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    Process for the production of nitrobenzene by adiabatic nitration
    121.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of nitrobenzene by adiabatic nitration 有权
    通过绝热硝化生产硝基苯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US09284256B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-03-15

    申请号：US14415794

    申请日：2013-07-23

    Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AG

    Inventor： Thomas Knauf ,  Michael Merkel

    IPC: C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16

    CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/06

    Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous process for the production of nitrobenzene by nitration of benzene with mixtures of sulfuric and nitric acid using a stoichiometric excess of benzene, in which the content of aliphatic organic compounds in the feed benzene during the start-up period of the production plant is always maintained at less than 1.5 wt. %, based on the total mass of the feed benzene. This is achieved either by mixing the feed benzene comprising recycled unreacted benzene (recycled benzene) and benzene newly supplied to the reaction (fresh benzene) in appropriate quantitative ratios during the start-up period, depending on the purity of the two streams, or by completely omitting the recycling of unreacted benzene during the start-up period, i.e. the feed benzene consists only of benzene newly supplied to the reaction.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种使用化学计量过量的苯硝化苯与硫酸和硝酸的混合物来生产硝基苯的连续方法，其中在起始时期的进料苯中的脂族有机化合物的含量 生产厂总是维持在1.5重量％以下。 ％，基于进料苯的总质量。 这可以通过在启动期间将包含再循环的未反应苯（再循环苯）和新提供给反应的苯（新鲜苯）的进料苯与合适的定量比例混合，取决于两个流的纯度，或者通过 在启动期间完全省略未反应苯的再循环，即进料苯仅由新提供给反应的苯组成。

    Process for scrubbing dinitrotoluene
    122.
    发明授权
    Process for scrubbing dinitrotoluene 有权
    洗涤二硝基甲苯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US09249083B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-02-02

    申请号：US13870506

    申请日：2013-04-25

    Applicant: BASF SE

    Inventor： Samuel Neto ,  Ruediger Fritz ,  Renate Hempel ,  Holger Allardt ,  Barbara Becker ,  Julia Leschinski ,  Sebastian Ahrens ,  Heinrich Hermann ,  Mirko Haendel ,  Juergen Poehlmann

    IPC: C07C205/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C201/06

    CPC classification number: C07C205/06 ,  C07C201/06

    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for scrubbing a crude mixture comprising dinitrotoluene, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides and sulfuric acid obtained in the nitration of toluene after the nitrating acid has been separated off, which comprises two scrubbing steps (SS-I) and (SS-II), wherein i) in a first scrubbing step (SS-I), the crude mixture is extracted with a scrubbing acid I comprising nitric acid, nitrogen oxides and sulfuric acid in a scrub comprising at least one extraction stage, where the scrubbing acid discharged from the first extraction stage (SS-I-1) of the first scrubbing step (SS-I) has a total acid content of from 20 to 40% by weight and a prescrubbed crude mixture is obtained, ii) in a second scrubbing step (SS-II), the prescrubbed crude mixture comprising dinitrotoluene is extracted with a scrubbing acid II in a scrub comprising at least one extraction stage, where the scrubbing acid discharged from the first extraction stage (SS-II-1) of the second scrubbing step (SS-II) has a pH of less than or equal to 4 and a mixture comprising dinitrotoluene which is essentially free of nitric acid, sulfuric acid and nitrogen oxides is obtained.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种在分离出硝化酸后，除去包含二硝基甲苯，硝酸，氮氧化物和硫酸在硝化硝酸中得到的粗混合物的方法，该方法包括两个洗涤步骤（SS-I）和（SS -II），其中i）在第一洗涤步骤（SS-1）中，粗制混合物用包含硝酸，氮氧化物和硫酸的洗涤酸I在包含至少一个萃取阶段的洗涤中萃取，其中洗涤 从第一洗涤步骤（SS-I）的第一提取阶段（SS-I-1）排出的酸的总酸含量为20至40重量％，得到预混合的粗混合物，ii）在第二次 洗涤步骤（SS-II），包含二硝基甲苯的预先混合的粗混合物在洗涤中用擦洗酸II萃取，其包含至少一个提取阶段，其中从第一提取阶段（SS-II-1）排出的洗涤酸 第二洗涤步骤（SS- II）具有小于或等于4的pH，并且获得基本上不含硝酸，硫酸和氮氧化物的二硝基甲苯的混合物。

