Abstract:
This invention provides a new photocatalyst material producing apparatus and photocatalyst material producing method that can produce a large quantity of photocatalyst material of high quality by a chemical reaction in light high-field plasma in a highly oxidative high-concentration ozone medium state, instead of systems to produce a photocatalyst material by PVD and CVD, which are conventional dry deposition methods.In a photocatalyst material producing method and photocatalyst material producing apparatus according to this invention, a pair of facing electrodes are provided via a dielectric material in a discharge gap where gas mainly containing oxygen gas is supplied, and an AC voltage is applied between the electrodes to generate dielectric barrier discharge (silent discharge or creeping discharge) in the discharge gap. Thus, oxygen gas containing ozone gas is created and a metal or metal compound is modified to a photocatalyst material by the dielectric barrier discharge.
Abstract:
An ozone generating apparatus is provided which includes a pair of electrodes for producing a discharge by the application of an ac voltage therebetween, and at least one dielectric provided between the pair of electrodes. A source gas containing oxygen is provided into a discharge space in which the discharge is produced to generate ozone by the action of the discharge. A surface lying between at least one of the pair of electrodes and the discharge space and in contact with the discharge has a surface resistivity of 104 Ω to 1011 Ω. The source gas provided into the discharge space includes ultrapure oxygen having a purity of not less than 99.9%.
Abstract:
A reactor produces a surface corona for emitting UV light and for the production of ozone by passing air or oxygen through the surface corona. The emitted UV light activates a photocatalyst coated on a surface facing a surface with embedded electrodes which generate the surface corona. The photocatalyst is a thin film of nanoparticle TiO2 with primary particle size of 0.02 to 0.2 μm was deposited on a substrate by a flame aerosol method. The method combines ozonation and photocatalysis to provide effective and efficient oxidation of alcohols and hydrocarbons to value added products. The method can also be used for air and water cleaning.
Abstract:
The invention features an apparatus and a method for supplying ozonated water to more than one process tool. Ozonated water of a first concentration received from an ozonated water generator and water received from a source are mixed to produce ozonated water of a second concentration. The ozonated water of a second concentration is supplied to a first process tool. Ozonated water from the ozonated water generator is supplied to a second process tool while supplying the ozonated water of the second concentration to the first process tool.
Abstract:
A starting circuit for an electric discharge lamp providing an electric current to a lamp having a first and a second filament. The circuit measures a lamp current and a filament temperature and then compares these against a reference voltage. When the lamp current is below a set threshold value, a relay contact disposed between the first and second filament is closed to direct the electric current through the first and second filaments to initiate pre-heating of the lamp. Once the filament temperature exceeds a set threshold, the relay contact is opened and the electric current passes through heated gas inside the lamp.
Abstract:
A starting circuit for an electric discharge lamp providing an electric current to a lamp having a first and a second filament. The circuit measures a lamp current and a filament temperature and then compares these against a reference voltage. When the lamp current is below a set threshold value, a relay contact disposed between the first and second filament is closed to direct the electric current through the first and second filaments to initiate pre-heating of the lamp. Once the filament temperature exceeds a set threshold, the relay contact is opened and the electric current passes through heated gas inside the lamp.
Abstract:
To enable to reduce a manufacturing cost and to generate high-concentration ozone gas, in a plate-type discharge cell for ozonizer. To improve ozone concentration without depending on reduction of a gap amount in a discharge gap. Dispose dielectric bodies between a high-voltage electrode and a low-voltage electrode to form a discharge gap. On a back surface side of the high-voltage and the low-voltage electrodes, a high-voltage insulating plate and a low-voltage insulating plate are disposed, respectively, for insulating the electrodes and from cooling water. A thickness of the high-voltage insulating plate is set to not less than 0.5 times and not more than 3.5 times the total thickness of the dielectric bodies, which are disposed between the high-voltage and the low-voltage electrodes. Opposed surfaces of the dielectric bodies, which contact the discharge gap, are smoothed such that a roughness Ra thereof is not larger than 2 μm.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for improving the yield of ozone gas in a closed ozone generator unit. In a closed ozone generator unit, oxygen gas is transformed into ozone gas by means of alternating current, the oxygen gas being substantially pressurized before entry into the unit. The unit is exposed to an external pressure substantially equal to or higher than the pressure of the oxygen gas.
Abstract:
An ozone generator for producing ozone at pressures of up to 10,000 psi from oxygen or oxygen containing gas, which contains two electrodes for forming a corona discharge through the input gas, the first electrode being cooled by a first cooling fluid and the second electrode being cooled by a second cooling fluid, which further contains flexible barrier means for equalizing the pressure between the cooling fluids and the input gas.
Abstract:
A three phase power ozonator system in which the head of an ozonator cell containing multiple cylindrical type elements is tri-partitioned to define three sectors in the cell each of which contains a portion of the total number of cylindrical type dielectric elements. The partitions are made of insulating material such as polyvinyl chloride. Each sector is distinct and each sector is adapted to be operated with single phase electrical power. As a result the ozonator cell as a whole is able to operate using three phase electrical power. This arrangement allows for the operation of the ozonator cell in a system having any number of other three phase electrically operated components of equal or smaller electrical load than the ozonator cell in such a way that a balanced electrical load is maintained throughout the system.An electrical supply and control sub-system including a three phase power transformer, current sensors for each electrical sector and voltage sensor for one sector, current and voltage comparators and a variable transformer driven by a reversible electric motor, provides current to the electrodes in all sectors, monitors the current in all phases and turns off the electrical supply if significant imbalances among the sectors are detected.