公开(公告)号：US07578174B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-25

申请号：US11798345

申请日：2007-05-14

Applicant: Martin Hofmann

Inventor： Martin Hofmann

IPC: G01N1/00

CPC classification number: G01N35/1095 ,  B01L3/561 ,  B01L2300/0838 ,  G01R33/307 ,  G01R33/4808

Abstract: An apparatus for analyzing a measuring substance which is dissolved in a solvent, comprising a conduit (4) for transporting the dissolved measuring substance from a feed means (3) to a measuring location (12), wherein the feed means (3) is designed to optionally feed a solvent or dissolved measuring substance into the conduit (4), is characterized in that the conduit (4) is designed, at least partially, as a polycapillary area (9) which has N parallel connected capillaries (21a, 21b, 21c; 62a, 62b), such that the individual capillaries (21a, 21b, 21c; 62a, 62b) have identical flow times from the feed means (3) to the measuring location (12) and wherein N≧2. The apparatus improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the analysis.

Abstract translation: 一种用于分析溶解在溶剂中的测量物质的装置，包括用于将溶解的测量物质从进料装置（3）输送到测量位置（12）的导管（4），其中所述进料装置（3）被设计 任选地将溶剂或溶解的测量物质进料到导管（4）中，其特征在于，导管（4）至少部分地被设计为具有N个平行连接的毛细管（21a，21b）的多毛细管区域（9） 21c; 62a，62b），使得各个毛细管（21a，21b，21c; 62a，62b）具有从进料装置（3）到测量位置（12）的相同的流动时间，并且其中N≥2。 该装置提高了分析的信噪比。

公开(公告)号：US07480553B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-20

申请号：US11882271

申请日：2007-07-31

Applicant: Martin Hofmann ,  Klaus Webers

Inventor： Martin Hofmann ,  Klaus Webers

IPC: B62D6/08

CPC classification number: B60G21/0555 ,  B60G17/0152 ,  B60G17/0162 ,  B60G2400/208 ,  B60G2400/32 ,  B60G2400/822 ,  B60G2800/012

Abstract: A system and method are provided for controlling or automatically controlling the driving dynamics of a two-track, two-axle motor vehicle having only one driven axle, which, for the rolling moment support, has a system for changing the distribution of the wheel contact forces to the left and right wheel respectively of each axle. The fractions of the rolling moment support taken over by the front axle and by the rear axle are changeable as a function of the drive torque provided by the drive assembly of the motor vehicle. For this purpose, a desired wheel contact force for the driven wheels can be determined from the drive torque, and by way of this desired wheel contact force, the distribution of the rolling torque support can be determined. A change of the distribution of the rolling moment support as a function of the drive torque of the drive assembly is preferably carried out only if the otherwise available contact force would otherwise not be sufficient for the transmission of the drive torque to the road. A slip control may be superimposed on this pilot control, which slip control seeks to minimize the deviation between the determined rotational speed difference of the driven wheels and the rotational speed difference corresponding to the respective driving condition.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于控制或自动控制仅具有一个从动轴的双轨双轴汽车的驾驶动力学的系统和方法，其对于滚动力矩支撑具有用于改变车轮接触分布的系统 各轴分别对左右轮的力。 作为由机动车辆的驱动组件提供的驱动扭矩的函数，由前桥和后桥承受的滚动力矩支撑的分数是可变的。 为此，可以根据驱动转矩确定从动轮的期望的车轮接触力，并且通过该期望的车轮接触力，可以确定滚动转矩支撑件的分布。 优选地，仅当否则可用的接触力不足以将驱动扭矩传递到道路时，作为驱动组件的驱动扭矩的函数的滚动力矩支撑件的分布的改变才能实现。 滑动控制可以叠加在该导向控制上，该滑动控制试图使所确定的从动轮的转速差与对应于相应行驶条件的转速差之间的偏差最小化。

公开(公告)号：US20070266768A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-22

申请号：US11798059

申请日：2007-05-10

Applicant: Martin Hofmann

Inventor： Martin Hofmann

IPC: G01N30/30 ,  G01N30/62

CPC classification number: G01N24/08 ,  G01N30/84 ,  G01R33/28 ,  G01R33/307 ,  G01R33/4808

Abstract: A method for coupling a gas chromatograph (21) to an NMR spectrometer, wherein the carrier gas present at the outlet of a separating column (23) of the gas chromatograph (21) including a sample contained in the carrier gas is supplied via a heated transfer line (1) to a collecting device (2) for the sample contained in the carrier gas, is characterized in that the carrier gas containing the sample is introduced into a collecting liquid (8) in the collecting device (2), and the sample is collected in the collecting liquid (8), wherein the collecting liquid (8) is suitable as an NMR solvent for the sample. The sample loss of the coupling method is reduced.

