公开(公告)号：US20050218911A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-06

申请号：US10818863

申请日：2004-04-06

Applicant: Timothy Denison

Inventor： Timothy Denison

IPC: G01D5/241 ,  G01L1/14 ,  G01L9/00 ,  G01L9/12 ,  G01P15/125 ,  G01P15/13 ,  G01R27/26

CPC classification number: G01P15/131 ,  G01D5/2417 ,  G01L1/144 ,  G01L9/12 ,  G01P15/125

Abstract: A method for enhancing the linearity of a differential capacitive sensor as a function of beam displacement. An ac-modulated feedback connection from a sensor output terminal to a movable beam electrode is provided through a fix-up capacitor. The output terminal signal is inverted in the feedback connection so that the fix-up capacitor reduces the capacitance from the fixed electrodes to the beam electrode. When the fix-up capacitor value is chosen approximately equal to the fixed capacitance of the differential capacitor, the feedback circuit compensates for the effect of this fixed capacitance. The linearity of the output as a function of the displacement of the beam is improved. Thus, the signal-to-noise ratio of devices such as accelerometers may be increased by allowing sensors to employ a large displacement range. The invention may be used in differential accelerometers and in other types of differential capacitive sensors.

Abstract translation: 一种用于增强差分电容传感器作为光束位移的函数的线性度的方法。 通过固定电容器提供从传感器输出端子到可移动光束电极的交流调制反馈连接。 输出端子信号在反馈连接中反转，使得固定电容器将电容从固定电极减小到光束电极。 当固定电容值被选择为近似等于差分电容器的固定电容时，反馈电路补偿该固定电容的影响。 作为光束位移的函数的输出的线性度得到改善。 因此，可以通过允许传感器采用大的位移范围来增加诸如加速度计之类的装置的信噪比。 本发明可以用于差分加速度计和其他类型的差动电容式传感器。

公开(公告)号：US06752024B2

公开(公告)日：2004-06-22

申请号：US10191090

申请日：2002-07-09

Applicant: Neil R. Davie ,  E. Michael Coffey

Inventor： Neil R. Davie ,  E. Michael Coffey

IPC: G01B716

CPC classification number: F16K37/0041 ,  F16K41/02 ,  G01L1/142 ,  G01L1/144

Abstract: A thin flat disk-like capacitive load sensor of layered sandwich construction having a central opening and a circular outer periphery for installation above a packing follower or beneath the packing follower or packing gland. The load sensor has a thin first and second insulating outer layer between which an inner layer is secured. The inner layer is formed of dielectric material having a known dielectric constant, a first face having at least one thin electrically conductive circular ring surrounding the central opening in coaxial radially spaced relation, and a second face having a thin electrically conductive circular ring surrounding said central opening in coaxial radially spaced relation. The inner and outer layers contain electrical conductors engaged with respective electrically conductive circular rings on the opposed faces that are adapted to be connected with an electrical measurement apparatus. As the inner layer is compressed the spacing between the electrically conductive rings on the opposed faces is decreased such that compressive force on the packing can be measured as a function of the change in capacitance of the sensor. Proper compression of the padding can be achieved by monitoring during installation. Follow-up sampling or continuous measurement of packing compression provides early detection prior to packing failure to allow corrective action.

Abstract translation: 具有中心开口和圆形外周边的层状夹层结构的薄平板状电容式负载传感器，用于安装在填料随动体之下或填料随动体或填料压盖下方。 负载传感器具有薄的第一和第二绝缘外层，在其之间固定有内层。 内层由具有已知介电常数的电介质材料形成，第一面具有至少一个以同轴径向隔开的关系围绕中心开口的薄导电圆环，第二面具有围绕所述中心的薄导电圆环 以同轴径向间隔的关系开口。 内层和外层包含与相对面上相应的导电圆环接合的电导体，其适于与电测量装置连接。 当内层被压缩时，相对面上的导电环之间的间距减小，使得可以测量作为传感器的电容变化的函数的包装上的压缩力。 可以通过在安装过程中进行监控来实现衬垫的正确压缩。 后续采样或连续测量包装压缩在包装失败之前提供早期检测，以允许纠正措施。

