公开(公告)号：US5763697A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

申请号：US648890

申请日：1996-05-16

Applicant: Heinrich Hermann ,  Jurgen Gebauer

Inventor： Heinrich Hermann ,  Jurgen Gebauer

IPC: B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/2415 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/244 ,  C07C201/08 ,  B01J2219/00168 ,  B01J2219/00173

Abstract: The selective introduction of a nitro group into an aromatic compound by mixtures of nitric acid and sulphuric acid, wherein the aromatic compound to be nitrated is conveyed to a central driving jet of the acid mixture in such a way that it surrounds the mixed acid jet.

Abstract translation: 通过硝酸和硫酸的混合物将硝基选择性地引入到芳族化合物中，其中要被硝化的芳族化合物被输送到酸混合物的中心驱动射流，使其围绕混合酸射流。

公开(公告)号：US5733479A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-31

申请号：US685062

申请日：1996-07-22

Applicant: Charles F. Kahle, II ,  Neil D. McMurdie ,  Raphael O. Kollah ,  Daniel E. Rardon ,  Gregory J. McCollum

Inventor： Charles F. Kahle, II ,  Neil D. McMurdie ,  Raphael O. Kollah ,  Daniel E. Rardon ,  Gregory J. McCollum

IPC: C07C201/08 ,  A61K9/00 ,  A61K9/32 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C205/11 ,  C07C205/19 ,  C07C205/23 ,  C07C205/26 ,  C07C205/34 ,  C07C205/42 ,  C07C215/14 ,  C07C271/08 ,  C07C301/00 ,  C07C309/67 ,  C07C309/73 ,  C07C319/14 ,  C07C323/16 ,  C07C323/25 ,  C07C323/29 ,  C08G18/38 ,  C08G59/50 ,  C08G63/685 ,  C08L101/00 ,  C09D163/00 ,  G03F7/00 ,  G03F7/004 ,  G03F7/039 ,  G03F7/16 ,  C09K15/16

CPC classification number: C07C323/25 ,  A61K9/0004 ,  C07C205/11 ,  C07C205/19 ,  C07C205/26 ,  C07C215/14 ,  C08G18/384 ,  C08G59/50 ,  C08G59/504 ,  C08G63/6856 ,  C09D163/00 ,  G03F7/0045 ,  G03F7/039 ,  G03F7/164

Abstract: Photoreactive compounds are synthesized from 2,5- or 2,6-dinitrobenzyl groups. Also disclosed are methods of synthesizing reactive monomers containing 2,5- or 2,6-dinitrobenzyl groups.

Abstract translation: 光反应性化合物由2,5-或2,6-二硝基苄基合成。 还公开了合成含有2,5-或2,6-二硝基苄基的反应性单体的方法。

公开(公告)号：US5689018A

公开(公告)日：1997-11-18

申请号：US510803

申请日：1995-08-03

Applicant: Uwe Klingler ,  Thomas Schieb ,  Gerhard Wiechers ,  Jurgen Zimmermann

Inventor： Uwe Klingler ,  Thomas Schieb ,  Gerhard Wiechers ,  Jurgen Zimmermann

IPC: C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/00

CPC classification number: C07C201/08

Abstract: Dinitrotoluene is produced from toluene and nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid in a two stage process in the first stage, toluene and nitric acid are reacted under isothermal conditions in amounts such that mononitrotoluene is produced. The reaction mixture is then separated into an organic phase and an acid phase. The organic phase is then further reacted with nitric acid under adiabatic conditions to produce dinitrotoluene. The reaction mixture is then separated into an organic phase and an acid phase. Dinitrotoluene is recovered from the organic phase. After at least 5% by weight water is removed from the acid phase and sufficient nitric acid to replace that consumed during the nitration reaction has been added, the acid phase may be recycled.

