Abstract:
This specification describes a system and process for treating waste, for example municipal solid waste (MSW) or post-recycling municipal solid waste. The system includes a press and a pulper. The press is adapted to provide a wet fraction of the waste suitable for anaerobic digestion and rejects. The pulper is adapted to receive the rejects and produce pulp. The pulper may be, for example, a drum pulper. In the process, waste is separated into a press into an organic fraction and rejects. The organic fraction is treated by way of anaerobic digestion. The rejects are separated, optionally in a drum pulper, to produce a fraction containing pulp. The pulp can be re-used to make paper or other products. In some case, 70% or more or 80% or more of MSW can be diverted from landfill.
Abstract:
Sewage sludge is treated to produce Class A (generally pathogen free) biosolids. Some or all of the sewage sludge is thickened or dewatered to 10 wt % dried solids and then fed to a thermophilic anaerobic digester. The thermophilic digester has multiple stages provided by way of a tank with at least one internal wall. Effluent from the thermophilic digester is treated further in a mesophilic anaerobic digester.
Abstract:
In a system and process, sludge is treated by two stages of anaerobic digestion in series separated by intermediate thickening and hydrolysis. The hydrolysis product is transferred to the second digester essentially without dilution.
Abstract:
This specification describes a system and process for treating waste, for example municipal solid waste (MSW) or post-recycling municipal solid waste. The system includes a press and a pulper. The press is adapted to provide a wet fraction of the waste suitable for anaerobic digestion and rejects. The pulper is adapted to receive the rejects and produce pulp. The pulper may be, for example, a drum pulper. In the process, waste is separated into a press into an organic fraction and rejects. The organic fraction is treated by way of anaerobic digestion. The rejects are separated, optionally in a drum pulper, to produce a fraction containing pulp. The pulp can be re-used to make paper or other products. In some case, 70% or more or 80% or more of MSW can be diverted from landfill.
Abstract:
An apparatus for recovering nutrients or water from digestate comprises one or more solid-liquid separation units, an ammonia stripping device, and a gas scrubbing unit. In a process, digestate is separated into a solids portion and a liquid portion. Ammonia is stripped from the liquid portion and converted into an ammonium salt solution which may be sold or used as, or blended with, a fertilizer product. Optionally, at least part of the remaining liquid portion may be concentrated to produce brine. The brine is mixed with the solids portion. The mixture may be dried and used as, or blended with, a fertilizer product. Optionally, a least part of the remaining liquid portion may be re-used as dilution water in a digester. A solids portion of the digestate, and one or both of an ammonium salt solution and a brine, may be used as fertilizer without thermal drying.
Abstract:
A multi-stage anaerobic digester is designed to treat a high solids, stackable feedstock. The system may also receive a pumpable feedstock such as a slurry or sludge. In a first stage, the digestate circulates in one direction around a raceway such that the digestate may pass a feed inlet multiple times before leaving the first tank. An optional side stream loop withdraws fibrous material from near the top of the raceway and return digestate with chopped fibers, preferably lower and further along the raceway. An outlet from the raceway located near, but upstream of, the feed inlet discharges partially digested substrate to a second stage, which is operated as a stirred tank reactor. The two stages may be provided in a single tank with an internal wall separating a ring shaped outer portion from a cylindrical inner portion. The digester may be operated in a thermophilic temperature range.
Abstract:
A screw press has a cylindrical screening section mounted to a frame. The screening section is able to rotate but can be prevented from rotating. A sprayer system is operable to spray water on the screening section. In a cleaning process, the screening section is rotated while water is sprayed against it. Optionally, the power required to rotate the screen may be provided by an auger drive mechanism. The screening section may have openings sized to retain flocculated solids. The screw press may be used to thicken a sludge from a waste water treatment plant.
Abstract:
Feed water is processed in an anaerobic digester. A solid-liquid separation device, for example a sludge screw thickener, treats a stream drawn from the digester in a recirculation loop. The solids portion is returned to the digester to increase the solids retention time and the TSS concentration in the digester. A liquid portion with less than 5% of the solids in the stream is removed and optionally treated further. The flow rate to the solid-liquid separation device is preferably greater than the influent flow rate. The solid-liquid separation device may receive digestate at a TSS concentration of 4% or more and return a solids portion having a TSS concentration of over 10%. The feed water is preferably one or more industrial waste streams having a COD concentration of 20,000 to 50,000 mg/L and a TSS concentration from 1-5%. The organic loading rate may be 10-12 kg/COD/m3/day.
Abstract:
Sludge from an anaerobic digester is treated to recover one or more of fibers, or solids or liquids with a high nutrient content. The solids or liquids can be used as a fertilizer. The fibers can be used in a plant growing medium. Solids are separated from liquids in the sludge and dried. The solids may be dried to produce a flake or pellet. Ammonia in the liquids is recovered and used to produce a concentrated acidic ammonium salt solution. This solution may be mixed with the solids to produce a nitrogen enhanced solid. The fibers and solids or liquids can also be used in combination to produce an enhanced plant growing medium. A device and process for removing ammonia from a liquid can be used in the system or separately.
Abstract:
An anaerobic digester is fed a feedstock, for example sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, and produces a digestate. The digestate is dewatered into a cake. The cake may be dried further, for example in a thermal drier. The cake is treated in a pyrolysis system to produce a synthesis gas and biochar. The gas is sent to the same or another digester to increase its methane production. The char may be used as a soil enhancer.