公开(公告)号：US06854336B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-15

申请号：US10433830

申请日：2001-12-18

Applicant: David John Buttle

Inventor： David John Buttle

IPC: G01L1/00 ,  F17D5/02 ,  G01L1/12 ,  G01N27/82 ,  G01B7/16

CPC classification number: G01N27/82 ,  F16L2101/30 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127

Abstract: Stress in the wall of a pipe (12) is measured using a pig (10) carrying at least one linear array of probes, so that the probes (30) in the array pass in succession over a location on the pipe wall. Each probe (30) comprises an electromagnetic core (32) with two spaced apart electromagnetic poles (34), and a magnetic sensor (36) arranged to sense the reluctance of that part of the magnetic circuit between the poles (34), and an alternating magnetic field is generated in the electromagnet means and consequently in the pipe wall. Successive probes (30) in the array are oriented differently so that the corresponding orientations of the magnetic field in the pipe wall are different. Preferably the probes (30) also include sensors (38) between the two poles (34) to sense magnetic flux perpendicular to the direction of the free space magnetic field between the poles. The signal from the sensor (36) and (38) enable the stress to be determined. Such an array may be used with any long object of ferromagnetic material.

Abstract translation: 使用携带至少一个线性阵列探针的猪（10）测量管（12）的壁中的应力，使得阵列中的探针（30）连续地穿过管壁上的位置。 每个探针（30）包括具有两个间隔开的电磁极（34）的电磁铁芯（32）和布置成感测磁极（34）之间磁路部分的磁阻的磁传感器（36） 在电磁铁装置中产生交变磁场，从而在管壁中产生交变磁场。 阵列中的连续探针（30）的取向不同，使得管壁中磁场的相应取向不同。 优选地，探针（30）还包括在两个极（34）之间的传感器（38），以感测垂直于两极之间的自由空间磁场方向的磁通量。 来自传感器（36）和（38）的信号使得能够确定应力。 这种阵列可以与铁磁材料的任何长的物体一起使用。

公开(公告)号：US20040040389A1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-04

申请号：US10433830

申请日：2003-06-09

Inventor： David John Buttle

IPC: G01L003/00

CPC classification number: G01N27/82 ,  F16L2101/30 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127

Abstract: Stress in the wall of a pipe (12) is measured using a pig (10) carrying at least one linear array of probes, so that the probes (30) in the array pass in succession over a location on the pipe wall. Each probe (30) comprises an electromagnetic core (32) with two spaced apart electromagnetic poles (34), and a magnetic sensor (36) arranged to sense the reluctance of that part of the magnetic circuit between the poles (34), and an alternating magnetic field is generated in the electromagnet means and consequently in the pipe wall. Successive probes (30) in the array are oriented differently so that the corresponding orientations of the magnetic field in the pipe wall are different. Preferably the probes (30) also include sensors (38) between the two poles (34) to sense magnetic flux perpendicular to the direction of the free space magnetic field between the poles. The signal from the sensor (36) and (38) enable the stress to be determined. Such an array may be used with any long object of ferromagnetic material.

Abstract translation: 使用携带至少一个线性阵列探针的猪（10）测量管（12）的壁中的应力，使得阵列中的探针（30）连续地穿过管壁上的位置。 每个探针（30）包括具有两个间隔开的电磁极（34）的电磁铁芯（32）和布置成感测磁极（34）之间磁路部分的磁阻的磁传感器（36） 在电磁铁装置中产生交变磁场，从而在管壁中产生交变磁场。 阵列中的连续探针（30）的取向不同，使得管壁中磁场的相应取向不同。 优选地，探针（30）还包括在两个极（34）之间的传感器（38），以感测垂直于两极之间的自由空间磁场方向的磁通量。 来自传感器（36）和（38）的信号使得能够确定应力。 这种阵列可以与铁磁材料的任何长的物体一起使用。