Abstract translation: 二硝基甲苯在甲酸和硝酸的存在下，在第一阶段的两阶段工艺中由甲苯和硝酸制成，甲苯和硝酸在产生单硝基甲苯的条件下在等温条件下反应。 然后将反应混合物分离成有机相和酸相。 然后在绝热条件下，有机相进一步与硝酸反应生成二硝基甲苯。 然后将反应混合物分离成有机相和酸相。 从有机相回收二硝基甲苯。 在从酸相中除去至少5重量％的水后，加入足够的硝酸代替在硝化反应期间消耗的硝酸，可以回收酸相。

公开(公告)号：US5616818A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-01

申请号：US543095

申请日：1995-10-13

Applicant: Hans-Georg Pirkl ,  Reinhard Schom acker ,  Uwe Klingler ,  Thomas Schieb ,  Gerhard Wiechers ,  J urgen Zimmermann

Inventor： Hans-Georg Pirkl ,  Reinhard Schom acker ,  Uwe Klingler ,  Thomas Schieb ,  Gerhard Wiechers ,  J urgen Zimmermann

IPC: B01J10/00 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J19/26 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  B01J10/002 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/0066 ,  B01J19/242 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  B01J2219/00777 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  Y02P20/582

Abstract: An aromatic compound is polynitrated in a continuous process in a single apparatus under adiabatic conditions in an emulsion as the reaction medium. From 1.3 to 3.5 mol of HNO.sub.3 per mol of aromatic compound are introduced in the form of a nitronium ion solution into the reactor with the aromatic compound under conditions such that an emulsion forms. The emulsion, which has a tendency to coalesce, is maintained by repeated dispersion. The first dispersion of the liquid streams to produce the emulsion takes place in less than one second. At least 20% of the total amount of HNO.sub.3 to be used should generally be present during this first dispersion. It is preferred, however, that the total amount of nitronium ion solution to be used be present at the time the aromatic compound and nitronium ion solution are first dispersed.

Abstract translation: 芳族化合物在绝热条件下在单一设备中以乳液作为反应介质在连续方法中多次化。 以硝酸离子溶液的形式，将1.3〜3.5mol的HNO 3 /芳族化合物以芳香族化合物的形式引入反应器中，形成乳状液。 具有聚结倾向的乳液通过反复分散保持。 液体流的第一种分散体产生乳液发生在不到一秒钟内。 在第一次分散时，HNO3总量的至少20％一般应该存在。 然而，优选在首先分散芳族化合物和硝鎓离子溶液时存在使用的硝鎓离子溶液的总量。

公开(公告)号：US5324872A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-28

申请号：US986024

申请日：1992-12-04

Applicant: Herman W. Kouwenhoven ,  Leopoldo Bertea ,  Roel Prins

Inventor： Herman W. Kouwenhoven ,  Leopoldo Bertea ,  Roel Prins

IPC: C07B61/00 ,  B01J29/18 ,  B01J29/70 ,  B01J37/06 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06

CPC classification number: B01J29/18 ,  B01J37/06 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: The invention concerns a gasphase process for the preparation of nitrobenzene from benzene and nitric acid, wherein catalysts are applied based on the zeolite mordenite.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于从苯和硝酸制备硝基苯的气相方法，其中基于沸石丝光沸石应用催化剂。

公开(公告)号：US5030776A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-09

申请号：US533823

申请日：1990-06-06

Applicant: Hiroshi Sato ,  Koichi Nagai ,  Hiroshi Yoshioka ,  Yoshihiko Nagaoka

Inventor： Hiroshi Sato ,  Koichi Nagai ,  Hiroshi Yoshioka ,  Yoshihiko Nagaoka

IPC: C07B61/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12

CPC classification number: C07C201/08

Abstract: Nitrobenzenes are prepared by nitrating benzenes in vapor phase using nitric acid as a nitrating agent and under continuous or intermittent feeding of sulfuric acid as a catalyst in the presence of a catalyst comprising sulfuric acid supported on a carrier or in the presence of only a carrier. This process can provide very high and prolonged nitration activity.

公开(公告)号：US5008468A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-16

申请号：US384251

申请日：1989-08-21

Applicant: David L. King ,  Michael D. Cooper ,  Michael A. Faber

Inventor： David L. King ,  Michael D. Cooper ,  Michael A. Faber

IPC: B01J31/10 ,  B01J31/16 ,  B01J31/18 ,  C07C2/66 ,  C07C45/45 ,  C07C45/46 ,  C07C45/53 ,  C07C45/74 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06

CPC classification number: C07C45/455 ,  B01J31/10 ,  B01J31/1658 ,  B01J31/185 ,  C07C2/66 ,  C07C45/46 ,  C07C45/53 ,  C07C45/74 ,  C07C67/04 ,  B01J2231/12 ,  B01J2231/20 ,  B01J2231/323 ,  B01J2231/52 ,  B01J2531/48 ,  C07C2531/06

