公开(公告)号：US4893052A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-09

申请号：US3325

申请日：1987-01-14

Applicant: Hideo Tanabe ,  Mamoru Tsuzurahara

Inventor： Hideo Tanabe ,  Mamoru Tsuzurahara

IPC: H01J1/13 ,  H01J1/14 ,  H01J1/28

CPC classification number: H01J1/28

Abstract: A cathode structure comprises a substrate including a porous sinter of a metal having a high melting point, which is impregnated with electron emitting material, a metal cup for receiving the substrate, a layer of solder disposed between the substrate and the metal cup, a covering layer disposed between the substrate and the solder layer and made of a metal having a melting point higher than that of the solder, a metal sleeve for supporting the metal cup, and a heater.

Abstract translation: 阴极结构包括：基底，其包括浸渍有电子发射材料的具有高熔点金属的多孔烧结体，用于接收基底的金属杯，设置在基底和金属杯之间的焊料层，覆盖物 层，其设置在基板和焊料层之间，并且由熔点高于焊料的金属制成，用于支撑金属杯的金属套和加热器。

公开(公告)号：US4803397A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-07

申请号：US83146

申请日：1987-08-10

Applicant: Hinrich Heynisch ,  Josef Hauser ,  Erwin Hubner, deceased

Inventor： Hinrich Heynisch ,  Josef Hauser ,  Erwin Hubner, deceased

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J23/04 ,  H01J19/22

CPC classification number: H01J23/04 ,  H01J1/28

Abstract: A dispenser cathode such as a metal capillary cathode for electrical discharge devices which has a hollow cylindrical head portion 1 which carries a porous emission wafer 3 of a refractive material at its upper end and covers a cathode cartridge 2 which contains an active material supply 4 and comprises an epoxy helical heater 5 surrounded by a metal sleeve 6. Two part division of the structure allows separate testing possibility of the emission wafer and the heater/supply cartridge and also allows an improvement in the heat transmission from the heater to the emission wafer. For this purpose, a hollow cylindrical head portion 1 is conically-shaped and expands outwardly toward the cathode cartridge 2 and the upper part of the cathode cartridge 2 is conically tapered so as to mate with the hollow cylindrical head portion and the two portions are connected together wherein their conical side walls are attached by welding in the upper portion of the drawn up metal sleeve. The dispenser cathode can be used in travelling wave tubes for example.

Abstract translation: 分配器阴极，例如用于放电装置的金属毛细管阴极，其具有中空的圆柱形头部1，其在其上端承载折射材料的多孔发射晶片3并且覆盖包含活性材料供应4的阴极盒2和 包括由金属套筒6围绕的环氧螺旋加热器5.结构的两部分分割允许发射晶片和加热器/供应盒的单独的测试可能性，并且还允许改进从加热器到发射晶片的热传递。 为此，中空的圆柱形头部1是圆锥形的并且朝向阴极筒2向外扩张，并且阴极筒2的上部是锥形的，以便与中空圆柱形头部配合，并且两个部分连接 一起，其中其锥形侧壁通过焊接附接在拉伸的金属套筒的上部。 分配器阴极可以用于例如行波管中。

公开(公告)号：US4547694A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-15

申请号：US441183

申请日：1982-11-12

Applicant: Erich E. Himmelbauer

Inventor： Erich E. Himmelbauer

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01J29/04 ,  H01J29/48 ,  H01J31/38

CPC classification number: H01J29/04 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J29/485 ,  H01J9/04

Abstract: By providing the cathode, in a diode electron gun in a television camera tube, with an at least 40 .mu.m high collar extending in the direction of the anode, the anode current is considerably reduced.

Abstract translation: 通过在电视摄像机管中的二极管电子枪中提供阴极，其具有沿阳极​​方向延伸的至少40μm的高环，阳极电流显着降低。

公开(公告)号：US4379979A

公开(公告)日：1983-04-12

申请号：US232444

申请日：1981-02-06

Applicant: Richard E. Thomas ,  Richard F. Greene

Inventor： Richard E. Thomas ,  Richard F. Greene

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/14 ,  H01J19/06 ,  H01K1/04

CPC classification number: H01J1/28 ,  Y10T428/12361

Abstract: A controlled porosity sheet defining a surface for a thermionic dispenser thode and a method of manufacture. Starting with a generally flat silicon template substrate structure having an array of upstanding microposts 1-25 microns across on 5-100 micron spacings from each other, a layer of metal is deposited on the substrate to surround the microposts and cover the substrate structure to a desired depth. The metal layer is then abraded to a smooth, flat surface which exposes the microposts. Thereafter, the silicon substrate and microposts are completely etched away, leaving a metal sheet having micron-size holes therethrough.