Abstract translation: 一种将气相色谱仪（21）耦合到NMR光谱仪的方法，其中存在于包含载气中的样品的气相色谱仪（21）的分离塔（23）的出口处的载气通过加热 传送管线（1）到载体中所含样品的收集装置（2）的特征在于，将含有样品的载气引入到收集装置（2）中的收集液（8）中， 样品收集在收集液体（8）中，其中收集液（8）适合作为样品的NMR溶剂。 减少了耦合方法的样品损失。

公开(公告)号：US20070138011A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-21

申请号：US11637877

申请日：2006-12-13

Applicant: Gudrun Hofmann ,  Martin Hofmann

Inventor： Gudrun Hofmann ,  Martin Hofmann

IPC: G01N27/26

CPC classification number: G01N27/286 ,  Y10T436/116664

Abstract: An electrode rod (1;21) for a pH meter, comprising a measuring end (2; 22) for immersion into a liquid test sample (31), wherein the measuring end (2; 22) has a pH measuring element, and wherein electrical feed lines (5) in the electrode rod (1;21) extend towards the pH measuring element, is characterized in that at least one capillary (8, 9, 10; 23) for feeding a liquid into the test sample (31) extends in the electrode rod (1; 21), and the at least one capillary (8, 9, 10; 23) has an outlet opening (11, 12, 13; 24) in the area of the measuring end (2; 22). The inventive electrode rod facilitates and accelerates preparation of liquid test samples, in particular, adjustment of a pH value for small amounts of test samples or narrow sample containers.

Abstract translation: 一种用于pH计的电极棒（1; 21），包括用于浸入液体测试样品（31）中的测量端（2; 22），其中所述测量端（2; 22）具有pH测量元件，并且其中 所述电极棒（1; 21）中的馈电线（5）朝向所述pH测量元件延伸，其特征在于，用于将液体供给到所述测试样品（31）中的至少一个毛细管（8,9,10,23） 在所述电极棒（1; 21）中延伸，并且所述至少一个毛细管（8,9,10,23）在所述测量端（2; 22）的区域中具有出口开口（11,12,13; 24） ）。 本发明的电极棒促进并加速液体测试样品的制备，特别是调节少量测试样品或窄样品容器的pH值。

公开(公告)号：US20050252859A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-17

申请号：US11114150

申请日：2005-04-26

Applicant: Martin Hofmann ,  Werner Maas

Inventor： Martin Hofmann ,  Werner Maas

IPC: B01D15/08 ,  F26B3/06 ,  F26B9/06 ,  F26B21/00 ,  F26B21/12 ,  F26B21/14 ,  G01N1/34 ,  G01N1/40 ,  G01N24/00 ,  G01N30/00 ,  G01N30/46 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/72 ,  G01R33/30

CPC classification number: G01N1/405 ,  F26B21/007 ,  G01N30/6043 ,  G01N30/6091 ,  G01N2001/4061 ,  G01N2030/009 ,  G01R33/30 ,  Y10T436/143333 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  Y10T436/25125 ,  Y10T436/25375 ,  Y10T436/255

