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公开(公告)号：US5738775A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US870993
申请日：1997-06-06
Applicant: Hiroshi Nagai , Syu Nakanishi , Kunio Fujiwara , Takanobu Sugo
Inventor： Hiroshi Nagai , Syu Nakanishi , Kunio Fujiwara , Takanobu Sugo
CPC classification number: B01D61/48 , B01J47/08 , B01J49/0052
Abstract: Electrically regenerable desalting apparatus having the desalting compartment packed with ion exchangers produced by utilizing radiation-initiated graft polymerization, in which said ion exchangers are nonwoven fabrics in the form of a fiber assembly and a cation exchanger and an anion exchanger are disposed in a face-to-face relationship, with a porous material being interposed between the two ion exchangers. Having the ability to reject ions from liquids, the apparatus is particularly suited to the production of pure water in the electrical power generating industries (including the nuclear industry), electronic industry and the pharmaceuticals manufacturing industry, as well as to the desalting of thick fluids encountered in food and chemical manufacturing processes.
Abstract translation: 具有装有通过利用辐射引发的接枝聚合产生的离子交换剂的脱盐室的电可再生脱盐装置，其中所述离子交换剂是纤维组件和阳离子交换剂和阴离子交换剂形式的非织造织物， 在两个离子交换器之间插入多孔材料。 该设备具有排除液体中的离子的能力，特别适用于发电行业（包括核工业），电子工业和制药工业中纯水的生产，以及对厚液体的脱盐 在食品和化学制造过程中遇到。
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公开(公告)号：US5736023A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-07
申请号：US517075
申请日：1995-08-18
Applicant: Christopher J. Gallagher , Frederick Wilkins , Gary C. Ganzi
Inventor： Christopher J. Gallagher , Frederick Wilkins , Gary C. Ganzi
CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/50 , B01D61/52 , B01J47/08 , C02F1/42 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/4613 , C02F2201/4615
Abstract: Electrodeionization apparatus having a novel polarity reversal protocol designed to provide continuous, high-quality product fluid is described. The protocol involves substitution of a recirculating fluid stream established in an ion-concentrating compartment by a fluid stream having a lower ionic concentration, while maintaining fluid flow through an adjacent ion-depleting compartment. A method and protocol for modifying the ionic makeup of compartment ion exchange material and fluids are also provided. A flow reversal protocol is also provided, during which high-quality fluid product is recovered from the inventive apparatus. The polarity reversal protocol and flow reversal protocol may each be effected separately, or the flow reversal may be introduced into the sequence of the polarity reversal protocol. The inventive electrodeionization apparatus is arranged in a novel cell pair grouping configuration and oriented such that fluid flow through an ion-concentrating compartment is in a substantially upward direction, facilitating efficient removal of gas generated in the ion-concentrating compartment.
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公开(公告)号：US5681438A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-28
申请号：US656138
申请日：1996-05-31
Applicant: Andrew G. Proulx
Inventor： Andrew G. Proulx
CPC classification number: B01J47/08 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/50 , B01D65/003
Abstract: A membrane module in which non-porous membranes are bonded to spacer elements, which elements are in turn bonded to each other to create a membrane support zone as a result of contact with the surface of the membrane opposite the surface to which the membrane is bonded. The membrane is restrained from peeling from the membrane bond by the support zone under opposing pressure as may be caused by fluid flowing past the membrane. The preferred use of such a membrane module is for continuous electrodeionization processes.
Abstract translation: 一种膜组件，其中无孔膜与隔离元件结合，该元件依次结合在一起，以形成膜支撑区，这是由于与膜粘合的表面相对的表面接触 。 通过流体流过膜可能引起的相反的压力下，膜被膜片粘结被膜结合剥离。 这种膜组件的优选用途是用于连续去电工艺。
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公开(公告)号：US5599437A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US492519
申请日：1995-06-20
Applicant: E. Jennings Taylor , Chengdong Zhou , Robert P. Renz , Mahendra K. Sunkara
Inventor： E. Jennings Taylor , Chengdong Zhou , Robert P. Renz , Mahendra K. Sunkara
CPC classification number: B01J47/08 , C02F1/46104 , C02F1/46114 , C02F1/4678 , C02F1/42 , C02F2001/46138 , C02F2001/46161 , C02F2101/20 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/46175
Abstract: A waste solution containing electroactive species, e.g., metal ions, can be remediated to very low levels of contaminant by an electrolysis method including the steps of introducing an electrolyte containing an electroactive species into an electrolytic cell having a cathode and an anode, producing a flow of the electrolyte past at least one of the electrodes at an electrolyte flow rate, and passing an electric current through the solution between the anode and the cathode whereby the electroactive species undergoes an electrochemical reaction at one of the electrodes at an electrochemical reaction rate, using an electric current pulsed at a frequency of 0.5 to 1000 Hertz and a duty cycle of not greater than 50%, and adjusting the electrolyte flow rate for the pulsed current electrolysis such that the electrochemical reaction rate for pulsed current electrolysis is greater than the electrochemical reaction rate for direct current electrolysis. The method is especially useful in increasing the efficiency of electrolytic remediation of metal-containing waste solutions to low levels of metal ion contaminants. The method is preferably conducted using electrodes having very high surface area, optionally coated with an ion exchange resin.
