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    Self-healing and adaptive materials and systems
    11.
    发明申请
    Self-healing and adaptive materials and systems 审中-公开
    自愈和自适应材料和系统

    公开(公告)号：US20070246353A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-10-25

    申请号：US10887683

    申请日：2004-07-12

    Applicant: Parviz Soroushian ,  Anagi Balachandra

    Inventor： Parviz Soroushian ,  Anagi Balachandra

    IPC: C25B9/00

    CPC classification number: C25D7/00

    Abstract: Solid electrolyte and at least one of piezoelectric and thermoelectric materials are incorporated into material systems to provide them with self-healing and adaptive qualities. The piezoelectric and thermoelectric constituents convert the mechanical and thermal energy, respectively, concentrated in critical areas into electrical energy which, in turn, guides and drives electrolytic transport of mass within solid electrolyte towards and its electrodeposition at critical areas to render self-healing and adaptive effects. Material systems incorporating the solid electrolyte but not the piezoelectric and thermoelectric constituents are also amenable to healing and adaptive effects through external application of electric potential for electrolytic transport of mass towards and its electrodeposition at critical areas.

    Abstract translation: 固体电解质和压电材料和热电材料中的至少一种被并入到材料体系中以使它们具有自愈和适应性质。 压电和热电成分分别将机械和热能分别转化为关键区域的电能，这又引导并驱使固体电解质内的质量电解质迁移到其关键区域的电沉积，使自愈和自适应 效果。 包含固体电解质而不是压电和热电组分的材料体系也适用于通过外部施加电势来电解质量传递电解质并在其关键区域进行电沉积的愈合和适应效应。

    Dispersion of plant pulp in concrete and use thereof
    12.
    发明授权
    Dispersion of plant pulp in concrete and use thereof 失效
    植物浆在混凝土中的分散及其用途

    公开(公告)号：US5643359A

    公开(公告)日：1997-07-01

    申请号：US558847

    申请日：1995-11-15

    Applicant: Parviz Soroushian ,  Jer-Wen Hsu

    Inventor： Parviz Soroushian ,  Jer-Wen Hsu

    IPC: C04B18/24 ,  C04B16/02

    CPC classification number: C04B18/241 ,  Y02W30/97

    Abstract: Pulp fibers derived from wood or non-wood plants or recycled paper products, which are about 0.1-30 mm long and about 0.001-0.1 mm in diameter with length-to-diameter ratio of about 30-3000, are dispersed in conventional concrete mixtures using conventional mixing equipment for effectively improving fresh and hardened concrete properties at relatively low cost. Dispersion is achieved by individualizing the plant pulp fibers so that they are not fully bonded to each other, and dispersing the individual fibers in concrete at relatively low dosages of about 0.3-30 kg per cubic meter. Once individualized, the affinity of plant pulp fibers for water facilitates their dispersion in conventional concrete mixtures. Fresh concrete mixtures incorporating the dispersed individualized plant pulp fibers possess desirable workability, resistance to segregation and bleeding, pumpability, finishability, and reduced rebound when pneumatically applied. Hardened concrete materials incorporating the dispersed individualized plant pulp fibers provide improved crack resistance, toughness characteristics, impact resistance, fatigue life, abrasion resistance, and other mechanical, physical and durability characteristics. Precast and cast-in-pace concrete as well as plain and reinforced concrete and shotcrete benefit from such improvements in fresh and hardened material properties rendered by dispersed plant pulp fibers.

    Abstract translation: 来自木材或非木材植物或再生纸制品的纸浆纤维分散在常规混凝土混合物中，其直径约为0.1-30mm，直径约为0.001-0.1mm，长度与直径之比约为30-3000 使用常规的混合设备以相对较低的成本有效地提高新鲜和硬化的混凝土性能。 通过使植物纸浆纤维个体化使得它们彼此不完全结合并且以约0.3-30kg /立方米的相对低的剂量将单个纤维分散在混凝土中来实现分散。 一旦个体化，植物纸浆纤维对水的亲和力便于它们在常规混凝土混合物中的分散。 结合分散的个体化植物纸浆纤维的新鲜混凝土混合物具有期望的可加工性，耐分离和渗透性，泵送性，整理性和气动施加时减少的回弹。 结合了分散的个体化植物纸浆纤维的硬化混凝土材料提供了改进的抗裂性，韧性特性，耐冲击性，疲劳寿命，耐磨性等机械，物理和耐久性。 预制和速铸混凝土以及普通钢筋混凝土和喷浆混凝土有利于由分散的植物纸浆纤维提供的新鲜和硬化的材料性能的改善。