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for spectrometric investigation of a plurality of samples dissolved in a solvent, comprising the following steps: (a) guiding a first solvent with a sample through an SPE cartridge (5) for concentrating the sample in the cartridge (5); (b) positioning the cartridge (5) in a carrier (4) for a plurality of cartridges (5); (c) repeating steps (a) and (b) for a desired number of samples; (d) drying the concentrated samples through removal of the residual first solvent, in particular, dehydration or evaporation; (e) dissolving each sample in a second solvent, transferring these dissolved samples from the cartridges (5) to a spectrometer and acquiring a spectrum of each sample. The method is characterized in that all samples are dried together in step (d) subsequent to steps (b) and (c) while the cartridges (5) with samples are positioned in the carrier (4). The drying process is thereby considerably accelerated in a straightforward technical manner.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种溶解在溶剂中的多个样品的光谱测定方法，包括以下步骤：（a）通过SPE柱（5）引导具有样品的第一溶剂用于将样品浓缩到盒（5）中， ; （b）将盒（5）定位在用于多个盒（5）的托架（4）中; （c）对所需数量的样品重复步骤（a）和（b）; （d）通过除去残留的第一溶剂，特别是脱水或蒸发来干燥浓缩的样品; （e）将每个样品溶解在第二溶剂中，将这些溶解的样品从盒（5）转移到光谱仪中并获取每个样品的光谱。 该方法的特征在于，在步骤（b）和（c）之后的步骤（d）中，将所有样品干燥在一起，同时带有样品的盒（5）位于载体（4）中。 因此，干燥过程以直接的技术方式大大加速。

公开(公告)号：US06838880B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-04

申请号：US10388369

申请日：2003-03-13

Applicant: Martin Hofmann ,  Manfred Spraul ,  Robert Eric Nast ,  Damon Leslie Harris

Inventor： Martin Hofmann ,  Manfred Spraul ,  Robert Eric Nast ,  Damon Leslie Harris

IPC: G01R33/30 ,  G01R33/34 ,  G01V3/00

CPC classification number: G01R33/307 ,  G01R33/34023 ,  G01R33/34092

Abstract: A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy probe has a sample cell into and out of which a room temperature liquid sample may be directed. The cell is surrounded by a radio frequency coil that is used to perform NMR measurements of the liquid sample, and which is maintained at cryogenic temperatures. The coil is separated from the sample cell by a thermally insulative boundary, such as a vacuum. The sample may enter the cell through an input path, and may exit through an output path. The input path, output path and sample cell may be surrounded by a sheath through which flows room temperature gas. The ends of the sample cell may be tapered to promote thorough flow through the cell, and flow diverters may be included in the sample cell adjacent to the input and output paths to force flow to the outer wall of the sample cell.

Abstract translation: 核磁共振（NMR）光谱探针具有可以引导室温液体样品的样品池。 电池被用于执行液体样品的NMR测量并且保持在低温下的射频线圈包围。 线圈通过绝热边界例如真空与样品池分离。 样本可以通过输入路径进入单元格，并且可以通过输出路径退出。 输入路径，输出路径和样品池可以被护套包围，流过室温气体。 样品池的端部可以是锥形的以促进通过电池的彻底流动，并且流动转向器可以包括在与输入和输出路径相邻的样品池中，以迫使流向样品池的外壁。

公开(公告)号：US06741079B2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-25

申请号：US10161746

申请日：2002-06-05

Applicant: Martin Hofmann ,  Ernst Ulrich Braumann

Inventor： Martin Hofmann ,  Ernst Ulrich Braumann

IPC: G01V300

CPC classification number: G01R33/30 ,  G01R33/302

Abstract: The invention concerns an NMR sample holder for NMR samples with a short sample tube of constant diameter which is clamped in a largely gas-tight fashion and with a movable plunger and a rotor. The inventive device increases flexibility compared to conventional sample holders, reduces the vapor volume over the sample liquid in the sample tube and prevents deviations from precise orientation. The invention also concerns a method for simple and safe exchange of the sample tube thereby drastically minimizing loss through breakage.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于NMR样品的NMR样品保持器，其具有恒定直径的短样品管，其被大气密封地夹紧并且具有可移动的柱塞和转子。 本发明的装置与常规样品保持器相比增加了灵活性，降低了样品管中的样品液体上的蒸汽体积，并防止了偏离精确取向。 本发明还涉及用于简单和安全地交换样品管的方法，从而通过破裂极大地最小化损失。