Abstract translation: 限定用于热离子分配器阴极的表面的受控孔隙率片和制造方法。 从通常平坦的硅模板衬底结构开始，其具有彼此在5-100微米间隔上1-25微米的直立微孔阵列，在衬底上沉积金属层以围绕微孔并将衬底结构覆盖到 所需深度 然后将金属层磨成平滑的平坦表面，露出微孔。 此后，硅衬底和微孔被完全蚀刻掉，留下一个具有微米级孔的金属片。

公开(公告)号：US4371809A

公开(公告)日：1983-02-01

申请号：US161183

申请日：1980-06-19

Applicant: Richard E. Thomas ,  George A. Haas ,  Richard F. Greene

Inventor： Richard E. Thomas ,  George A. Haas ,  Richard F. Greene

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J29/46 ,  H01J19/42

CPC classification number: H01J1/28

Abstract: In a controlled-porosity dispenser cathode of the type which has a foil w a plurality of holes covering the emitting material so that emitting material is dispensed through the holes to the electron-emitting surface of the foil and electrons are actually emitted through the holes and a small area surrounding each hole, a non-emitting shadow grid is laid down on the surface of the foil in such a configuration that it does not obstruct any of the emitting holes, has the same shape as the control grid, and is substantially in precise registration with the control grid.

Abstract translation: 在具有覆盖发射材料的多个孔的箔的受控孔隙分配器阴极中，使得发射材料通过孔分配到箔的电子发射表面，电子实际上通过孔发射， 围绕每个孔的小区域，不发射阴影栅格以这样的构造放置在箔的表面上，使得其不阻挡任何发射孔，具有与控制栅格相同的形状，并且基本上在 与控制网格精确配准。

公开(公告)号：US4310603A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-12

申请号：US75349

申请日：1979-09-13

Applicant: Louis R. Falce

Inventor： Louis R. Falce

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01J19/06

CPC classification number: H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/04 ,  Y10T428/12361

Abstract: A dispenser cathode is fabricated by covering a reservoir of electron emitting material with a perforated metal foil having an appropriate pattern of pore-sized apertures thereon for providing uniform electron emission from the cathode surface. The electron emitting material is in the form of a pellet of barium oxide impregnated with a wax or resinous material to minimize chemical reduction of the barium oxide in air. The impregnated barium oxide pellet is sandwiched between the apertured foil and a support structure to which the foil is welded. During tube bake-out or subsequently during cathode activation, the wax or resinous material evaporates and barium oxide migrates through the apertures to cover the surface of the foil in a uniform manner. The desired pattern of apertures in the foil is achieved by photolithography, or by forming the foil (e.g., by chemical vapor deposition, sputter deposition, evaporation, or sintering) on a substrate containing an array of protruding posts. With the photolithographic technique, the desired pattern of apertures is chemically etched directly on the foil; and with the technique in which the foil is formed on a substrate having an array of posts, the substrate with its protruding posts is removed by chemical etching after the foil has been formed. With either technique for forming the apertures, a shadow grid can also be formed as an integral part of the cathode surface by depositing a layer of reactive material such as zirconium or graphite on a selected portion of the cathode surface. This layer of reactive material prevents the formation of an emitting layer of barium oxide on a selected pattern on the cathode surface.

Abstract translation: 分配器阴极通过用具有孔尺寸孔的合适图案的穿孔金属箔覆盖电子发射材料的储存器来制造，用于提供从阴极表面均匀的电子发射。 电子发射材料是浸渍有蜡或树脂材料的氧化钡颗粒的形式，以使氧化钡在空气中的化学还原最小化。 浸渍的氧化钡颗粒被夹在有孔箔和箔被焊接到的支撑结构之间。 在管烘烤或随后在阴极活化期间，蜡或树脂材料蒸发并且氧化钡通过孔径迁移以以均匀的方式覆盖箔的表面。 通过光刻法或通过在包含突出柱的阵列的基底上形成箔（例如，通过化学气相沉积，溅射沉积，蒸发或烧结）来实现箔中期望的孔的图案。 利用光刻技术，将所需的孔径图案直接化学蚀刻在箔上; 并且通过在具有柱阵列的基板上形成箔的技术，在形成箔之后，通过化学蚀刻去除具有其突出柱的基板。 通过用于形成孔的任一技术，也可以通过在阴极表面的选定部分上沉积一层反应性材料（例如锆或石墨），将阴影网格形成为阴极表面的整体部分。 这种反应性材料层防止在阴极表面上的选定图案上形成氧化钡的发光层。