Abstract: This invention provides an improved process for the conversion of reactant into a reaction product, in the presence of a solid acid catalyst comprising sulfonic acid groups covalently bonded to a polymeric chain, wherein the improvement comprises increasing the rate of conversion, on an equivalent sulfonic acid basis, by providing, as said polymeric chain a compound represented by the general formula:M(O.sub.3 ZO.sub.x R).sub.nwherein M is a tetravalent metal ion; Z is a pentavalent atom, selected from the group consisting of elements of Group V of the Periodic Table of the Elements having an atomic weight greater than 30; x varies from 0 to 1; R is select d from the group consisting or organo radicals and mixtures of hydrogen radicals and organo radicals; and n varies from 1 to 2; provided that n is 1 when R is terminated with a tri- or tetraoxy pentavalent atom.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了在包含共价键合到聚合物链上的磺酸基团的固体酸催化剂存在下将反应物转化成反应产物的改进方法，其中改进包括增加转化速率等同于磺酸 通过提供作为所述聚合物链的由通式M（O 3 Z x R）n表示的化合物，其中M是四价金属离子; Z是选自原子量大于30的元素周期表第Ⅴ族的元素的五价原子; x从0变化到1; R是选自下组的组或有机基团和氢基团和有机基团的混合物; n从1变化到2; 条件是当R用三或四氧基五价原子封端时n为1。

公开(公告)号：US5001286A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-19

申请号：US155199

申请日：1988-02-12

Applicant: Harro Witt ,  Heiko Beckhaus

Inventor： Harro Witt ,  Heiko Beckhaus

IPC: C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/06

CPC classification number: C07C201/16

Abstract: Sulphuric and nitric acids present in dinitrotoluene are separated from the dinitrotoluene by adding up to 10 wt. % water (based on quantity of dinitrotoluene) to the mixture of dinitrotoluene, sulphuric acid and nitric acid, mixing and separating the aqueous phase containing nitric and sulphuric acids. The mixtures treated by this process generally contain up to 5 wt. % nitric acid and up to 6 wt. % sulphuric acid.

Abstract translation: 通过加入10重量％的二硝基甲苯将二硝基甲苯中存在的硫酸和硝酸与二硝基甲苯分离。 以二硝基甲苯，硫酸和硝酸的混合物为基准，混合分离含有硝酸和硫酸的水相。 通过该方法处理的混合物通常含有至多5wt。 硝酸和最多6重量％ ％ 硫酸。

公开(公告)号：US4918250A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-17

申请号：US341447

申请日：1989-04-21

Applicant: Robert W. Mason ,  Peter C. Imm ,  Kent J. Bordelon

Inventor： Robert W. Mason ,  Peter C. Imm ,  Kent J. Bordelon

IPC: C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/06

CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for nitrating toluene to dinitrotoluene and phase separation of the product using an inorganic salt as a phase separation agent.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及使用无机盐作为相分离剂将甲苯硝化成二硝基甲苯和相分离的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4912246A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-27

申请号：US110754

申请日：1987-10-19

Applicant: Zenon Lysenko ,  Cynthia L. Rand

Inventor： Zenon Lysenko ,  Cynthia L. Rand

IPC: B01J27/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C205/21 ,  C07C205/23 ,  C07C205/43 ,  C07C213/02 ,  C07C215/78

CPC classification number: C07C205/43 ,  C07C205/23

Abstract: High purity amino-1,3-benzenediols are prepared by (a) contacting a 1,3-bis(alkylcarbonato)benzene with a nitrating agent under rection conditions such that a 1,3-bis(alkylcarbonato)nitrobenzene is formed, (b) contacting the 1,3-bis(alkylcarbonato)nitrobenzene with a hydrolyzing agent under conditions such that a nitro-1,3-benzenediol is produced, and (c) contacting the nitro-1,3-benzenediol with a reducing agent under conditions such that an amino-1,3-benzenediol is produced. Of the amino-1,3-benzenediols, 4,6-diamino-1,3-benzenediol is particularly useful in the preparation of high molecular weight polybenzoxazoles.