公开(公告)号：US5517856A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-21

申请号：US435879

申请日：1995-05-05

Applicant: Martin Hofmann ,  Manfred Spraul

Inventor： Martin Hofmann ,  Manfred Spraul

IPC: G01R33/30 ,  G01R33/20

CPC classification number: G01R33/30 ,  G01R33/302

Abstract: An NMR sample holder comprises:a rotor 2,3 having a central bore 2e with an internal thread for at least a portion 2g of its length, ,a hollow cylindrical sample tube 5 having a closed end and an open end, and having an outer diameter of less than 3 mm, the diameter being such as to enable the sample tube 5 to be accommodated within the central bore 2e in the said rotor,a centring screw 7 having an external thread 7g adapted to engage the said internal thread 2g of the central rotor bore and a central bore 7e adapted to accommodate the sample tube and to centre the sample tube in the central bore of the rotor, anda sealing member 6, 6' which is a sliding fit on the sample tube 5 and adapted to form a seal with an internal surface of the central bore of the rotor and with the sample tube 5.

Abstract translation: NMR样品保持器包括：具有中心孔2e的转子2,3，其具有用于其长度的2g的至少部分2g的内螺纹，具有封闭端和开口端的中空圆柱形样品管5，并且具有外部 直径小于3mm，直径使得样品管5能够容纳在所述转子中的中心孔2e内;定心螺钉7具有外螺纹7g，外螺纹7g适于与所述内螺纹2g接合 中心转子孔和中心孔7e，其适于容纳样品管并使样品管居中在转子的中心孔中;以及密封构件6,6'，其被滑动配合在样品管5上并适于形成 与转子的中心孔的内表面和样品管5的密封。

公开(公告)号：US5397989A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-14

申请号：US136445

申请日：1993-10-14

Applicant: Manfred Spraul ,  Martin Hofmann

Inventor： Manfred Spraul ,  Martin Hofmann

IPC: G01R33/30 ,  G01V3/00

CPC classification number: G01R33/307

Abstract: An NMR spectrometer (10) for the measurement of liquid samples having a probe head (20) exhibiting an upper and a lower support (21 or 22), a connector (5) for a feed conduit (15) for the introduction of a liquid sample (1) into the spectrometer (10) and a connector (6) for a drain conduit (16) for the drainage of the liquid sample (1) out of the spectrometer (10), a sample tube (3), arranged between the upper and the lower supports (21 or 22), for the acceptance of the fluid sample (1), whereby the one end of the sample tube (3) is connected to the connector (5) for the feed conduit (15) and the other end to the connector (6) for the drain conduit (16), exhibits, coaxially to the sample tube (3) a further tube (4) for the acceptance of a calibration fluid (2) which, on one end, is connected to an additional connector (7) for a feed conduit (17) to introduce the calibration fluid (2) into the spectrometer (10) and, on its other end, to an additional connector (8) for a drain conduit (18) to drain the calibration fluid (2) out of the spectrometer (10). In this manner, it is possible to measure the sample fluid (1) in a simple fashion, without the previous mixing of additives and, subsequent to the measurement, to regain the sample fluid in its original state, while allowing for the introduction of a calibration fluid (2) for field stabilization and for the quantitative comparison of line intensities.

Abstract translation: 一种用于测量具有显示上部和下部支撑件（21或22）的探针头（20）的液体样品的NMR光谱仪（10），用于引入液体的进料管道（15）的连接器（5） 样品（1）进入光谱仪（10）和用于排出导管（16）的连接器（6），用于将液体样品（1）排出光谱仪（10）;样品管（3），布置在 上部和下部支撑件（21或22），用于接受流体样品（1），由此样品管（3）的一端连接到用于进料管道（15）的连接器（5）和 另一端连接到排水管道（16）的连接器（6），与样品管（3）同轴地显示另一个用于接受校准流体（2）的管（4），该校准流体一端是 连接到用于进料管道（17）的附加连接器（7），以将校准流体（2）引入光谱仪（10）中，并且在另一端连接到用于排水管道（1）的附加连接器（8） 8）将校准流体（2）从光谱仪（10）中排出。 以这种方式，可以以简单的方式测量样品流体（1），而不需要先前混合添加剂，并且在测量之后，将样品流体恢复到原始状态，同时允许引入 校准液（2）用于场稳定和线强度的定量比较。