公开(公告)号：US20030161022A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-28

申请号：US10295376

申请日：2002-11-15

Applicant: OPTIVA, INC.

Inventor： Pavel I. Lazarev ,  Michael V. Paukshto ,  Vladimir Sulimov

IPC: G02F001/03 ,  G02F001/07

CPC classification number: G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/0118 ,  G02F1/0356 ,  G02F1/065 ,  G02F1/1326 ,  G02F1/3131 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F2201/15 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  G02F2203/026

Abstract: An electrooptical device is provided comprising at least one substrate, at least one pair of electrodes and at least one layer of an electrooptical material. The electrooptical material represents an optically anisotropic thin crystal film and contains molecules having aromatic rings and possessing a lattice with an interplanar spacing (Bragg's reflection) of 3.4null0.2 {acute over (null)} along one of optical axes. The electrooptical material has anisotropic refractive indices and/or anisotropic absorption coefficients that are depended on an electric field strength.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种电光装置，其包括至少一个衬底，至少一对电极和至少一层电光材料层。 电光材料表示光学各向异性薄膜，并且含有具有芳香环并具有3.4±0.2的平面间隔（布拉格反射）的晶格的分子（沿着光轴沿着一个光电光学材料具有各向异性折射率 和/或取决于电场强度的各向异性吸收系数。

公开(公告)号：US20030133490A1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-17

申请号：US10276944

申请日：2002-11-18

Inventor： Norbert Grote ,  Georges Przyrembel ,  Huihai Vao

IPC: G01J005/08

CPC classification number: G02F1/3132 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F1/065 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  G02F2202/022

Abstract: The invention relates to a tuneable optical grid-assisted add/drop filter in codirectional mode of operation, which has the structure of a directional coupler filter with at least two adjacent waveguides having different refractive indices. The inventive filter must exhibit a spectral bandwidth of the filter transmission curve in the range from 50 GHz to 400 GHz for a high resolution in order to be tuneable and it must be producible in a more straightforward and more cost-effective manner, with dimensional tolerances higher than those of InP based add/drop filters. For that purpose, the material of the two waveguides is composed of two different classes of materials having different optical parameters. The thermal refraction index coefficient dn/dT, the electro-optic coefficient dn/dE or the dispersion dn/dnull of these two materials differentiate from each other in such a way that, in case of an action carried out upon the two waveguides with the same technical means with a view to changing the temperature, the electric field or the wavelength, effects with different strength occur and therefore, means for changing these parameters are provided. A polymer and silica are used as wave guide materials arranged vertically or horizontally relative to each other. For changing the optical parameter dn/dT, a device for modifying the temperature is used to influence the whole surface of a chip which contains the filter, said device being possibly identical to a device fore stabilizing the chip temperature.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及同向操作模式的可调光学网格辅助加/减滤波器，其具有具有至少两个具有不同折射率的相邻波导的定向耦合器滤波器的结构。 本发明的滤波器必须在50GHz至400GHz的范围内呈现出高分辨率的滤波器传输曲线的频谱带宽，以便可调谐，并且必须以更直接和更具成本效益的方式产生尺寸公差 高于基于InP的添加/删除过滤器。 为此，两个波导的材料由具有不同光学参数的两种不同类型的材料组成。 这两种材料的热折射系数dn / dT，电光系数dn / dE或分散体dn / dlambd以这样一种方式彼此区分，使得在两个波导上进行动作的情况下， 为了改变温度，电场或波长，出现了具有不同强度的效果的相同的技术手段，因此提供了改变这些参数的手段。 使用聚合物和二氧化硅作为相对于彼此垂直或水平布置的波导材料。 为了改变光学参数dn / dT，用于改变温度的装置用于影响包含滤光片的芯片的整个表面，所述装置可能与稳定芯片温度的装置相同。

公开(公告)号：US5784398A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-21

申请号：US731451

申请日：1996-10-15

Applicant: Markus-Christian Amann ,  Stefan Illek

Inventor： Markus-Christian Amann ,  Stefan Illek

IPC: G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/313 ,  H01S3/098 ,  H01S5/00 ,  H01S5/062 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S3/19