公开(公告)号：US5828211A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-27

申请号：US553272

申请日：1995-11-16

Applicant: Christopher Brian Scruby ,  David John Buttle ,  Fiona Anne Ravenscroft ,  Carlo Guido de Michelis ,  Massimo Gori ,  Giampiero Antonelli

Inventor： Christopher Brian Scruby ,  David John Buttle ,  Fiona Anne Ravenscroft ,  Carlo Guido de Michelis ,  Massimo Gori ,  Giampiero Antonelli

IPC: G01L1/00 ,  G01L1/12 ,  G01N27/72 ,  G01B7/24 ,  G01R33/18

CPC classification number: G01L1/127 ,  G01L1/125

Abstract: The absolute values of biaxial stresses in a ferromagnetic material (16) are measured using a probe (12) which comprises an electromagnet (26), a sensor (32) for stress-induced magnetic anisotropy (SMA) and a sensor (30) for directional effective permeability (DEP). The DEP sensor (30) enables absolute values of stress to be determined; the SMA sensor (32) enables the directions of the principal stress axes to be accurately determined, and improves the accuracy of the stress measurements.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / GB94 / 01022 Sec。 371日期：1995年11月16日 102（e）日期1995年11月16日PCT 1994年5月12日PCT PCT。 公开号WO94 / 28407 日期1994年12月8日使用包括电磁体（26），用于应力诱导磁各向异性（SMA）的传感器（32）和用于应力诱导的磁各向异性（SMA）的传感器（32）的探针（12）测量铁磁材料（16）中的双轴应力的绝对值 传感器（30）用于方向有效渗透率（DEP）。 DEP传感器（30）能够确定应力的绝对值; SMA传感器（32）能够准确地确定主应力轴的方向，并提高应力测量的精度。

公开(公告)号：US4802368A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-07

申请号：US130545

申请日：1987-12-09

Applicant: Jan O. Nordvall

Inventor： Jan O. Nordvall

IPC: G01L1/12

CPC classification number: G01L1/127 ,  G01L1/125

Abstract: A magnetoelastic force transducer is made of two identical, cylindrical bodies of magnetic material which are held together by means of a stud bolt. In an axially extending and concentrically located inner space there is placed a bobbin with two measuring windings connected in opposition and an excitation winding supplied with alternating current. The interior of the transducer is shaped such that a thin cylindrical tubular wall is formed immediately opposite to the respective measuring winding in each one of the bodies. When the transducer is force-loaded via the stud bolt, a compressive stress arises in one of these tubular walls and a tensile stress arises in the other tubular wall. This influences the magnetic conditions such that a signal is obtained from the measuring windings which is proportional to the applied force.

Abstract translation: 磁弹力传感器由两个相同的圆柱体的磁性材料制成，它们通过双头螺栓固定在一起。 在轴向延伸和同心位置的内部空间中，放置一个线轴，其中两个测量绕组相对连接，并且一个励磁绕组提供有交流电。 换能器的内部成形为使得在每个主体中立即与相应测量绕组相对的薄壁圆柱形管状壁形成。 当传感器通过双头螺栓加载时，这些管状壁之一产生压缩应力，另一个管壁产生拉伸应力。 这影响磁条件，使得从与施加的力成比例的测量绕组获得信号。

公开(公告)号：US4598595A

公开(公告)日：1986-07-08

申请号：US724733

申请日：1985-04-18

Applicant: John M. Vranish ,  Eugene Mitchell ,  Robert DeMoyer

Inventor： John M. Vranish ,  Eugene Mitchell ,  Robert DeMoyer

IPC: G01L1/12 ,  G01L3/10 ,  G06F3/033 ,  G06F3/043 ,  G01L3/00 ,  G01B7/24

CPC classification number: G06F3/043 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127 ,  G01L3/102 ,  G01L3/105 ,  Y10S73/02

Abstract: A torque gauge using magnetoelastic ribbons is presented wherein changes in the magnetic characteristics of these ribbons are detectable in a push-pull mode for determining torque forces applied to the ribbons. Respective tensile and compressive forces applied to the ribbons cause a change in the magnetic qualities of the ribbons and of the inductance of coils wound about the ribbons with the change of inductance being a measure of the torque forces applied to the input of the device.

