通带的合适周期性光学结构的优选方法使用周期性结构和光波导模式之间的高耦合系数。 增加耦合系数和光栅长度的乘积使过渡区带变窄，增加了调制的灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US20030228088A1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-11

申请号：US10165087

申请日：2002-06-07

Applicant: Fujitsu Limited

Inventor： Kuo-Chuan Liu

IPC: G02B006/35 ,  G02F001/295

CPC classification number: G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/0316 ,  G02F2201/04 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: An electro-optical switch is provided, that includes: a single mode optical waveguide having a thin ferroelectric oxide film for propagating a single mode of light; a coupler adjoining the single mode optical waveguide for coupling a part of the single mode of light from an optical fiber to the single mode optical waveguide; an electrically formed lens in the single mode optical waveguide for collimating the single mode of light from the coupler; and a switching module comprising another electrically formed lens in the single mode optical waveguide, for switching the single mode of light.

Abstract translation: 提供一种电光开关，其包括：具有用于传播单模光的薄铁电氧化膜的单模光波导; 邻接单模光波导的耦合器，将来自光纤的单模光的一部分耦合到单模光波导; 在单模光波导中用于校准来自耦合器的单模光的电成像透镜; 以及包括在单模光波导中的另一电形成透镜的开关模块，用于切换单模光。

公开(公告)号：US20030152358A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-14

申请号：US10337348

申请日：2003-01-07

Inventor： Pal Ormos ,  Andras Der ,  Elmar Klaus Wolff ,  Jeremy J. Ramsden

IPC: G02F001/295 ,  G02B006/34

CPC classification number: G02F1/0126 ,  G02F1/011 ,  G02F1/0118 ,  G02F1/31 ,  G02F3/00 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  G02F2202/02 ,  G02F2202/13 ,  G02F2202/14

Abstract: A fully light-controllable integrated optical switch applicable in a slab geometry configuration includes a waveguide and an ad-medium in contact with the waveguide. The the ad-medium comprises a photochromic protein as a material of non-linear optical property, wherein switching of a light propagating in the waveguide is effected by a change of an optical property of the ad-medium caused by a light-induced transition of the photochromic protein from one defined molecular state to another.

Abstract translation: 适用于平板几何结构的完全可光控制的集成光学开关包括与波导接触的波导和介质。 该培养基包含光致变色蛋白作为非线性光学性质的材料，其中在波导中传播的光的切换通过由光诱导的转变引起的介质的光学特性的变化来实现 光致变色蛋白从一个定义的分子状态到另一个。

公开(公告)号：US20020097945A1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-25

申请号：US09962517

申请日：2001-09-25

Applicant: The Regents of the University of California

Inventor： William S.C. Chang ,  Paul K.L. Yu

IPC: G02F001/035 ,  G02F001/295

CPC classification number: G02F1/011 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/065 ,  G02F2001/0157 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: In the band edge region, transmission and reflection of an optical wave can be made very sensitive to the change in radiation wavelength, a change in the modulator material refractive index, and/or a change in the material absorption. Controlling these parameters with the increased level of sensitivity is provided by modulation using the band edge region. A preferred embodiment method of the invention uses a periodic optical structure (i.e., a grating) on top of an optical waveguide structure. The combination of the periodic structure and the optical waveguide is designed so that the reflection and/or transmission of the guided wave have broad pass bands with narrow transition bands. The optical structure is exposed to an incident laser radiation with wavelength in one of the transition bands. Modulation of the incident laser radiation is controlled by the change in refractive index or absorption in the optical guided wave structure produced by the modulation voltage. The incident radiation is in transition band, instead of the center portion of the pass band. A preferred method for designing a suitable periodic optical structure having broad pass bands with narrow transition bands uses a high coupling coefficient between the periodic structure and the optical waveguide mode. Increasing the product of the coupling coefficient and the length of the grating narrows the transition region band and increases sensitivity of the modulation.