    Metal matrix materials reinforced with shape memory fibers for enhanced ductility and energy absorption capacity, and method of manufacturing same
    15.
    发明授权
    Metal matrix materials reinforced with shape memory fibers for enhanced ductility and energy absorption capacity, and method of manufacturing same 失效
    用形状记忆纤维增强的金属基体材料，用于增强延展性和能量吸收能力，以及制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US6025080A

    公开(公告)日：2000-02-15

    申请号：US986402

    申请日：1997-12-08

    Applicant: Parviz Soroushian

    Inventor： Parviz Soroushian

    IPC: C22C47/00 ,  C22F1/00 ,  B32B5/12

    CPC classification number: C22F1/006 ,  C22C47/00 ,  Y10T428/12444 ,  Y10T428/12465 ,  Y10T428/12486

    Abstract: Shape-memory fibers are incorporated into a metal matrix material with a level of fiber-to-matrix bonding so that upon localized failure of matrix under load, the strains in fibers debond them from the matrix to the extent that fibers do not all rupture at the location of matrix failure. The pull-out process of fibers ruptured away from the matrix failure location provides the composite material with substantially increased ductility and energy absorption capacity after localized failure of the matrix. Pre-tensioning of shape-memory fibers impose sustained stresses on matrix which enhance the strength and energy absorption capacity of the composite material. The shape-memory fibers may be incorporated into a metal matrix at their end so that fibers pull out from the matrix under load and provide an energy-absorbing assembly.

    Abstract translation: 形状记忆纤维被结合到具有纤维与基体结合水平的金属基质材料中，使得当在负载下的基质局部失效时，纤维中的应变使它们从基质脱落到纤维不全部破裂的程度 矩阵故障的位置。 离开基体破裂位置的纤维的拉出过程使得复合材料在基体局部破坏之后具有显着增加的延展性和能量吸收能力。 形状记忆纤维的预张紧对基质施加持续的应力，从而提高复合材料的强度和能量吸收能力。 形状记忆纤维可以在其端部结合到金属基质中，使得纤维在负载下从基质中拉出并提供能量吸收组件。

    Dry dispersion of plant pulp in concrete and use thereof
    16.
    发明授权
    Dry dispersion of plant pulp in concrete and use thereof 失效
    植物浆在混凝土中的干分散和使用

    公开(公告)号：US5989335A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-23

    申请号：US885644

    申请日：1997-06-30

    Applicant: Parviz Soroushian ,  Jer-Wen Hsu

    Inventor： Parviz Soroushian ,  Jer-Wen Hsu

    IPC: C04B18/24 ,  C04B16/02

    CPC classification number: C04B18/241 ,  Y02W30/97

    Abstract: Pulp fibers derived from wood or non-wood plants or recycled paper products, which are 0.1-30 mm long and about 0.001-0.1 mm in equivalent diameter, are individualized by mechanical action, blended with at least one of the dry ingredients of the cement-based material and then mixed with the remaining ingredients of conventional cement-based mixtures using conventional mixing equipment for effectively improving fresh and hardened properties of cement-based materials. Dispersion is achieved by individualizing the plant pulp fibers by mechanical action, and further by blending the individualized fibers with at least one of the dry ingredients of the mix and then with the remaining ingredients of the cement-based material, with fibers added at relatively low dosages of about 0.3-30 kg per cubic meter. The affinity of plant pulp fibers for water facilitates their dispersion in conventional cement-based mixtures. Fresh mixtures of cement-based materials incorporating the dispersed individualized plant pulp fibers possess desirable workability, resistance to segregation and bleeding, pumpability, finishability, and reduced rebound when pneumatically applied. Hardened cement-based materials incorporating the dispersed individualized plant pulp fibers provide improved crack resistance, toughness characteristics, impact resistance, fatigue life, abrasion resistance, and other mechanical, physical and durability characteristics. Plain and reinforced concrete and shotcrete as well as precast and cast-in-place concrete, plaster and stucco, mortar, grout and flowable fill are examples of cement-based materials which can benefit from the improvements in fresh and hardened material properties rendered by dispersed plant pulp fibers.

    Abstract translation: 来自木材或非木材植物的纸浆纤维或相当直径为0.1-30mm长和约0.001-0.1mm的再生纸产品通过机械作用个体化，与至少一种干燥成分的水泥混合 然后使用常规的混合设备与常规水泥基混合物的其余成分混合，以有效地改善水泥基材料的新鲜和硬化性能。 通过机械作用使植物纸浆纤维个体化，并且进一步通过将个体化纤维与混合物的至少一种干成分混合，然后与水泥基材料的其余成分混合，使纤维以相对较低的比例 剂量约为每立方米0.3-30公斤。 植物纸浆纤维对水的亲和力促进了它们在常规水泥基混合物中的分散。 掺入分散的个体化植物纸浆纤维的水泥基材料的新鲜混合物具有期望的可加工性，耐分离和渗透性，泵送性，整理性和气动施加时的回弹减少。 结合分散的个体化植物纸浆纤维的硬化水泥基材料提供了改进的抗裂性，韧性特性，耐冲击性，疲劳寿命，耐磨性等机械，物理和耐久性。 平原和钢筋混凝土和喷浆混凝土以及预制和现浇混凝土，石膏和灰泥，砂浆，灌浆和可流动填料是水泥基材料的例子，可以从分散的新鲜和硬化材料性能的改进中受益 植物纸浆纤维。