Abstract translation: 包含电活性物质（例如金属离子）的废溶液可以通过电解方法补救到非常低水平的污染物，包括以下步骤：将含有电活性物质的电解质引入具有阴极和阳极的电解池中，产生流动 的电解质以电解质流速通过至少一个电极，并且使电流通过阳极和阴极之间的溶液，由此电活性物质以电化学反应速率在一个电极上进行电化学反应，使用 以0.5〜1000赫兹的频率脉冲的电流和不大于50％的占空比，并调节用于脉冲电流电解的电解质流速，使得脉冲电流电解的电化学反应速率大于电化学反应 直流电解率。 该方法特别可用于提高含金属废物溶液对低水平金属离子污染物的电解修复的效率。 该方法优选使用具有非常高的表面积的电极进行，任选地涂覆有离子交换树脂。
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15.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5558753A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-24
申请号：US437624
申请日：1995-05-09
Applicant: Christopher J. Gallagher , Frederick Wilkins , Gary C. Ganzi
Inventor： Christopher J. Gallagher , Frederick Wilkins , Gary C. Ganzi
CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/50 , B01D61/52 , B01J47/08 , C02F1/42 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/4613 , C02F2201/4615
Abstract: Electrodeionization apparatus having a novel polarity reversal protocol designed to provide continuous, high-quality product fluid is described. The protocol involves substitution of a recirculating fluid stream established in an ion-concentrating compartment by a fluid stream having a lower ionic concentration, while maintaining fluid flow through an adjacent ion-depleting compartment. A method and protocol for modifying the ionic makeup of compartment ion exchange material and fluids are also provided. A flow reversal protocol is also provided, during which high-quality fluid product is recovered from the inventive apparatus. The polarity reversal protocol and flow reversal protocol may each be effected separately, or the flow reversal may be introduced into the sequence of the polarity reversal protocol. The inventive electrodeionization apparatus is arranged in a novel cell pair grouping configuration and oriented such that fluid flow through an ion-concentrating compartment is in a substantially upward direction, facilitating efficient removal of gas generated in the ion-concentrating compartment.
Abstract translation: 描述了具有设计用于提供连续的高质量产品流体的新型极性反转协议的电离电离装置。 该方案包括通过具有较低离子浓度的流体流替代建立在离子浓缩室中的再循环流体流，同时保持流体流过相邻的离子消耗室。 还提供了用于改变室离子交换材料和流体的离子组成的方法和方案。 还提供了流动反转协议，在此期间从本发明的设备回收高质量流体产品。 极性反转协议和流反转协议可以分别进行，或者可以将逆向反转引入到极性反转协议的序列中。 本发明的电去离子装置被布置成新颖的细胞对分组构型并且被定向成使得流过离子浓缩室的流体基本上向上方向，有助于有效地除去在离子浓缩室中产生的气体。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US5547581A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-20
申请号：US439310
申请日：1995-05-11
Applicant: Marc D. Andelman
Inventor： Marc D. Andelman
IPC: B01D15/08 , B01D15/00 , B01J47/08 , C02F1/00 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/469 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/38 , G01N30/50 , G01N30/60 , G01N30/80 , G01N30/96
CPC classification number: G01N30/6069 , B01D15/36 , B01D15/3885 , B01J47/08 , C02F1/4691 , G01N30/50 , G01N30/96 , C02F2301/024 , G01N2030/027 , G01N2030/965 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/38 , G01N30/60 , G01N30/6043 , G01N30/6091 , G01N30/6095 , G01N30/80
Abstract: A flow-through capacitor and a controlled charge chromatography column system using the capacitor for the purification of a fluid-containing material, which column comprises an inlet for a fluid to be purified and an outlet for the discharge of the purified fluid, and a flow-through capacitor disposed within the column. The flow-through capacitor comprises a plurality of spirally-wound, stacked washer or rods to include a first electrically conductive backing layer, such as of graphite, and a first high surface area conductive layer secured to one side of the backing layer, such as carbon fibers, and a second high surface area conductive layer secured to the opposite side of the backing layer, the high surface area material layers arranged to face each other and separated by a nonconductive, ion-permeable spacer layer to insulate electrically the backing and conductive layer. The system includes a DC power source to charge the respective conductive layers with different polarities whereby a fluid-containing material passing through the column is purified by the electrically conductive, high surface area stationary phase and the retention thereof onto the high surface area layer and permitting, for example, the purification of aqueous solutions of liquids, such as salt, and providing for the recovery of a purified liquid.