Abstract translation: 在带边缘区域中，光波的透射和反射可以对辐射波长的变化，调制器材料折射率的变化和/或材料吸收的变化非常敏感。 通过使用带边缘区域的调制来提供以增加灵敏度水平来控制这些参数。 本发明的优选实施例方法在光波导结构的顶部上使用周期性光学结构（即光栅）。 周期性结构和光波导的组合被设计成使得导波的反射和/或透射具有宽的通过带，具有窄的过渡带。 光学结构暴露于波长在一个过渡带中的入射激光辐射。 通过由调制电压产生的光波导结构中的折射率或吸收的变化来控制入射激光辐射的调制。 入射辐射处于过渡带，而不是通带的中心部分。 用于设计具有窄过渡带的宽通带的合适周期性光学结构的优选方法使用周期性结构和光波导模式之间的高耦合系数。 增加耦合系数和光栅长度的乘积使过渡区带变窄，增加了调制的灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US06393185B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-21

申请号：US09433830

申请日：1999-11-03

Applicant: David A. G. Deacon

Inventor： David A. G. Deacon

IPC: G02B626

CPC classification number: G02B6/4206 ,  G02B6/12004 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/1228 ,  G02B6/30 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B2006/12102 ,  G02B2006/12119 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  G02F2203/15 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/4025 ,  H01S5/4087

Abstract: An asymmetric waveguide pair (1440) with a differential thermal response has an optical coupling frequency that may be thermo-optically tuned. Tuning may also be accomplished by applying an electric field (1445) across a liquid crystal portion (1442) of the waveguide structure. The waveguide pair may include a grating and be used as a frequency selective coupler for an optical resonator. The differential waveguide pair may also be used as a temperature or electric field sensor, or it may be used in a waveguide array to adjust a phase relationship, e.g. in an arrayed waveguide grating.

Abstract translation: 具有差分热响应的不对称波导对（1440）具有可以被热光学调谐的光耦合频率。 也可以通过在波导结构的液晶部分（1442）上施加电场（1445）来实现调谐。 波导对可以包括光栅并且被用作用于光学谐振器的频率选择耦合器。 差分波导对还可以用作温度或电场传感器，或者它可以用在波导阵列中以调节相位关系，例如， 在阵列波导光栅中。

公开(公告)号：US06320990B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-20

申请号：US09518054

申请日：2000-03-02

Applicant: De-Gui Sun

Inventor： De-Gui Sun

IPC: G02F1295

CPC classification number: G02F1/065 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: A high-performance electro-optic intensity modulator using two polymeric waveguides having a high extinction-ratio modulation process is implemented by the coupling-out effect of induced grating modulation. The two waveguides can be either single-mode or multi-mode, even highly multimode. The inducing of a modulated grating-coupler in a waveguide channel makes the coupling between two waveguides become unidirectional and the coupling efficiency can be achieved to a very high value in theory. The two waveguide channels in this intensity modulator may have large dimensions, so the device can support either single-mod or multi-mode operation. The electro-optic waveguide intensity modulator may be used either as a single optical modulator/switch or as a waveguide modulator/switch array for fiber-optic communication.

Abstract translation: 使用具有高消光比调制过程的两个聚合物波导的高性能电光强度调制器通过感应光栅调制的耦合效应来实现。 这两个波导可以是单模或多模，甚至高度多模。 在波导通道中诱导调制的光栅耦合器使得两个波导之间的耦合变得单向，并且理论上可以实现非常高的耦合效率。 该强度调制器中的两个波导通道可能具有较大的尺寸，因此该器件可支持单模或多模式操作。 电光波导强度调制器可以用作单个光学调制器/开关或用作光纤通信的波导调制器/开关阵列。

公开(公告)号：US06233378B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-15

申请号：US09570712

申请日：2000-05-15

Applicant: De-Gui Sun

Inventor： De-Gui Sun

IPC: G02B626

CPC classification number: G02F1/3132 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: An optical waveguide switch using two unidirectional waveguide couplers with coupling gratings is provided. Each unidirectional waveguide coupler compromises two waveguide channels and a coupling grating along one waveguide channel. Two such waveguide couplers with coupling gratings are positioned on a substrate to form a symmetric couple-pair. An optical signal launched into the input port of the first coupler may exit from the output port of the second coupler. A modulating electrode is used to eliminate the coupling gratings on the two couplers, and the optical signal launched into the input port of the first coupler exits from its own output port. Similarily, this process can also be performed for an optical signal launched into the second coupler. Thus an effective 2×2 switching performance is implemented with this structure. M×N switching performance may also be implemented with several 2×2 waveguide switches.