公开(公告)号：US20030033886A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-20

申请号：US10191090

申请日：2002-07-09

Inventor： Neil R. Davie ,  E. Michael Coffey

IPC: G01L001/14

CPC classification number: F16K37/0041 ,  F16K41/02 ,  G01L1/142 ,  G01L1/144

Abstract: A thin flat disk-like capacitive load sensor of layered sandwich construction having a central opening and a circular outer periphery for installation above a packing follower or beneath the packing follower or packing gland. The load sensor has a thin first and second insulating outer layer between which an inner layer is secured. The inner layer is formed of dielectric material having a known dielectric constant, a first face having at least one thin electrically conductive circular ring surrounding the central opening in coaxial radially spaced relation, and a second face having a thin electrically conductive circular ring surrounding said central opening in coaxial radially spaced relation. The inner and outer layers contain electrical conductors engaged with respective electrically conductive circular rings on the opposed faces that are adapted to be connected with an electrical measurement apparatus. As the inner layer is compressed the spacing between the electrically conductive rings on the opposed faces is decreased such that compressive force on the packing can be measured as a function of the change in capacitance of the sensor. Proper compression of the packing can be achieved by monitoring during installation. Follow-up sampling or continuous measurement of packing compression provides early detection prior to packing failure to allow corrective action.

Abstract translation: 具有中心开口和圆形外周边的层状夹层结构的薄平板状电容式负载传感器，用于安装在填料随动体之下或填料随动体或填料压盖下方。 负载传感器具有薄的第一和第二绝缘外层，在其之间固定有内层。 内层由具有已知介电常数的电介质材料形成，第一面具有至少一个以同轴径向隔开的关系围绕中心开口的薄导电圆环，第二面具有围绕所述中心的薄导电圆环 以同轴径向间隔的关系开口。 内层和外层包含与相对面上相应的导电圆环接合的电导体，其适于与电测量装置连接。 当内层被压缩时，相对面上的导电环之间的间距减小，使得可以测量作为传感器的电容变化的函数的包装上的压缩力。 包装的正确压缩可以通过在安装过程中进行监控来实现。 后续采样或连续测量包装压缩在包装失败之前提供早期检测，以允许纠正措施。

公开(公告)号：US06477903B2

公开(公告)日：2002-11-12

申请号：US09907444

申请日：2001-07-17

Applicant: Kazuhiro Okada

Inventor： Kazuhiro Okada

IPC: G01D700

CPC classification number: G01P15/18 ,  B81B3/0021 ,  B81B2201/0235 ,  G01L1/144 ,  G01L5/165 ,  G01L5/167 ,  G01P1/023 ,  G01P15/0802 ,  G01P15/0922 ,  G01P15/105 ,  G01P15/125 ,  G01P2015/084

Abstract: An electrode layer is formed on the upper surface of a first substrate, and a processing for partially removing the substrate is carried out in order to allow the substrate to have flexibility. To the lower surface of the first substrate, a second substrate is connected. Then, by cutting the second substrate, a working body and a pedestal are formed. On the other hand, a groove is formed on a third substrate. An electrode layer is formed on the bottom surface of the groove. The third substrate is connected to the first substrate so that both the electrodes face to each other with a predetermined spacing therebetween. Finally, the first, second and third substrates are cut off every respective unit regions to form independent sensors, respectively. When an acceleration is exerted on the working body, the first substrate bends. As a result, the distance between both the electrodes changes. Thus, an acceleration exerted is detected by changes in an electrostatic capacitance between both the electrodes.

Abstract translation: 在第一基板的上表面上形成电极层，进行部分除去基板的处理，以使基板具有挠性。 连接到第一基板的下表面，连接第二基板。 然后，通过切割第二基板，形成工作体和基座。 另一方面，在第三基板上形成槽。 在槽的底面上形成电极层。 第三基板连接到第一基板，使得两个电极以彼此之间的预定间隔彼此面对。 最后，第一，第二和第三基板分别切断各个单元区域以分别形成独立的传感器。 当对工作体施加加速度时，第一基板弯曲。 结果，两个电极之间的距离变化。 因此，通过两个电极之间的静电电容的变化来检测施加的加速度。

公开(公告)号：US5726423A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-10

申请号：US756458

申请日：1996-11-26

Applicant: Eugene R. Westerberg ,  John W. O'Neal

Inventor： Eugene R. Westerberg ,  John W. O'Neal

IPC: A47J27/62 ,  A47J37/06 ,  F24C7/06 ,  F24C7/08 ,  G01L1/14 ,  G05D1/08 ,  H05B3/68 ,  A21B2/00

CPC classification number: G01L1/144 ,  A47J27/62 ,  F24C7/06 ,  F24C7/087

Abstract: An oven for cooking with light having wavelengths in the visible, near visible, and infra-red spectral ranges cooks food items for periods that are predetermined for given food items. When prolonged use of the oven increases the oven temperature, a thermistor detects the temperature increases and delivers a signal representing the increase to a microprocessor. The microprocessor is programmed to compensate for increases in the oven temperature by lowering the cooking time for a given food item below the predetermined period. Some of the heated air that accumulates in the oven is withdrawn by an evacuation device.

