Abstract:
The use of modified polyaspartic acids which are obtainable by polycondensation of aspartic acid in the presence of, in each case based on the aspartic acid employed,(a) 2.5 to 25 mol % of amines with at least 6 carbon atoms(b) at least 2% by weight of phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, polyphosphoric acids, phosphorus pentoxide, phosphonic acids or mixtures of said acids,at temperatures of at least 120.degree. C. and subsequent hydrolysis with bases to give modified polyaspartic acids with a phosphorus content of from 0.5 to 10% by weight, as additive to detergents, and detergents which contain the modified polyaspartic acids in amounts of from 0.1 to 20% by weight.
Abstract:
A solid textile detergent formulation, comprising(A) 1-60% by weight of inorganic builders based on crystalline or amorphous aluminosilicates, crystalline or amorphous silicates, carbonates and/or phosphates,(B) 0.1-25% by weight of one or more glycine-N,N'-diacetic acid derivatives I ##STR1## where R is an organic radical and M is hydrogen or a cation, as organic cobuilders,(C) 1-40% by weight of anionic surfactants and(D) 0.5-30% by weight of nonionic surfactants.
Abstract:
A process for preparing copolymers of vinyl esters and monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids by free-radical copolymerization of (a) 20 to 80 mol % of vinyl esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having at least 2 carbon atoms and (b) 80-20 mol % of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, with or without (c) 0-30 mol % of other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and/or (d) 0-10 mol % of monomers which contain at least two non-conjugated ethylenic double bonds in the molecule, in the presence of at least one sulfur, phosphorus and/or nitrogen compound with a reducing action and of 0.05-30% by weight, based on the monomers, of at least one surface-active agent in aqueous medium in the presence of initiators and in the presence or absence of regulators, and the use of the copolymers or of the copolymers which are obtainable therefrom by hydrolysis and/or oxidation and have vinyl alcohol units as additive to detergents and cleaners.
Abstract:
Copolymers containing (a) from 5 to 90 mol % of vinyl formate units, (b) from 10 to 95 mol % of units of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, (c) from 0 to 70 mol % of units of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, and (d) from 0 to 30 mol % of units of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in copolymerized form and having K values of at least 8 (determined by the method of H. Fikentscher in 1% strength by weight aqueous solution on the sodium salt of the copolymers at pH 7 and 25.degree. C.), processes for their preparation by copolymerizing monomer mixtures of (a) from 5 to 90 mol % of vinyl formate, (b) from 10 to 95 mol % of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, (c) from 0 to 70 mol % of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, and (d) from 0 to 30 mol % of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in an aqueous medium or in an organic solvent in the presence of free-radical polymerization initiators and use of the vinyl formate copolymers and of the vinyl alcohol copolymers obtainable therefrom by hydrolysis and/or oxidation as detergent and cleaner additives.
Abstract:
A water-soluble or water-dispersible graft copolymer obtainable by free-radical graft copolymerization of(I) at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer onto(II) polymers with a molecular weight of 200-5000 of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereofusing from 5 to 2,000 parts by weight of the monomers (I) per 100 parts by weight of grafting base, a process for preparing the graft copolymers and the use of the graft copolymers as additive to phosphate-free or reduced phosphate textile detergents, as dispersants and preventers of deposits in cleaners for hard surfaces and as water-treatment agents for reducing the deposition of scale and the separation out of water hardness in water-conveying systems.