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    Scanning temporal ultrafast delay and methods and apparatuses therefor
    141.
    发明授权
    Scanning temporal ultrafast delay and methods and apparatuses therefor 失效
    扫描时间超快延迟及其方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08265105B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-09-11

    申请号：US12511204

    申请日：2009-07-29

    Applicant: Gregg D. Sucha ,  Martin E. Fermann ,  Donald J. Harter

    Inventor： Gregg D. Sucha ,  Martin E. Fermann ,  Donald J. Harter

    IPC: H01S3/30

    CPC classification number: H01S3/2383 ,  G01P3/806 ,  G01R13/347 ,  G01S7/484 ,  G01S7/486 ,  G01S7/497 ,  G01S17/107 ,  G01S17/50 ,  H01S3/1398

    Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and apparatuses for performing temporal scanning using ultra-short pulsewidth lasers in which only minimal (micro-scale) mechanical movement is required. The invention also relates to methods for obtaining high-accuracy timing calibration, on the order of femtoseconds. A dual laser system is disclosed in which the cavity of one or more of the lasers is dithered, by using a piezoelectric element. A Fabry-Perot etalon is used to generate a sequence of timing pulses used in conjunction with a laser beam produced by the laser having the dithered laser cavity. A correlator correlates a laser pulse from one of the lasers with the sequence of timing pulses to produce a calibrated time scale. The methods and apparatuses of the present invention are applicable to many applications requiring rapid scanning and time calibration, including, but not limited to metrology, characterization of charge dynamics in semiconductors, electro-optic testing of ultrafast electronic and optoelectronic devices, optical time domain reflectometry, and electro-optic sampling oscilloscopes.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及使用超短脉冲宽度激光器进行时间扫描的方法和装置，其中仅需要最小（微尺度）的机械运动。 本发明还涉及以飞秒级数获得高精度定时校准的方法。 公开了一种双激光系统，其中通过使用压电元件使一个或多个激光器的空腔颤动。 法布里 - 珀罗标准具用于产生与由具有抖动激光腔的激光器产生的激光束结合使用的定时脉冲序列。 相关器将来自激光器之一的激光脉冲与定时脉冲序列相关联，以产生校准的时间标度。 本发明的方法和装置适用于需要快速扫描和时间校准的许多应用，包括但不限于半导体中的电荷动力学的计量学表征，超快电子和光电器件的电光测试，光时域反射计 和电光采样示波器。

    Production of metal and metal-alloy nanoparticles with high repetition rate ultrafast pulsed laser ablation in liquids
    142.
    发明授权
    Production of metal and metal-alloy nanoparticles with high repetition rate ultrafast pulsed laser ablation in liquids 有权
    在液体中生产金属和金属合金纳米粒子，具有高重复率超快脉冲激光烧蚀

    公开(公告)号：US08246714B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-08-21

    申请号：US12320617

    申请日：2009-01-30

    Applicant: Bing Liu ,  Zhendong Hu ,  Makoto Murakami ,  Yong Che

    Inventor： Bing Liu ,  Zhendong Hu ,  Makoto Murakami ,  Yong Che

    IPC: B22F9/02 ,  B22F9/04

    CPC classification number: B02C19/18 ,  B01J13/0043 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B22F1/0022 ,  B22F9/04 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B22F2202/11

    Abstract: Various embodiments include a method of producing chemically pure and stably dispersed metal and metal-alloy nanoparticle colloids with ultrafast pulsed laser ablation. A method comprises irradiating a metal or metal alloy target submerged in a liquid with ultrashort laser pulses at a high repetition rate, cooling a portion of the liquid that includes an irradiated region, and collecting nanoparticles produced with the laser irradiation and liquid cooling. The method may be implemented with a high repetition rate ultrafast pulsed laser source, an optical system for focusing and moving the pulsed laser beams, a metal or metal alloy target submerged in a liquid, and a liquid circulating system to cool the laser focal volume and collect the nanoparticle products. By controlling various laser parameters, and with optional liquid flow movement, the method provides stable colloids of dispersed metal and metal-alloy nanoparticles. In various embodiments additional stabilizing chemical agents are not required.