Abstract translation: 用于在具有可见光，近似可见光和红外光谱范围内的波长的光下烹饪的烤箱可以对于给定食品预定的食物烹饪食品。 当长时间使用烤箱会增加烤箱温度时，热敏电阻检测温度升高，并将表示增加的信号传递给微处理器。 微处理器被编程为通过降低给定食品在预定时间段以下的烹饪时间来补偿烤箱温度的升高。 在烘箱中积聚的一些加热的空气被抽真空装置取出。

公开(公告)号：US5712464A

公开(公告)日：1998-01-27

申请号：US478744

申请日：1995-06-07

Applicant: Eugene Westerberg

Inventor： Eugene Westerberg

IPC: H05B7/22 ,  A47J27/62 ,  A47J37/06 ,  F24C7/04 ,  F24C7/06 ,  F24C7/08 ,  G01L1/14 ,  G05D1/08 ,  H05B3/00 ,  H05B3/10 ,  F27B9/06

CPC classification number: G05D1/0816 ,  A47J27/62 ,  F24C7/06 ,  F24C7/087 ,  G01L1/144 ,  H05B3/0076

Abstract: A lightwave oven cooking method and apparatus using power and pulsed power applied to a plurality of high-power lamps which provide radiant energy in the electromagnetic spectrum and having wavelengths including the visible and near-visible ranges wherein irradiation is applied to the food by applying power to the lamps for a specified period of time without vaporizing all of the surface water on the food, and then applying reduced irradiation to the food to complete the cooking cycle without producing an overly browned surface which inhibits deep penetration of radiation in the near-visible and visible ranges. The reduced power can be at a reduced duty cycle which can be done in a sequence of one or more reducing steps in the duty cycle or a continuous reduction of the duty cycle of the power applied to the lamps. A change in the food temperatures can be sensed to reduce power.

Abstract translation: 一种光波炉烹饪方法和装置，其使用施加到多个高功率灯的功率和脉冲功率，所述多个高功率灯在电磁光谱中提供辐射能并且具有包括可见光和近似可见光范围的波长，其中通过施加照射来照射食物 在指定的时间段内，不蒸发食物上的所有表面水，然后对食物施加减少的照射以完成烹饪周期，而不会产生过度褐变的表面，其抑制近似可见的辐射的深度穿透 和可见范围。 减小的功率可以是减少的占空比，其可以在占空比中的一个或多个减少步骤的序列中进行，或者连续减小施加到灯的功率的占空比。 可以感测到食物温度的变​​化以降低功率。

公开(公告)号：US5710830A

公开(公告)日：1998-01-20

申请号：US574254

申请日：1995-11-30

Applicant: Lee F. Holeva

Inventor： Lee F. Holeva

IPC: H05B7/22 ,  A47J27/62 ,  A47J37/06 ,  F24C7/04 ,  F24C7/06 ,  F24C7/08 ,  G01L1/14 ,  G05D1/08 ,  G06F15/18 ,  G06K9/38 ,  G06N3/00 ,  G06T7/00 ,  H05B3/00 ,  H05B3/10 ,  H04N1/40

CPC classification number: H05B3/0076 ,  F24C7/06 ,  F24C7/087 ,  G01L1/144 ,  G05D1/0816 ,  G06K9/38 ,  G06K2209/01

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing a greyscale input of an image, particularly of a shipping label, into a binary output image in which foreground information is segmented from the background information and contrasts between adjacent regions having different background densities are obliterated is described. A neuron employing a 5.times.5 input neighborhood having a unique neuron activation function is shown. No explicit line process is employed. Output is biased toward a particular one of the output values by employing non-linear feedback as a function of both the grey scale value for the pixel corresponding to the label site being updated and the most recent value of the label site. The otherwise strong contribution from a gradient term in the energy function is suppressed by a shunting inhibition when the shunting inhibition function detects that the pixel lies on or near a boundary between adjacent regions of differing background intensities.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于处理特别是运输标签的图像的灰度输入到二进制输出图像中的方法和装置，其中前景信息从背景信息被分割，并且消除了具有不同背景密度的相邻区域之间的对比度被消除。 示出了使用具有独特神经元激活功能的5×5输入邻域的神经元。 不使用明确的线程。 通过采用非线性反馈作为对应于正被更新的标签位点的像素的灰度值和标签位置的最新值两者的函数，输出偏向特定的一个输出值。 当分流抑制功能检测到像素位于不同背景强度的相邻区域之间的边界上或附近时，通过分流抑制来抑制能量函数中的梯度项的强贡献。