CPC classification number: G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/4215 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  H01S5/1032 ,  G02B2006/12107 ,  G02B2006/12147 ,  G02F1/3133 ,  G02F2001/3135 ,  G02F2201/30 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  H01S5/06206 ,  H01S5/1035

Abstract: An optoelectric component has two waveguide layers and a layer with a periodic structure, which layers are arranged parallel to one another and are dimensioned so that a codirectional coupling is produced between modes guided in each of the waveguide layers. In order to prevent undesirable reflections, changes in the effective refractive index in the periodic structure is gradually changed along the direction of propagation. This change can be by the boundary of the periodic structure extending at an angle other than a right angle to the direction of propagation, either in a vertical or a lateral direction. The change can also be accomplished by a gradual change of the composition at the boundary of the periodic structure and adjacent portions or sections.

Abstract translation: 光电部件具有两个波导层和具有周期性结构的层，这些层彼此平行地布置并且尺寸设计成使得在每个波导层中引导的模式之间产生编码耦合。 为了防止不期望的反射，周期性结构中的有效折射率的变化沿着传播方向逐渐变化。 该变化可以是在垂直方向或横向方向上以与传播方向成直角的角度延伸的周期性结构的边界。 该变化也可以通过在周期性结构和相邻部分或部分的边界处的组成的逐渐改变来实现。

公开(公告)号：US5502779A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-26

申请号：US335233

申请日：1994-11-07

Applicant: Gregory A. Magel

Inventor： Gregory A. Magel

IPC: G02B6/13 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/015 ,  G02F1/025 ,  H01L21/70

CPC classification number: G02F1/011 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02F2001/0152 ,  G02F2201/063 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  G02F2202/101 ,  G02F2202/105

Abstract: An optical waveguide (20) is comprised of a core layer (20) fabricated on an interference layer (18). The interference layer (18) is supported by a lower cladding layer (16) deposited on a semiconductor substrate (12), a and Light travels through the core layer and is coupled into the interference layer by a grating. An electronic element in the interference layer modulates the light passing through the interference layer. The modulated light is then coupled back into the core layer by either another portion of the grating, or a separate grating.

Abstract translation: 光波导（20）由在干涉层（18）上制造的芯层（20）组成。 干涉层（18）由沉积在半导体衬底（12）上的下包覆层（16）支撑，并且光穿过芯层并通过光栅耦合到干涉层中。 干涉层中的电子元件调制通过干涉层的光。 然后将调制的光通过光栅的另一部分或单独的光栅耦合回核心层。

公开(公告)号：US5157537A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-20

申请号：US650559

申请日：1991-02-01

Applicant: David Rosenblatt

Inventor： David Rosenblatt

IPC: G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/015 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F3/02

CPC classification number: G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/015 ,  G02F1/0338 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  G02F2202/101 ,  G02F2202/105 ,  G02F2203/01 ,  G02F2203/10 ,  G02F2203/12 ,  G02F2203/22 ,  G02F3/024

Abstract: An optical apparatus consisting of a laser for producing a coherent polarized beam of electromagnetic radiation of a preselected wavelength. A substrate of silicon has a first transparent cover layer for receiving the polarized beam substantially normally incident thereto, an a second transparent guide layer for receiving the polarized beam from said first layer and for supporting at least one resonant mode. The first and second layers have a preselected index of refraction and a grating is interposed between them, having a grating period less than half the preselected wavelength. The layers and grating interact to produce a standing wave resonance by Bragg reflection. A control obtains a resonance wavelength in the guide layer equal to the predetermined radiation wavelength and thereby high reflectance to modulate the polarized beam.

Abstract translation: 一种由用于产生预选波长的电磁辐射的相干偏振光束的激光器组成的光学装置。 硅衬底具有用于接收基本上正常入射到其上的偏振光束的第一透明覆盖层，用于接收来自所述第一层的偏振光束并用于支持至少一个谐振模式的第二透明引导层。 第一层和第二层具有预选的折射率，并且在它们之间插入光栅，其光栅周期小于预选波长的一半。 层和光栅通过布拉格反射相互作用产生驻波共振。 控制器获得等于预定辐射波长的引导层中的共振波长，从而获得高反射率以调制偏振光束。