Abstract translation: 提出了使用磁弹性带的扭矩计，其中这些带的磁特性的变化可以在用于确定施加到带上的扭矩力的推挽模式中被检测。 施加到带的相应的拉伸和压缩力导致带的磁性质和缠绕在带上的线圈的电感的变化，随着电感的变化是施加到装置的输入的扭矩力的量度。

公开(公告)号：US4467662A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-28

申请号：US485392

申请日：1983-04-15

Applicant: Stefan Valdemarsson

Inventor： Stefan Valdemarsson

IPC: G01L1/12

CPC classification number: G01L1/127 ,  G01L1/125 ,  Y10S73/02

Abstract: Force measuring equipment has a magnetoelastic transducer with an excitation winding supplied with alternating current, which generates a primary flux in a magnetic core of the transducer, and a measuring winding in which a signal voltage is induced, the signal voltage giving a measure of the force applied to the transducer core. The signal voltage is supplied to signal processing members which are arranged to form an output signal by phase-sensitive rectification of the signal voltage. Control members sense when the primary flux passes a positive and a negative reference level, and switch polarity reversing members at the times during each period of the AC supply when the primary flux with a certain sign of its time rate of change passes the positive reference level and with the opposite sign of its time rate of change passes the negative reference level.

Abstract translation: 力测量设备具有磁弹性传感器，其具有提供有交流电的激励绕组，其在换能器的磁芯中产生主要磁通，以及测量绕组，其中产生信号电压，信号电压给出力的量度 应用于换能器芯。 信号电压被提供给信号处理部件，信号处理部件通过信号电压的相位敏感整流来形成输出信号。 当主通量通过正参考电平和负参考电平时，控制构件感测到，当具有其时间变化率的某个符号的主通量通过正参考电平时，在AC电源的每个周期期间切换极性反转构件 而其时间变化率的相反标志通过负参考水平。

公开(公告)号：US4434671A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-06

申请号：US293982

申请日：1981-08-18

Applicant: Ichiro Yamashita ,  Yukihiko Ise

Inventor： Ichiro Yamashita ,  Yukihiko Ise

IPC: G01L1/12 ,  G01L5/10

CPC classification number: G01L5/106 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127 ,  G01L5/10 ,  G01L5/108 ,  Y10S73/02

Abstract: A tension sensor for sensing tension in the magnetic tape by measuring variations in an inductance value which arise as a result of applying stress which has been transformed from tension in the object to be measured to an amorphous magnetic alloy part of an inductance element. The magnetostrictive effect of the amorphous magnetic alloy which is both resilient and magnetostrictive is utilized in sensing the tension in the tape. The magnetic alloy is used for at least a part of a magnetic core of the inductance element.

Abstract translation: 一种张力传感器，用于通过测量由于将待测物体中的张力转变成电感元件的非晶磁性合金部分的应力而产生的电感值的变化来检测磁带中的张力。 弹性和磁致伸缩的非晶磁性合金的磁致伸缩效应被用于感测磁带中的张力。 磁性合金用于电感元件的磁芯的至少一部分。

公开(公告)号：US4316146A

公开(公告)日：1982-02-16

申请号：US68183

申请日：1979-08-20

Applicant: Leif A. Jilken

Inventor： Leif A. Jilken

IPC: G01B7/24 ,  E01F9/669 ,  E01F15/02 ,  E01F15/08 ,  G01L1/12 ,  G01N27/72 ,  G01R33/12 ,  G01R33/18

CPC classification number: G01N27/72 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127