    Accelerated curing of cement-based materials
    17.
    发明授权
    Accelerated curing of cement-based materials 失效
    加速固化水泥基材料

    公开(公告)号：US5935317A

    公开(公告)日：1999-08-10

    申请号：US947909

    申请日：1997-10-09

    Applicant: Parviz Soroushian ,  Jer-Wen Hsu

    Inventor： Parviz Soroushian ,  Jer-Wen Hsu

    IPC: C04B40/02 ,  C04B22/10

    CPC classification number: C04B40/0231 ,  Y10S264/43

    Abstract: A CO.sub.2 pre-curing period is used prior to accelerated (steam or high-pressure steam) curing of cement and concrete products in order to: (1) prepare the products to withstand the high temperature and vapor pressure in the accelerated curing environment without microcracking and damage; and (2) incorporate the advantages of carbonation reactions in terms of dimensional stability, chemical stability, increased strength and hardness, and improved abrasion resistance into cement and concrete products without substantially modifying the conventional procedures of accelerated curing. Depending on the moisture content of the product, the invention may accomplish CO.sub.2 pre-curing by first drying the product (e.g. at slightly elevated temperature) and then expose it to a carbon dioxide-rich environment. Vigorous reactions of cement paste in the presence of carbon dioxide provide the products with enhanced strength, integrity and chemical and dimensional stability in a relatively short time period. Subsequent accelerated curing, even at reduced time periods (with less energy and cost consumptions) would produce higher performance characteristics than achievable with the conventional pre-setting period followed by accelerated curing of cement and concrete products.

    Abstract translation: 在水泥和混凝土产品的加速（蒸汽或高压蒸汽）固化之前，使用二氧化碳预固化时段，以便：（1）使产品在加速固化环境中耐高温和蒸汽压力下无微裂纹 和损坏; 和（2）在尺寸稳定性，化学稳定性，强度和硬度方面融入了碳酸化反应的优点，并且改善了水泥和混凝土产品的耐磨性，而基本上不改变加速固化的常规方法。 根据产品的水分含量，本发明可以通过首先干燥产品（例如在稍微升高的温度），然后将其暴露于富含二氧化碳的环境中来实现CO 2预固化。 水泥糊在二氧化碳存在下的剧烈反应为产品提供了较强的强度，完整性以及化学和尺寸稳定性。 随后加速固化，即使在缩短的时间内（能源和成本消耗较少）也将产生比常规预设时间段可以实现的更高的性能特征，随后是水泥和混凝土制品的加速固化。

    Wet dispersion of plant pulp in concrete and use thereof
    18.
    发明授权
    Wet dispersion of plant pulp in concrete and use thereof 失效
    植物纸浆在混凝土中的湿分散和使用

    公开(公告)号：US5897701A

    公开(公告)日：1999-04-27

    申请号：US885645

    申请日：1997-06-30

    Applicant: Parviz Soroushian ,  Jer-Wen Hsu

    Inventor： Parviz Soroushian ,  Jer-Wen Hsu

    IPC: C04B18/24 ,  C04B16/02

    CPC classification number: C04B18/241 ,  Y02W30/97

    Abstract: Pulp fibers derived from wood or non-wood plants or recycled paper products are individualized and dispersed in water, and mixed into cement-based mixtures using conventional mixing procedures at relatively low dosages of about 0.3-30 kg of fiber per cubic meter of concrete. Once individualized, the affinity of plant pulp fibers for water facilitates their dispersion in normal cement-based mixtures. Fresh cement-based materials incorporating the dispersed individualized plant pulp fibers provide desirable workability, resistance to segregation and bleeding, pumpability, finishability, and reduced rebound when pneumatically applied. Hardened cement-based materials incorporating the dispersed individualized plant pulp fibers provide improvements in crack resistance, toughness, impact resistance, fatigue life, abrasion resistance, and other mechanical, physical and durability characteristics.