公开(公告)号：US4006963A

公开(公告)日：1977-02-08

申请号：US597663

申请日：1975-07-21

Applicant: Peter Baues ,  Hans Mahlein ,  Achim Reichelt ,  Gerhard Winzer

Inventor： Peter Baues ,  Hans Mahlein ,  Achim Reichelt ,  Gerhard Winzer

IPC: G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/05 ,  G02F1/295 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02B5/14 ,  G02B5/18

CPC classification number: G02F1/2955 ,  G02F1/295 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: A controllable, electro-optical grating coupler for the optional switch-over or modulation of optical waves in waveguides includes a substrate with a first areal electrode arranged on the substrate and a first dielectric layer arranged on the electrode and carrying a waveguide. A periodic grating structure is arranged in the waveguide transversely to the direction of propagation of light and either the grating structure of the waveguide consist of electro-optical material in the region of the grating structure. A second dielectric layer is arranged on the waveguide and a second areal electrode is arranged on the dielectric layer. By varying the voltage across the electrodes it is possible to amplify or reduce the interference provided by the grating structure so that the light in the waveguide is modulated, switched, scattered from the waveguide or input coupled to a second waveguide.

Abstract translation: 用于可选择地切换或调制波导中的光波的可控的电光光栅耦合器包括具有布置在基板上的第一区域电极的基板和布置在电极上并承载波导的第一介电层。 在波导中横向于光的传播方向布置周期性光栅结构，波导的光栅结构由光电材料组成。 在波导上布置第二电介质层，在电介质层上设置第二电介质层。 通过改变电极两端的电压，可以放大或减小由光栅结构提供的干扰，使得波导中的光被调制，切换，从耦合到第二波导的波导或输入散射。

公开(公告)号：US3905676A

公开(公告)日：1975-09-16

申请号：US40681073

申请日：1973-10-16

Applicant: MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT

Inventor： ULRICH REINHARD

IPC: G02B6/30 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/295 ,  G02F1/35 ,  G02F1/377 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: G02B6/29334 ,  G02B6/29323 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/2955 ,  G02F1/377 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  G02F2203/22

Abstract: An optical coupling system comprises a prism or diffraction grating coupling element in combination with a film waveguide or the like affording high selectivity and high coupling coefficient. A prism when used has a coated, partially reflective and interference inducing face arranged parallel to the film waveguide along a coupling interval wavelength of the latter. The coated face coating includes a partially transparent mirror layer and an interference film. When a grating coupling element is used, multiple interfering beams ordinarily produced are reduced to one output beam per diffraction order. Light beams may be propagated on one or both sides of the film.

Abstract translation: 光耦合系统包括棱镜或衍射光栅耦合元件与薄膜波导等组合提供高选择性和高耦合系数。 当使用棱镜时，沿着后者的耦合间隔波长具有平行于薄膜波导布置的涂覆的部分反射和干涉诱导面。 涂覆的面涂层包括部分透明的镜面层和干涉膜。 当使用光栅耦合元件时，通常产生的多个干涉光束每衍射级减少到一个输出光束。 光束可以在膜的一侧或两侧传播。

公开(公告)号：US3898585A

公开(公告)日：1975-08-05

申请号：US43292674

申请日：1974-01-14

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： HEIDRICH PAUL F ,  ZORY JR PETER STEPHEN

IPC: G02B6/34 ,  G02B6/124 ,  G02F1/295 ,  H01S3/02 ,  H01S3/063 ,  H01S3/101 ,  H01S3/20 ,  H01S3/00

CPC classification number: H01S3/0635 ,  G02B6/124 ,  G02F1/2955 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  H01S3/022 ,  H01S3/20

Abstract: Diffracted leaky optical waves are coupled out of a thin film optical waveguide device having one surface which is periodically thickness-modulated or corrugated to form an optical diffraction grating. The waveguide device is constructed such that the average thickness of the waveguide in the complex refractive index of the waveguide or one of the layers surrounding the waveguide is varied when an external power source applied to the device is varied and thereby, a parameter of the leaky wave in accordance with the variable power source. In one embodiment, the waveguide is made of light amplifying material which is suitably excited to produce lasing action and cause an optical wave to propagate in the waveguide. The variable parameter in this case is the wavelength of the leaky wave, and the leaky wave is always normal to the plane of the diffraction grating. Consequently, a tunable laser is provided. In a second embodiment, no lasing occurs, but instead, an external light source is used to cause an optical wave to propagate in the waveguide. The parameter which is varied is the angle between the leaky wave and the normal to the diffraction grating, the wavelength of the leaky wave remaining constant.