Abstract translation: 一种流通电容器和使用电容器的受控电荷色谱柱系统，用于净化含流体的材料，该柱包括用于待净化的流体的入口和用于排出纯化流体的出口， 通过电容器设置在该列内。 流通电容器包括多个螺旋卷绕的层叠的垫圈或杆，以包括第一导电背衬层，例如石墨，以及固定到背衬层的一侧的第一高表面积导电层，例如 碳纤维和固定到背衬层的相对侧的第二高表面积导电层，高表面积材料层布置为彼此面对并由不导电的离子可渗透间隔层隔开，以使背衬和导电 层。 该系统包括一个直流电源，用于以不同的极性对相应的导电层进行充电，由此通过该柱的含流体的材料被导电的高表面积固定相净化，并将其保留在高表面积层上并允许 例如，纯化诸如盐的液体的水溶液，并提供回收纯化液体。
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17.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5503729A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-02
申请号：US233092
申请日：1994-04-25
Applicant: Irving D. Elyanow , Arthur L. Goldstein , Russell J. MacDonald , Wayne A. McRae , Keith J. Sims , Li Zhang
Inventor： Irving D. Elyanow , Arthur L. Goldstein , Russell J. MacDonald , Wayne A. McRae , Keith J. Sims , Li Zhang
IPC: A23C9/144 , B01D61/44 , B01D61/46 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/58 , B01J47/08 , C01B11/04 , C01B11/06 , C02F1/42 , C02F1/44 , C02F1/467 , C02F1/469 , C02F9/00
CPC classification number: A23C9/144 , B01D61/44 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/58 , B01J47/08 , C01B11/04 , C01B11/06 , C02F1/441 , C02F1/469 , B01D61/025 , B01D61/027 , B01D61/145 , B01D61/147 , B01D61/422 , C02F1/42 , C02F1/44 , C02F1/4674 , C02F1/4693 , C02F1/4695 , C02F2101/163 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F9/00
Abstract: Electrodialysis ("ED") stacks are disclosed having components selected from the group:a) cation exchange ("CX") membranes and/or CX granules having in at least a surface a predominant amount of sulfonate exchange groups and a minor amount of weakly ionized exchange groups;b) anion exchange ("AX") membranes and/or AX granules having in at least a surface substantially only quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium exchange groups which upon decomposition leave almost no amine or phosphine groups bound to the membranes or granules;c) AX and/or CX granules which are selective to monovalent ions at currents which are fractions of the limiting current of such granules;d) AX and/or CX membranes and granules, such membranes and granules selective to monovalent ions at currents which are fractions of the limiting current of such membranes and granules;e) ion exchange ("IX") granules in which the concentration of IX groups in the inner regions is a fraction (including zero) of the concentration in the outer regions;f) AX membranes and/or granules having in at least a surface AX groups having the formula ##STR1## where the R's represent substituents other than hydroxyethyl having at least two carbon atoms, at least one of the R's represents the polymeric structure of such membranes or granules, or a connection thereto, where two or more R's may represent ring structures and A represents nitrogen or phosphorus.Also disclosed are processes for softening, de-nitrating, de-silicizing or demineralizing water or for removing ash from milk products.