    Abstract translation: 各种实施方案包括用超快速脉冲激光烧蚀制备化学纯的和稳定分散的金属和金属合金纳米颗粒胶体的方法。 一种方法包括以高重复率以超短激光脉冲辐射淹没在液体中的金属或金属合金靶，冷却包括辐射区域的液体的一部分，以及收集通过激光照射和液体冷却产生的纳米颗粒。 该方法可以用高重复率超快脉冲激光源，用于聚焦和移动脉冲激光束的光学系统，浸没在液体中的金属或金属合金靶和液体循环系统来实现，以冷却激光聚焦体积， 收集纳米颗粒产品。 通过控制各种激光参数，并具有可选的液流运动，该方法提供分散金属和金属合金纳米粒子的稳定胶体。 在各种实施方案中，不需要另外的稳定化学试剂。

    OPTICAL SCANNING AND IMAGING SYSTEMS BASED ON DUAL PULSED LASER SYSTEMS
    145.
    发明申请
    OPTICAL SCANNING AND IMAGING SYSTEMS BASED ON DUAL PULSED LASER SYSTEMS 审中-公开
    基于双脉冲激光系统的光学扫描和成像系统

    公开(公告)号：US20120081694A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-04-05

    申请号：US13316740

    申请日：2011-12-12

    Applicant: Martin E. FERMANN ,  Ingmar HARTL

    Inventor： Martin E. FERMANN ,  Ingmar HARTL

    IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/00 ,  H01S3/13

    CPC classification number: H01S3/10046 ,  G01B9/02001 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N2021/317 ,  G02B6/02304 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/08054 ,  H01S3/1067 ,  H01S3/1068 ,  H01S3/11 ,  H01S3/1115 ,  H01S3/13 ,  H01S3/1307 ,  H01S3/1392 ,  H01S3/1394 ,  H01S3/2383

    Abstract: The invention relates to scanning pulsed laser systems for optical imaging. Coherent dual scanning laser systems (CDSL) are disclosed and some applications thereof. Various alternatives for implementation are illustrated, including highly integrated configurations. In at least one embodiment a coherent dual scanning laser system (CDSL) includes two passively modelocked fiber oscillators. The oscillators are configured to operate at slightly different repetition rates, such that a difference δfr in repetition rates is small compared to the values fr1 and fr2 of the repetition rates of the oscillators. The CDSL system also includes a non-linear frequency conversion section optically connected to each oscillator. The section includes a non-linear optical element generating a frequency converted spectral output having a spectral bandwidth and a frequency comb comprising harmonics of the oscillator repetition rates. A CDSL may be arranged in an imaging system for one or more of optical imaging, microscopy, micro-spectroscopy and/or THz imaging.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于光学成像的扫描脉冲激光系统。 公开了相干双扫描激光系统（CDSL）及其一些应用。 示出了用于实现的各种替代方案，包括高度集成的配置。 在至少一个实施例中，相干双扫描激光系统（CDSL）包括两个被动锁模光纤振荡器。 振荡器被配置为以稍微不同的重复率操作，使得与振荡器的重复率的值fr1和fr2相比，重复率的差δfr小。 CDSL系统还包括与每个振荡器光学连接的非线性频率转换部分。 该部分包括产生具有频谱带宽的频率转换频谱输出和包括振荡器重复频率的谐波的频率梳的非线性光学元件。 可以在成像系统中布置CDSL以用于光学成像，显微镜，微光谱和/或THz成像中的一种或多种。

    Single-polarization high power fiber lasers and amplifiers
    146.
    发明授权
    Single-polarization high power fiber lasers and amplifiers 有权
    单极化大功率光纤激光器和放大器

    公开(公告)号：US08135048B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-03-13

    申请号：US12815588

    申请日：2010-06-15

    Applicant: Martin Fermann ,  Donald J. Harter

    Inventor： Martin Fermann ,  Donald J. Harter

    IPC: H01S3/30

    CPC classification number: H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/06712 ,  H01S3/06729 ,  H01S3/094019 ,  H01S3/1118

    Abstract: A novel polarization maintaining optical fiber, which can be used as a high-power polarization maintaining fiber laser or amplifier, is described. Insensitivity of the polarization state to external fiber bending and temperature changes is accomplished by minimizing polarization mode-coupling via reducing stresses inside the fiber core via increasing the fiber diameter. Alternatively, polarization mode-coupling can be minimized by an optimization of the fiber coating to minimize stresses at the interface between the fiber and the coating. As a result insensitivity to polarization mode-coupling is obtained at greatly reduced values of birefringence compared to small-diameter fibers. The fiber is of significant use in any application where polarization stability is important, and will be useful in telecommunications applications in particular for reducing polarization mode dispersion. An implementation in a parabolic pulse-producing fiber laser is also described as one specific high power example.