    Abstract translation: 衍生自木材或非木材植物或再生纸产品的纸浆纤维被个性化并分散在水中，并使用常规混合程序以相对较低的剂量混合至水泥基混合物中，每立方米混凝土约0.3-30kg纤维。 一旦个体化，植物纸浆纤维对水的亲和力有助于它们在普通水泥基混合物中的分散。 结合分散的个体化植物纸浆纤维的新型水泥基材料提供所需的可加工性，耐分离和渗透性，泵送性，整理性和气动施加时减少的回弹。 结合分散的个体化植物纸浆纤维的硬化水泥基材料提供抗裂性，韧性，耐冲击性，疲劳寿命，耐磨性以及其它机械，物理和耐久性特征的改进。

    Accelerated processing of cement-bonded particleboard and fiberboard
    19.
    发明授权
    Accelerated processing of cement-bonded particleboard and fiberboard 失效
    水泥粘合刨花板和纤维板的加速加工

    公开(公告)号：US5744078A

    公开(公告)日：1998-04-28

    申请号：US706780

    申请日：1996-09-03

    Applicant: Parviz Soroushian ,  Khodabakhsh Ostovari

    Inventor： Parviz Soroushian ,  Khodabakhsh Ostovari

    IPC: C04B28/02 ,  C04B40/02 ,  C04B40/00

    CPC classification number: C04B40/0231 ,  C04B28/02 ,  Y02W30/97

    Abstract: A method and an apparatus is provided for accelerated processing of cement-bonded particleboard or fiberboard under pressure through the injection of a diluted carbon dioxide gas. The method and apparatus yield controlled, thorough and efficient acceleration of the curing process, reduce the cost and raw material consumption in the process, broaden the raw materials basis for the production of cement-bonded particleboard and fiberboard, and yield end products with improved mechanical, physical and durability characteristics. Streamlined processing plants with improved productivity and efficiency can be based around this invention for the production of cement-bonded particleboards and fiberboards with improved performance characteristics.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种方法和装置，用于通过注入稀释的二氧化碳气体在压力下加速加工水泥粘合的刨花板或纤维板。 该方法和设备产量控制，彻底，有效的加速固化过程，降低了成本和原材料消耗，扩大了生产水泥粘结刨花板和纤维板的原材料基础，并生产了具有改进机械性能的最终产品 ，物理和耐久性特点。 具有提高的生产率和效率的流线型加工厂可以基于本发明用于生产具有改进的性能特征的水泥粘结刨花板和纤维板。

    Joining via nano-scale reinforced bonding media: materials, procedures and applications thereof
    20.
    发明授权
    Joining via nano-scale reinforced bonding media: materials, procedures and applications thereof 有权
    通过纳米级增强粘合介质连接：其材料，程序和应用

    公开(公告)号：US09227274B1

    公开(公告)日：2016-01-05

    申请号：US13963197

    申请日：2013-08-09

    Applicant: Anagi Manjula Balachandra ,  Parviz Soroushian ,  Mohammad Sayyar Bidgoli

    Inventor： Anagi Manjula Balachandra ,  Parviz Soroushian ,  Mohammad Sayyar Bidgoli

    IPC: B23K35/24 ,  B23K35/32 ,  B23K35/02 ,  B23K35/28 ,  B23K35/26

    CPC classification number: B23K35/327 ,  B23K35/0222 ,  B23K35/0244 ,  B23K35/0255 ,  B23K35/262 ,  B23K35/284 ,  B23K35/286 ,  Y10T156/10

    Abstract: Method of joining articles using microscale brazing alloy particles reinforced with slender nanomaterials is described. Surface modified graphite nanomaterials were dispersed in a medium comprised of metal alloy particles, this dispersion was introduced at the interface between the joining articles followed by heating under ultra high vacuum. The nanomaterial-to-metal alloy surface contacts were enhanced by at least one of fusion, embedment and chemical reaction phenomena under high temperature and ultra high vacuum yielding true nanocomposite at the interface. The fusion, embedment and chemical reaction phenomena enhance at least one of the mechanical, electrical, thermal, durability and functional attributes of these contact points, which translate into improved properties of the joined article. The enhanced contact points enable effective use of the distinct qualities of nanomaterials towards development of joints which offer unique balances of strength, ductility, toughness, energy absorption, thermal stability, weathering resistance and other characteristics.

    Abstract translation: 描述了使用细长的纳米材料增强的微细钎焊合金颗粒连接制品的方法。 将表面改性石墨纳米材料分散在由金属合金颗粒组成的介质中，将该分散体引入接合制品之间的界面处，然后在超高真空下加热。 通过在高温和超高真空下的融合，嵌入和化学反应现象中的至少一种在界面处产生真正的纳米复合材料，纳米材料 - 金属合金表面接触得到增强。 融合，嵌入和化学反应现象增强了这些接触点的机械，电气，热，耐久性和功能属性中的至少一个，这转化为改进的接合制品的性质。 增强的接触点能够有效地利用纳米材料的不同质量对接头的开发，其提供强度，延展性，韧性，能量吸收，热稳定性，耐候性和其它特性的独特平衡。

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