Abstract translation: 提供了使用具有耦合光栅的两个单向波导耦合器的光波导开关。 每个单向波导耦合器损害两个波导通道和沿一个波导通道的耦合光栅。 具有耦合光栅的两个这样的波导耦合器定位在衬底上以形成对称的耦合对。 发射到第一耦合器的输入端口的光信号可以从第二耦合器的输出端口离开。 调制电极用于消除两个耦合器上的耦合光栅，并且发射到第一耦合器的输入端口的光信号从其自身的输出端口出发。 类似地，也可以对发射到第二耦合器的光信号执行该处理。 因此，利用该结构实现了有效的2x2切换性能。 MxN开关性能也可以用几个2x2波导开关实现。

公开(公告)号：US5963688A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-05

申请号：US28042

申请日：1998-02-23

Applicant: Domenico Campi ,  Claudio Coriasso ,  Luca Faustini ,  Alessandro Stano

Inventor： Domenico Campi ,  Claudio Coriasso ,  Luca Faustini ,  Alessandro Stano

IPC: G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/35 ,  G02B6/26

CPC classification number: G02F1/3521 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: An integrated optics non linear coupler presents on a surface a first and a second waveguide (2, 3) coupled contradirectionally by means of a distributed feedback grating (10). The first waveguide (2) defines an input port (4) and a first output port (5) of the device (transmission output) and the second waveguide (3) defines a second output port (6) of the device (reflection output). By means of an optical control signal injected into the device together with an information signal, the device can be brought to conditions of non-linear operation, thus making the grating (10) switch from transmitting to reflecting behaviour or vice versa with respect to a given wavelength.

Abstract translation: 集成光学非线性耦合器在表面上呈现通过分布式反馈光栅（10）反向耦合的第一和第二波导（2,3）。 第一波导（2）限定了装置的输入端口（4）和第一输出端口（5），第二波导管（3）限定了装置的第二输出端口（反射输出端） 。 通过与信息信号一起注入到设备中的光学控制信号，该装置可以被带到非线性操作的状态，从而使得光栅（10）相对于一个 给定波长。

公开(公告)号：US5835643A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-10

申请号：US714362

申请日：1996-09-16

Applicant: Shinji Fukumoto ,  Naoki Nishida

Inventor： Shinji Fukumoto ,  Naoki Nishida

IPC: G02F1/33 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/335

CPC classification number: G02F1/335 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: A waveguide input/output device for input and output of laser light L into a thin-film waveguide 2 via an input grating or prism 7 and an output or emission grating 8. The height of the emission grating 8 is gradually increased in a travel direction of a light advancing through the waveguide and either the height of the input grating 7 or the height of the output grating 8 is gradually increased in the direction of propagation of the service elastic waves in the waveguide 3 generated by a transducer element 3.

Abstract translation: 用于经由输入光栅或棱镜7以及输出或发射光栅8将激光L输入和输出到薄膜波导2中的波导输入/输出装置。发射光栅8的高度在行进方向上逐渐增加 通过波导推进的光，并且输入光栅7的高度或输出光栅8的高度在由换能器元件3产生的波导管3中的使用弹性波的传播方向上逐渐增加。

公开(公告)号：US5412743A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-02

申请号：US163206

申请日：1993-12-06

Applicant: John C. Brazas, Jr.

Inventor： John C. Brazas, Jr.

IPC: G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G02F1/011 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: Apparatus and method for amplitude modulation of laser light by means of an electro-optic waveguide having a grating coupler, the length of the grating being short relative to the coupling length and to the waist of the incident laser beam.

Abstract translation: 通过具有光栅耦合器的电光波导对激光进行幅度调制的装置和方法，光栅的长度相对于入射激光束的耦合长度和腰部短。