    Preparation process for aromatic mononitro compounds
    123.
    发明授权
    Preparation process for aromatic mononitro compounds 失效
    芳香族单硝基化合物的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US5763687A

    公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

    申请号：US763146

    申请日：1996-12-10

    Applicant: Jyoji Morisaki ,  Masaaki Iijima ,  Kouki Oogaki ,  Hiroaki Matsuno ,  Takashi Yamaguchi ,  Katsuharu Miyata

    Inventor： Jyoji Morisaki ,  Masaaki Iijima ,  Kouki Oogaki ,  Hiroaki Matsuno ,  Takashi Yamaguchi ,  Katsuharu Miyata

    IPC: B01J19/24 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/00 ,  C07C201/00

    CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J2219/00186

    Abstract: An improved preparation process for an aromatic mononitro compound comprising reacting an aromatic compound with mixed acid consisting of nitric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid and water, wherein these flow to react with each other in a reactor comprising a tube inside of which more than one twisted tabular members are aligned in sequence in a manner that a front margin of a twisted tabular member is substantially perpendicular to an back margin of the preceding member, can resolve a number of problems such as an inadequate mixing efficiency, reduction of a reaction rate, associated voluminal increase/complication of a reactor and difficulty in securing safety as well as provide the aromatic mononitro compound with minimal amount of by-products in a considerably short period.

    Abstract translation: 一种改进的芳族单硝基化合物的制备方法，包括使芳族化合物与硝酸，硫酸或磷酸和水组成的混合酸反应，其中这些流动在包含管内的多个反应器的反应器中彼此反应 扭曲的平板状构件按照使得扭曲的平板状构件的前缘基本上垂直于前一构件的后缘的方式顺序排列，可以解决许多问题，例如不充分的混合效率，降低反应速率， 相关的体积增加/反应器的并发症和难以确保安全性，以及在相当短的时间内提供芳香族单硝基化合物与最少量的副产物。

    Bromination
    130.
    发明授权
    Bromination 失效
    烧伤

    公开(公告)号：US5092971A

    公开(公告)日：1992-03-03

    申请号：US326109

    申请日：1989-03-20

    Applicant: Philip J. Turner ,  Martin Jeff

    Inventor： Philip J. Turner ,  Martin Jeff

    IPC: B01J19/12 ,  C07B39/00 ,  C07C17/00 ,  C07C17/14 ,  C07C22/04 ,  C07C25/02 ,  C07C25/13 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C201/14 ,  C07C205/11 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C303/22 ,  C07C309/30

    CPC classification number: C07B39/00 ,  C07C201/12

    Abstract: Selective bromination of alkylarenes to the alpha monobrominated derivative is desirable as a precursor for the selective production of, for example, the corresponding alcohols. The product can be obtained by a photolytic reaction between the substrate, hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen bromide in approximately equimolar ratios in an organic solvent, but improvement in the yield of the product coupled with similar or improved selectivity in its production was either not achieved or was actually impaired by a range of variations in the ratios and by omitting the solvent.The invention employs mole ratios of H.sub.2 O.sub.2 :substrate of 0.1:1 to 0.4:1, preferably 0.2:1 to 0.33:1 and of H.sub.2 O.sub.2 :bromide of 1:1.2 to 1:2, preferably about 1:1.3 to 1:1.8 and progressive introduction of the H.sub.2 O.sub.2, either in the presence or absence of the solvent, while irradiating with light preferably having principal emissions in the range of 250 to 600 nm, and the process thereby achieves either or both of improved yield and improved selectivity of the alpha monobrominated product. The reaction mixture is preferably maintained at 50.degree. to 70.degree. C. The process is especially suitable for deactivated alkylarenes, such as o-nitrotoluene.

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