公开(公告)号：US5421213A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-06

申请号：US764159

申请日：1991-09-20

Applicant: Kazuhiro Okada

Inventor： Kazuhiro Okada

IPC: B81B3/00 ,  G01L1/14 ,  G01L5/16 ,  G01P15/08 ,  G01P15/09 ,  G01P15/105 ,  G01P15/125 ,  G01P15/18 ,  G01L3/00

CPC classification number: G01P15/18 ,  G01L1/144 ,  G01L5/165 ,  G01L5/167 ,  G01P15/0802 ,  G01P15/0922 ,  G01P15/105 ,  G01P15/125 ,  G01P2015/084 ,  Y10S73/04 ,  Y10T29/43 ,  Y10T29/49005 ,  Y10T29/49007

Abstract: An electrode layer is formed on the upper surface of a first substrate, and a processing for partially removing the substrate is carried out in order to allow the substrate to have flexibility. To the lower surface of the first substrate, a second substrate is connected. Then, by cutting the second substrate, a working body and a pedestal are formed. On the other hand, a groove is formed on a third substrate. An electrode layer is formed on the bottom surface of the groove. The third substrate is connected to the first substrate so that both the electrodes face to each other with a predetermined spacing therebetween. Finally, the first, second and third substrates are cut off every respective unit regions to form independent sensors, respectively. When an acceleration is exerted on the working body, the first substrate bends. As a result, the distance between both the electrodes changes. Thus, an acceleration exerted is detected by changes in an electrostatic capacitance between both the electrodes.

Abstract translation: 在第一基板的上表面上形成电极层，进行部分除去基板的处理，以使基板具有挠性。 连接到第一基板的下表面，连接第二基板。 然后，通过切割第二基板，形成工作体和基座。 另一方面，在第三基板上形成槽。 在槽的底面上形成电极层。 第三基板连接到第一基板，使得两个电极以彼此之间的预定间隔彼此面对。 最后，第一，第二和第三基板分别切断各个单元区域以分别形成独立的传感器。 当对工作体施加加速度时，第一基板弯曲。 结果，两个电极之间的距离变化。 因此，通过两个电极之间的静电电容的变化来检测施加的加速度。

公开(公告)号：US5289435A

公开(公告)日：1994-02-22

申请号：US915730

申请日：1992-07-27

Applicant: Peter J. Milner ,  Andrew R. Fry

Inventor： Peter J. Milner ,  Andrew R. Fry

IPC: B60T7/20 ,  G01L1/14 ,  G01L5/13 ,  H04R23/00

CPC classification number: B60T7/20 ,  G01L1/144 ,  G01L5/136

Abstract: A capacitive electro-mechanical transducer for responding to both push and pull, for example in a road vehicle drawbar, involves axially spaced flanges (3) on the one force-transmitting member lying on opposite sides of a transverse portion (1) of the other member. The force is transmitted resiliently between the flanges and the portion, and there are capacitor plates (11) between the flanges (3) and the portion (1), so that on relative displacement the capacitance of one set of plates increases and that of the other set decreases. The plates are symmetrically disposed, e.g. of annular form, and they, or the dielectric (13) between them, can be wavy.

Abstract translation: 用于对例如在公路车辆牵引杆中的推动和拉动进行响应的电容式电 - 机械传感器涉及在位于另一个的横向部分（1）的相对侧上的一个力传递部件上的轴向隔开的凸缘（3） 会员。 力在凸缘和部分之间弹性传递，并且在凸缘（3）和部分（1）之间存在电容器板（11），使得在相对位移时，一组板的电容增加， 其他集减少。 板对称地设置，例如 并且它们或它们之间的电介质（13）可以是波浪形的。

公开(公告)号：US4719538A

公开(公告)日：1988-01-12

申请号：US936893

申请日：1986-12-02

Applicant: John D. Cox

Inventor： John D. Cox

IPC: G01D5/241 ,  G01L1/14 ,  G01L5/16 ,  G01L5/22 ,  G01L9/00 ,  G01L9/12

CPC classification number: G01L5/223 ,  G01D5/2417 ,  G01L1/144 ,  G01L5/165 ,  G01L9/0075 ,  G01L9/125

Abstract: A capacitive transducer includes a plurality of first electrodes which, together with at least one second electrode, define a plurality of capacitors having capacitance variable with spacing. An actuator element connected to a plate supporting at least one second electrode angularly deflects the plate. This angular deflection causes the spacing, and thus the capacitance, of electrode sets disposed on opposite sides of the center of the plate to vary in a differential manner.

Abstract translation: 电容换能器包括多个第一电极，其与至少一个第二电极一起限定具有间隔的电容变化的多个电容器。 连接到支撑至少一个第二电极的板的致动器元件使板平滑地偏转。 这种角度偏转导致设置在板的中心的相对侧上的电极组的间距以及因此的电容以差分方式变化。