Abstract:
Provided is a method for quantifying an initial concentration of a nucleic acid from a real-time nucleic acid amplification data. Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) extracted from organism or virus is amplified using an enzyme. Then, the initial concentration of the nucleic acid is found by calculating the characteristic amplification cycle number or the characteristic amplification time at which the fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid subtracted by the background fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid has half of its maximum value, or the characteristic amplification cycle number or the characteristic amplification time at which the amplification efficiency has the maximum or the minimum value, or the prior-to-amplification fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid subtracted by the background fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid. Accordingly, the initial concentration of the nucleic acid can be calculated without differentiation or integration.
Abstract:
Ripple of an input voltage is used to modulate a switching operation frequency of a switch mode power supply. A sensing voltage corresponding to the input voltage is received, a current ripple that is proportional to a difference between a peak value of the sensing voltage and the sensing voltage is generated, and a modulation control signal that is variable by the current ripple is generated. A switching frequency is modulated using an oscillator signal that is variable by the modulation control signal, and reduces the output voltage ripple.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a protection circuit, a resonance converter having the same, and a protection method thereof.A resonance converter having high-side and low-side switches senses a current flowing through the low-side switch and determines a zero voltage switching failure by using a width of a current flowing to a negative direction of the low-side switch.
Abstract:
Disclosed are a system and a method for installing a smart card applet. A response message for an OTA message received from an external remote server is transmitted to form a communication channel based on HTTP (hyper text transfer protocol) between a smart card and the remote server. The applet is installed based on applet installation information received through the communication channel. A large scale applet is installed in a card within a short period of time.
Abstract:
Disclosed are a system and a method for installing a smart card applet. A response message for an OTA message received from an external remote server is transmitted to form a communication channel based on HTTP (hyper text transfer protocol) between a smart card and the remote server. The applet is installed based on applet installation information received through the communication channel. A large scale applet is installed in a card within a short period of time.
Abstract:
A pH adjusting apparatus includes an electrolytic chip receiving a solution, an electrolytic chip loading station receiving the electrolytic chip, an input unit inputting electrolysis conditions, a control unit receiving the electrolysis conditions and controlling electrolysis performed in the electrolytic chip, and a display unit displaying the electrolysis conditions and a progress of the electrolysis. Thus, the pH of a solution can be adjusted easily and accurately, by precisely controlling a constant current, a constant voltage, and current and voltage application times, thereby enabling useful application in various biological assays such as cell lysis. Furthermore, the pH adjusting apparatus has small size and weight and can be operated for a long time after charging once due to low power consumption.
Abstract:
In a converter using a transformer, a switch controller controlling a main switch and an auxiliary switch increase a turn-on time of the auxiliary switch when a voltage of a signal corresponding to a current flowing to a primary coil of the transformer is greater than a reference voltage for a predetermined period.
Abstract:
Provided is a method for quantifying an initial concentration of a nucleic acid from a real-time nucleic acid amplification data. Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) extracted from organism or virus is amplified using an enzyme. Then, the initial concentration of the nucleic acid is found by calculating the characteristic amplification cycle number or the characteristic amplification time at which the fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid subtracted by the background fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid has half of its maximum value, or the characteristic amplification cycle number or the characteristic amplification time at which the amplification efficiency has the maximum or the minimum value, or the prior-to-amplification fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid subtracted by the background fluorescence intensity of the nucleic acid. Accordingly, the initial concentration of the nucleic acid can be calculated without differentiation or integration.
Abstract:
Disclosed are an interworking system between a user terminal and a smart card for executing a widget and a method thereof. The interworking system is configured to enable the user terminal to manage the download setup information for a widget UI (user interface) program installed in the smart card. The user terminal is able to download widget UI data to be updated from a program provision server based on the download setup information even if there is no additional request from the smart card. Therefore, the system is able to prevent periodic communication between the user terminal and the smart card when updating the widget UI program.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for constructing an environmentally-friendly retaining wall using a soil bag for vegetation and fixing members and an installation structure thereof, in which the retaining wall is constructed by staggering soil bag blocks filled with regular amounts of soil. In detail, the upper and lower soil bag blocks are firmly fixed into a single body by a plurality of fixing members of a predetermined shape, a geogrid sheet of a predetermined length is set up and firmly fixed to the fixing members to form a retaining wall, a core net is installed on the surface of the retaining wall, soil and seeds of plants to be vegetated are mixed, and the mixture is placed so that the seeds can be actively germinated and the surface of the retaining wall can be fully afforested, thus not only enabling easy storage, transportation and installation of materials for the construction of the retaining wall, improving work efficiency and workability, and shortening the working time and reducing the economic burden of a constructor, but also improving the firmness and stability of the retaining wall by connecting and fixing a plurality of soil bag blocks into a single body through the fixing members, improving the germination of seeds, enabling the roots of germinated plants to be easily struck into the soil bag blocks, and thus providing perfect areas of greenery on the surface of the retaining wall.