Abstract translation: 衍射泄漏的光波从具有周期性厚度调制或波纹状的一个表面的薄膜光波导器件耦合，以形成光学衍射光栅。 波导器件被构造成使得当施加到器件的外部电源变化时波导的平均厚度在波导的复合折射率或围绕波导的一个层之间变化，并且因此，泄漏的参数 按照可变电源波。 在一个实施例中，波导由光放大材料制成，其被适当地激发以产生激光作用并且使光波在波导中传播。 这种情况下的可变参数是泄漏波的波长，漏波总是垂直于衍射光栅的平面。 因此，提供可调谐激光器。 在第二实施例中，不发生激光，而是使用外部光源使光波在波导中传播。 变化的参数是漏波与衍射光栅的法线之间的角度，漏波的波长保持不变。

公开(公告)号：US12124119B2

公开(公告)日：2024-10-22

申请号：US18166472

申请日：2023-02-08

Applicant: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd.

Inventor： Lan-Chou Cho ,  Chewn-Pu Jou ,  Feng-Wei Kuo ,  Huan-Neng Chen ,  Min-Hsiang Hsu

IPC: G02F1/025 ,  G02F1/015

CPC classification number: G02F1/025 ,  G02F1/0151 ,  G02F2201/302

Abstract: An optical modulator includes a carrier and a waveguide disposed on the carrier. The waveguide includes a first optical coupling region, a second optical coupling region, first regions, and second regions. The first optical coupling region is doped with first dopants. The second optical coupling region abuts the first optical coupling region and is doped with second dopants. The first dopants and the second dopants are of different conductivity type. The first regions are doped with the first dopants and are arrange adjacent to the first optical coupling region. The first regions have respective increasing doping concentrations as distances of the first regions increase from the first optical coupling region. The second regions are doped with the second dopants and are arranged adjacent to the second optical coupling region. The second regions have respective increasing doping concentrations as distances of the second regions increase from the second optical coupling region.

公开(公告)号：US20240231177A1

公开(公告)日：2024-07-11

申请号：US18558466

申请日：2022-05-03

Applicant: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Wissenschaften e. V. ,  University of Toronto

Inventor： Jason MAK ,  Youngho JUNG ,  Wesley SACHER ,  Joyce POON

IPC: G02F1/29 ,  G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G02F1/292 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F2201/06 ,  G02F2201/302 ,  G02F2202/10 ,  G02F2203/24 ,  G02F2203/50

Abstract: A beam-steering device (100) for spatial steering of a light beam comprises a waveguide array (10) being arranged on a substrate (50) and comprising a waveguide array input (12), multiple waveguides (14-1, 14-2, . . . , 14-i) and a waveguide array output (16), wherein the multiple waveguides (14-1, 14-2, . . . , 14-i) are adapted for simultaneously guiding light from the waveguide array input (12) to the waveguide array output (16) and for forming a light beam downstream of the waveguide array output (16) by superimposing the light guided by the waveguides (14-1, 14-2, . . . , 14-i), a phase shifter device (18) being arranged for applying controlled phase shifts to the light guided in each of the waveguides (14-1, 14-2, . . . , 14-i), and a grating array (22) including at least one patterned grating in optical communication with the waveguide array output (16), the grating array (22) being configured to radiate the light beam out of the beam-steering device (100) to a surrounding, wherein the waveguide array output (16) is arranged such that the light beam is formed downstream of the waveguide array output (16) with a main lobe and side lobes and with a beam angle Φ in a plane of the substrate (50), that is determined by the controlled phase shifts applied to the light by the phase shifter device (18) and a wavelength of the light, a slab propagation region (20) is arranged between the waveguide array output (16) and the grating array (22) such that the main lobe of the light beam is angularly relayed to the grating array (22) and the side lobes of the light beam leave lateral sides of the slab propagation region (20) before reaching the grating array (22), and the grating array (22) is arranged to radiate the light beam out of the beam-steering device (100) with a first angular direction with respect to the substrate (50), that is determined by the beam angle Φ. Furthermore, a method of beam-steering a light beam is described.