Abstract: A method and device are described for measuring a change in the mechanical state aiming at detecting the disturbance the change in state has on a magnetic flux (.phi.). This flux is brought to flow through at least a part of the body (1) under the influence of a driving magnetizing force (H.sub.0).In order to achieve an unambiguous measuring result the average length (l) of the magnetic circuit is kept constant and independent of the change in the mechanical state. The flux (.phi.) consists partly of a main flux (.phi..sub.0) having a definite direction and being of such a magnitude that the magnetic properties of the body depart from the region of irreversibility and partly of an alternating, gradually vanishing flux (.phi..sub.v) superimposed upon the main flux. The alternating flux must have such an initial magnitude that saturation is obtained in both directions of the alternating flux (.phi..sub.v). After the vanishing of the alternating flux (.phi..sub.v) the disturbance generated through the change in the mechanical state is indicated or registered as a voltage which is induced by the change in flux corresponding to the disturbance.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于测量机械状态的变化的方法和装置，其目的在于检测状态变化对磁通量（phi）的干扰。 该磁通在驱动磁化力（H0）的影响下流过主体（1）的至少一部分。 为了实现明确的测量结果，磁路的平均长度（l）保持恒定，与机械状态的变化无关。 磁通（phi）部分地由具有确定方向的主磁通（phi 0）组成，并且具有使得体的磁性能偏离不可逆区域的部分，部分是交替的逐渐消失的磁通（phi v ）叠加在主通量上。 交变通量必须具有这样的初始幅度，即在交变磁通（phi v）的两个方向上获得饱和。 在交变磁通（phi v）消失之后，通过机械状态的变化产生的干扰被指示或记录为由对应于扰动的磁通变化引起的电压。

公开(公告)号：US3866462A

公开(公告)日：1975-02-18

申请号：US38085373

申请日：1973-07-19

Applicant: CERMO

Inventor： FRAUDIN CLAUDE J

IPC: G01L1/00 ,  G01D5/20 ,  G01L1/12 ,  G01L3/10

CPC classification number: G01L3/102 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127 ,  G01L3/105 ,  Y10S73/02

Abstract: A stress gauge is described for measuring surface stresses, such as in rotating shafts of magnetostrictive material. The gauge includes a stationary member facing the surface or surrounding it in the case of a shaft. The surface of the stationary member has two circumferentially extending rows of poles facing the magnetostrictive material. A first series of windings link the poles of each row while another series of windings link the poles of each column. When the magnetostrictive material is unstressed, energization of one of the series of windings will produce a magnetic flux which has zero linkage with the other series of windings. When the material is stressed, the flux is distorted and couples the other series of windings in proportion to the degree of stress.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于测量表面应力的应力计，例如在磁致伸缩材料的旋转轴中。 仪表包括面向表面的固定构件或在轴的情况下围绕它。 固定构件的表面具有面向磁致伸缩材料的两个周向延伸的极列。 第一系列绕组连接每行的极点，而另一系列绕组连接每列的极点。 当磁致伸缩材料不受应力时，一系列绕组中的一个的通电将产生与另一系列绕组零链接的磁通量。 当材料受到应力时，通量变形并与另一系列绕组成比例地与应力程度相结合。

公开(公告)号：US3861206A

公开(公告)日：1975-01-21

申请号：US34689473

申请日：1973-04-02

Applicant: HITACHI LTD

Inventor： KAWAFUNE KAZUYOSHI ,  NAKAZAWA KOJI

IPC: G01L1/00 ,  G01L1/12 ,  G01L3/10 ,  G01N27/72 ,  G01R33/18

CPC classification number: G01L3/102 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127 ,  G01L3/103 ,  G01L3/105 ,  Y10S73/02

Abstract: A method of measuring a stress of a material to be measured comprising the steps of magnetizing a ferromagnetic film formed on the surface of the material and detecting the variation of a magnetic flux of the film which is dependent upon the variation of the stress of the material to be measured, and a device for putting the method into practice.

Abstract translation: 测量待测材料的应力的方法包括以下步骤：磁化形成在材料表面上的铁磁膜，并检测取决于材料应力变化的膜的磁通量的变化 被测量，以及用于将该方法付诸实践的装置。