公开(公告)号：US4218633A

公开(公告)日：1980-08-19

申请号：US953391

申请日：1978-10-23

Applicant: Michael J. Mirtich, Jr. ,  James S. Sovey ,  Robert F. Roman

Inventor： Michael J. Mirtich, Jr. ,  James S. Sovey ,  Robert F. Roman

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J27/14 ,  H01J17/26

CPC classification number: H01J1/28 ,  H01J27/14

Abstract: A source of hydrogen ions is disclosed and includes a chamber having at one end a cathode which provides electrons and through which hydrogen gas flows into the chamber. Screen and accelerator grids are provided at the other end of the chamber. A baffle plate is disposed between the cathode and the grids and a cylindrical baffle is disposed coaxially with the cathode at the one end of the chamber. The cylindrical baffle is of greater diameter than the baffle plate to provide discharge impedance and also to protect the cathode from ion flux. An anode electrode draws the electrons away from the cathode.The hollow cathode includes a tubular insert of tungsten impregnated with a low work function material to provide ample electrons. A heater is provided around the hollow cathode to initiate electron emission from the low work function material.

Abstract translation: 公开了氢离子源，并且包括一个室，其一端具有提供电子的阴极，氢气通过该气体流入该室。 屏幕和加速器栅格设置在腔室的另一端。 挡板设置在阴极和栅格之间，圆柱形挡板与腔室一端的阴极同轴设置。 圆柱形挡板具有比挡板更大的直径以提供放电阻抗并且还用于保护阴极免受离子通量的影响。 阳极电极将电子从阴极拉出。 空心阴极包括浸渍有低功函数材料的钨的管状插入物，以提供充足的电子。 围绕中空阴极设置加热器以从低功函数材料引发电子发射。

公开(公告)号：US4165473A

公开(公告)日：1979-08-21

申请号：US800837

申请日：1977-05-27

Applicant: Louis R. Falce

Inventor： Louis R. Falce

IPC: H01J23/06 ,  H01J1/14 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J23/04

CPC classification number: H01J23/04 ,  H01J1/28

Abstract: The performance of microwave tubes at very high frequencies is limited by the ability of their thermionic cathodes to provide high emission current density in combination with long life and low evaporation of active material. An improved tube uses a cathode comprising a porous metal matrix consisting of a compacted mixture of tungsten and iridium particles, impregnated with a molten barium aluminate. Other alkaline earth oxides may be used as additives. The impregnated cathode outgasses easily and has a long life because it is not dependent on thin surface films. Thermionic emission is improved compared to a tungsten matrix, and barium evporation is reduced. The combination of power and frequency obtainable from the microwave tube is thereby significantly increased.

Abstract translation: 微波管在非常高的频率下的性能受到其热离子阴极提供高发射电流密度与活性材料的长寿命和低蒸发结合的能力的限制。 改进的管使用包含由熔融的铝酸钡浸渍的钨和铱颗粒的压实混合物组成的多孔金属基质的阴极。 其他碱土金属氧化物可用作添加剂。 浸渍的阴极容易脱气，寿命长，因为它不依赖于薄的表面膜。 与钨基体相比，热离子发射得到改善，钡的迁移减少。 从微波管获得的功率和频率的组合因此显着增加。

公开(公告)号：US3922428A

公开(公告)日：1975-11-25

申请号：US22353972

申请日：1972-02-04

Applicant: SPECTRA MAT INC

Inventor： CRONIN LEO J

IPC: H01J1/14 ,  H01J1/28

CPC classification number: H01J1/14 ,  H01J1/28 ,  Y10T428/12042

Abstract: A cathode is disclosed utilizing an emission material of barium oxide, calcium oxide and samarium oxide.

Abstract translation: 公开了利用氧化钡，氧化钙和氧化钐的发射材料的阴极。

公开(公告)号：US3842309A

公开(公告)日：1974-10-15

申请号：US31086472

申请日：1972-11-30

Applicant: PHILIPS CORP

Inventor： VAN STRATUM A ,  VEREST F ,  PARCHEN W

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01J1/14 ,  H01J19/06

CPC classification number: H01J9/042 ,  H01J1/28

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a storage cathode comprising the steps of forming a first layer of electron emissive material in a holder, said layer comprising a loose mixture of coarse and fine granulated particles of electron emissive material, depositing on said first layer a second layer consisting essentially of loose tungsten particles and compressing said layer in the holder at the sintering temperature below the fusion temperature of the electron emissive material to sinter the second layer and form a unitary body of the layer in the holder.

Abstract translation: 一种制造存储阴极的方法，包括以下步骤：在保持器中形成电子发射材料的第一层，所述层包括电子发射材料的粗细颗粒和细颗粒的松散混合物，在所述第一层上沉积基本上包含的第二层 的松散的钨颗粒，并且在低于电子发射材料的熔化温度的烧结温度下将所述保持器中的所述层压缩以烧结第二层并在保持器中形成该层的整体。