Abstract:
A process for the preparation of a 2,2-bis-chloro-methyl-alkanecarboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or optionally substituted phenyl,which comprises reacting an oxetane-3-carboxylic acid of the formula ##STR2## or a salt thereof, with an inorganic acid chloride at a temperature between 20.degree. C. and the boiling point of the reaction mixture. The products are known intermediates for fungicides and herbicides.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of an oxetane-3-carboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or optionally substitute phenyl, comprising reacting a 3-hydroxymethyl-oxetane of the formula ##STR2## with oxygen in an aqueous alkaline medium at a temperature between about 0.degree. C. and the boiling point of the reaction mixture on a palladium and/or platinum catalyst. The product is an intermediate for known fungicides and herbicides.
Abstract:
In a process for the preparation of 3-phenoxy-benzaldehyde by oxidation of 3-phenoxy-benzyl alcohol of the formula ##STR1## in which m represents a number from 1 to 4,n represents a number from 1 to 5 andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and denote hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, aryloxy or perfluoroalkyl,with an oxygen containing gas in aqueous alkali at a temperature from the solidification point to the boiling point of the reaction mixture in the presence of a platinum metal catalyst and in the presence of lead and/or bismuth and/or tellurium and/or a compound of said lead, bismuth or tellurium.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for the preparation of an alkylthiomethylphenol or arylthiomethylphenol of the general formula ##STR1## in which m, n, R and R.sup.1 have the meaning mentioned in the specification, in which a hydroxymethylphenol of the general formula ##STR2## is reacted with a mercaptan or thiophenol at a temperature of from 20.degree. to 200.degree. C., if appropriate in the presence of a diluent.
Abstract:
Mixtures of 2- and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol with high contents of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol are obtained by a process comprising reacting phenol with paraformaldehyde in the presence of a compound which exhibits two or more tertiary nitrogen atoms per molecule and a pK.sub.a value of .gtoreq.6.5 (measured at 20.degree. C. in water).
Abstract:
A process for the tertiary dealkylation of a tertiary alkyl containing m- and/or p-cresol wherein a tertiary alkyl containing m- and/or p-cresol is continously introduced into a reaction vessel with a small amount of sulfuric acid or an quivalent amount of a sulfonic acid and the reaction vessel contains a high concentration of m- and/or p-cresol or a high boiling phenol which under the prevailing reaction conditions is not substantially vaporized from the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature of no greater than 230.degree. C. The reaction products are withdrawn continuously from the reactor (and separated into its components) and at the same time a small amount of the reaction mixture being withdrawn intermittently or continously from the reactor.
Abstract:
A process for the removal of acids and potential acid-forming agents from a composition containing such acids and potential acid-forming agents and an alkylphenol which composition is obtained by reacting phenols with alkenes in the presence of sulfuric acid or a sulfonic acid, and for treating the effluent thereby obtained, the process being characterized by the steps of:(a) extracting a major amount of the acid constituents from the alkylphenol mixture by means of water;(b) treating the alkylphenol mixture with a dilute aqueous alkali solution in an amount such that the alkali is insufficient to neutralize all the acid originally present in the alkylphenol mixture,(c) separating the alkylphenol mixture from the aqueous alkali solution;(d) combining the aqueous phases obtained from steps (a) and (b);(e) heating the combined aqueous phases to a temperature of 100.degree. to 200.degree. C,(f) separating off the organic phase obtained in step (e); and(g) discharging the aqueous phase.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a particularly advantageous method for producing aryl thiols through the catalytic hydrogenation of diaryldisulphides. According to the invention, the hydrogenation is carried out in a basic alcoholic medium.
Abstract:
The invention relates to novel S-(4-biphenyl)-thiosulfuric acids and their salts, to a method for producing them from S-(4-biphenyl)-thiosulfinic acids and their salts, and to a method for producing 4-mercaptobiphenyls from the S-(4-biphenyl)-thiosulfuric acids and their salts.
Abstract:
2-Chloro-4-methylphenol is prepared by reacting 4-methylphenol with a chlorinating agent in the presence of a catalyst system of one or more Lewis acids in a total amount of 0.1-10% by weight and one or more diaryl sulphides in a total amount of 0.1-10% by weight, all based on the amount of 4-methylphenol. The reaction temperature is 0.degree.-100.degree. C. The chlorinating agent is used in an amount of 0.5-1.5 mol per mole of 4-methylphenol. The reaction can be carried out until virtually complete consumption of the 4-methylphenol, high isomeric selectivity and high stage selectivity being observed.