    Abstract translation: 描述了可用作高功率偏振维持光纤激光器或放大器的新型偏振保持光纤。 极化状态对外部纤维弯曲和温度变化的不敏感性是通过通过增加纤维直径来减小纤维芯内的应力来最小化偏振模耦合来实现的。 或者，可以通过纤维涂层的优化来最小化极化模式耦合，以使纤维和涂层之间的界面处的应力最小化。 结果，与小直径纤维相比，在双折射值大大降低的情况下获得了偏振模耦合的不敏感性。 该光纤在极化稳定性很重要的任何应用中都是非常有用的，并且在电信应用中特别用于降低偏振模色散是有用的。 抛物线脉冲产生光纤激光器中的实现也被描述为一个特定的高功率示例。

    LASER-BASED MATERIAL PROCESSING APPARATUS AND METHODS
    147.
    发明申请
    LASER-BASED MATERIAL PROCESSING APPARATUS AND METHODS 有权
    基于激光的材料加工设备和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110240617A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-10-06

    申请号：US13037614

    申请日：2011-03-01

    Applicant: Jingzhou Xu ,  Jin Young Sohn ,  Gyu Cheon Cho ,  Lawrence Shah

    Inventor： Jingzhou Xu ,  Jin Young Sohn ,  Gyu Cheon Cho ,  Lawrence Shah

    IPC: B23K26/36

    CPC classification number: B23K26/00 ,  Y02P40/57

    Abstract: Various embodiments may be used for laser-based modification of target material of a workpiece while advantageously achieving improvements in processing throughput and/or quality. Embodiments of a method of processing may include focusing and directing laser pulses to a region of the workpiece at a pulse width sufficiently short so that material is efficiently removed by nonlinear optical absorption from the region and a quantity of heat affected zone and thermal stress on the material within the region, proximate to the region, or both is reduced relative to a quantity obtainable using a laser with longer pulses. In at least one embodiment, an ultrashort pulse laser system may include at least one of a fiber amplifier or fiber laser. Various embodiments are suitable for at least one of dicing, cutting, scribing, and forming features on or within a composite material.

    Abstract translation: 各种实施例可以用于对工件的目标材料进行基于激光的修改，同时有利地实现处理生产量和/或质量的改善。 处理方法的实施例可以包括将激光脉冲聚焦并且以足够短的脉冲宽度将激光脉冲引导到工件的区域，使得材料通过来自该区域的非线性光学吸收和一定数量的热影响区域以及热应力 区域内的材料，邻近区域或两者都相对于使用具有较长脉冲的激光可获得的量减少。 在至少一个实施例中，超短脉冲激光系统可以包括光纤放大器或光纤激光器中的至少一个。 各种实施例适合于在复合材料上或复合材料内的切割，切割，划线和成形特征中的至少一个。

    Ultra high numerical aperture optical fibers
    148.
    发明授权
    Ultra high numerical aperture optical fibers 有权
    超高数值孔径光纤

    公开(公告)号：US08023788B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-09-20

    申请号：US12756138

    申请日：2010-04-07

    Applicant: Liang Dong ,  Xiang Peng ,  Brian K. Thomas

    Inventor： Liang Dong ,  Xiang Peng ,  Brian K. Thomas

    IPC: G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/02

    CPC classification number: G02B6/02 ,  C03B37/01211 ,  C03B37/0124 ,  C03B37/01254 ,  C03B37/0126 ,  C03B37/018 ,  C03B2203/14 ,  C03B2203/30 ,  G02B6/02261 ,  G02B6/02333 ,  G02B6/02366 ,  G02B6/03644

    Abstract: Various embodiments described include optical fiber designs and fabrication processes for ultra high numerical aperture optical fibers (UHNAF) having a numerical aperture (NA) of about 1. Various embodiments of UHNAF may have an NA greater than about 0.7, greater than about 0.8, greater than about 0.9, or greater than about 0.95. Embodiments of UHNAF may have a small core diameter and may have low transmission loss. Embodiments of UHNAF having a sufficiently small core diameter provide single mode operation. Some embodiments have a low V number, for example, less than 2.4 and large dispersion. Some embodiments of UHNAF have extremely large negative dispersion, for example, less than about −300 ps/nm/km in some embodiments. Systems and apparatus using UHNAF are also disclosed.

    Abstract translation: 所描述的各种实施例包括具有大约1的数值孔径（NA）的超高数值孔径光纤（UHNAF）的光纤设计和制造工艺。UHNAF的各种实施例可以具有大于约0.7，大于约0.8的NA 大于约0.9，或大于约0.95。 UHNAF的实施例可以具有小的芯直径并且可能具有低的传输损耗。 具有足够小的芯直径的UHNAF的实施例提供单模操作。 一些实施例具有低V数，例如小于2.4和大分散。 UHNAF的一些实施方案在一些实施方案中具有非常大的负色散，例如小于约-300ps / nm / km。 还公开了使用UHNAF的系统和装置。

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