Abstract translation: 公开了电渗析（“ED”）堆，其具有选自以下的组分：a）阳离子交换（“CX”）膜和/或CX颗粒，其在至少一个表面中具有主要量的磺酸盐交换基团和少量的弱 离子交换基团; b）阴离子交换（“AX”）膜和/或AX颗粒，其在至少表面上具有基本上仅季铵和/或鏻交换基团，其在分解时几乎不会与膜或颗粒结合的胺或膦基; c）AX和/或CX颗粒，其在这些颗粒的极限电流的分数的电流下对单价离子是选择性的; d）AX和/或CX膜和颗粒，这些膜和颗粒对于这些膜和颗粒的极限电流分数的电流对单价离子是选择性的; e）离子交换（“IX”）颗粒，其中内部区域中的IX基团的浓度是外部区域中浓度的分数（包括零）; f）在具有式“IMAGE”的至少一个表面AX基团中的AX膜和/或颗粒，其中R代表除具有至少两个碳原子的羟乙基之外的取代基，R'中的至少一个表示这种膜的聚合物结构 或颗粒，或其连接，其中两个或更多个R可以表示环结构，A表示氮或磷。 还公开了用于软化，脱硝，脱硅或脱矿质水或用于从乳制品中除去灰分的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5292422A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-08
申请号：US945151
申请日：1992-09-15
Applicant: Li-Shiang Liang , Gary C. Ganzi , Frederick Wilkins
Inventor： Li-Shiang Liang , Gary C. Ganzi , Frederick Wilkins
IPC: B01D61/46 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/50 , B01D63/08 , B01J47/08 , C02F1/42 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/469 , B01D63/00
CPC classification number: B01J47/08 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/50 , C02F1/42 , C02F1/4604 , C02F1/469 , C02F1/4695 , C02F2201/4611 , C02F2201/46115
Abstract: A novel electrodeionization apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a plurality of disk-shaped concentrating and diluting cell pairs which provide an apparatus which minimizes losses of ion exchange membrane efficiency due to membrane sealing to compartment spacers. In addition, a novel method for filling individual cells or cell pairs with ion exchange resins is disclosed.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种新型的电去电离装置。 该装置包括多个盘形浓缩和稀释电池对，其提供使由于膜密封到隔室间隔件而导致的离子交换膜效率损失最小化的装置。 此外，公开了一种用离子交换树脂填充单个细胞或细胞对的新方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5225056A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-06
申请号：US648874
申请日：1991-01-31
Applicant: Nevill J. Bridger , Mark D. Neville , Andrew D. Turner
Inventor： Nevill J. Bridger , Mark D. Neville , Andrew D. Turner
CPC classification number: B01J47/08
Abstract: A first metal, for example a transition metal such as cobalt, having an insoluble hydroxide is separated from a second metal such as lithium having a soluble hydroxide in an aqueous liquid containing dissolved cations of the metals. The cations are firstly absorbed onto a cation exchange material by electrochemical ion exchange and the second metal then selectively eluted by electrochemical ion exchange under sufficiently high pH conditions, e.g. to 10-13, in a closed loop. Finally, the transition metal is eluted by electrochemical ion exchange under sufficiently low pH conditions, e.g. acidic such as 1-2. The method is applicable to separating trace quantities of Co (e.g. as Co-60) from larger quantities of Li in aqueous solution.
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公开(公告)号：US5154809A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-13
申请号：US417950
申请日：1989-10-06
Applicant: Yoram Oren , Anthony Giuffrida , Stephen Ciaccio
Inventor： Yoram Oren , Anthony Giuffrida , Stephen Ciaccio
CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 , B01D61/48 , B01J47/08 , C02F1/42 , C02F1/4604 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/4612 , C02F2201/4613 , C02F2209/05
Abstract: A process is provided for removing ions from water which is passed through an ion depletion compartment of an electrodeionization apparatus. The electrodeionization apparatus contains an ion depletion compartment containing mixed ion exchange resin beads and an ion concentration compartment which may contain ion exchange resin beads in a given separation stage having an anode and a cathode. The anion resin beads and cation resin beads utilized each comprise beams of substantially uniform size. A second liquid is passed through the ion concentration compartment to collect ions under the influence of DC potential which pass from the depletion compartments into the concentration compartments through ion permeable membranes. The electrodeionization apparatus can be operated continuously since resin regeneration is not required.
Abstract translation: 提供了一种从水中除去离子的方法，该方法通过电去离子装置的离子消耗室。 电去离子装置包含含有混合离子交换树脂珠和离子浓缩室的离子消耗室，离子浓缩室可以在具有阳极和阴极的给定分离阶段中含有离子交换树脂珠。 所使用的阴离子树脂珠和阳离子树脂珠包括基本均匀尺寸的梁。 第二液体通过离子浓度室以在DC电势的影响下收集离子，其通过离子渗透膜从耗尽室进入浓缩室。 由于不需要树脂再生，电动去离子装置可以连续地操作。
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