Abstract:
A method for updating a filtering database in a multi-ring network, includes: when the topology of a lower ring in a multi-ring network, in which a plurality of ring networks are connected by two ring connection nodes, is altered and the ring connection node detects the alteration in the topology of the lower ring, erasing, by the ring connection node, its filtering database; generating, by the ring connection node, a control message including a ring ID, a blockage flag, and an erasure flag; transmitting the control message in both directions of the ring; and determining, by a node which receives the control message, to erase a filtering database by referring to and correcting the blockage and erasure flag information included in the control message.
Abstract:
A method for protection switching of a ring network, which includes a plurality of nodes disposed in a ring shape, includes: allowing a node adjacent to a failure link among the plurality of nodes to generate a failure protection switching frame when the failure link is generated in the ring network; allowing the node adjacent to the failure link to transmit the failure protection switching frame to an adjacent node; allowing each of the plurality of nodes to delete address lists connected with the ring network except for an external network (hereinafter referred to as subnet) from their own forwarding table; allowing each of the plurality of nodes to transmit a subnet address list protection switching frame including a subnet address list; and allowing a node receiving the subnet address list protection switching frame to update the forwarding table on the basis of the subnet address list included in the frame.
Abstract:
A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery of the present invention includes a negative active material including a plate-shaped carbon powder particle agglomerated in a primary structure in which the plate-shaped particle is oriented in a plane direction and laminated. Fine carbon powder particles are then agglomerated to form a secondary structure on the surface of the primary structure such that the resulting particles include fine pores formed on the surface.
Abstract:
Provided are a nano semiconductor sheet, a thin film transistor (TFT) using the nano semiconductor sheet, and a flat panel display using nano semiconductor sheet. The nano semiconductor sheet has excellent characteristics, can be manufactured at room temperature, and has good flexibility. The nano semiconductor sheet includes: a first film and a second film disposed on at least one side of or inside of the first film, and includes a plurality of nano particles arranged substantially in parallel to each other. In addition, provided are a method of manufacturing a nano semiconductor sheet and methods of manufacturing a TFT and a flat panel display using the nano semiconductor sheet. The method of manufacturing a nano semiconductor sheet, includes: forming first polymer micro-fibers having a plurality of nano particles arranged substantially in parallel; preparing a first film; and arranging a plurality of the first micro-fibers on at least one side of or inside of the first film.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a three-dimensional structure manufacturing method for performing surface treatment processes, and a replication step to provide hydrophobicity on an external surface of the three-dimensional structure. In the manufacturing method, the hydrophobicity may be provided to the external surface of the three-dimensional structure, a high cost device required in the conventional MEMS process is not used, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the manufacturing process is simplified. In addition, it has been difficult to provide the hydrophobicity on an external surface of a three-dimensional structure having a large surface due to a spatial limitation, but in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophobicity may be provided to the external surface of the three-dimensional structure having a large surface, such as a torpedo, a submarine, a ship, and a vehicle, without the spatial limitation.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for operating a Codebook Subset Pattern (CSP) of a Base Station (BS) in a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system are provided. The method includes determining whether there is a CSP-updated BS among the BS and adjacent BSs, exchanging the updated CSP between cells if it is determined that there is a CSP-updated BS, and broadcasting the CSP of each cell acquired through the exchange thereby reducing an inter-cell interference in the MIMO system
Abstract:
A light emitting device comprises a first light emitting unit and a second light emitting unit connected in series with each other, and a PTF unit connected in parallel with the first light emitting unit and in series with the second light emitting unit. Each of the first light emitting unit and second light emitting unit comprises at least one LED. The PTF unit allows the second light emitting unit to be operated before operation of the first light emitting unit upon application of an AC voltage source. The light emitting device reduces total harmonic distortion and flickering, and improves power factor and optical efficiency. A driving circuit of the light emitting device is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for protection switching in a ring network are provided. A method for protection switching in a ring network, which includes a first ring network having first and second connection nodes and a second ring network connected with the first ring network through the first and second connection nodes, includes: receiving, by the first connection node, first and second R-APS messages transmitted from nodes belonging to the first ring network; determining, by the first connection node, the position of closure in the first ring network by using the first and second R-APS messages and topology information; receiving, by the first connection node, a topology change signal transmitted from the second ring network; and transmitting, by the first connection node, an FDB flush message with reference to the position of closure.
Abstract:
A communication system is provided which includes different kinds of base stations such as a macro base station and a femto base station. This system may execute a method for controlling unfavorably occurring interference due to such different kinds of base stations. In the method, the femto base station sends a femtocell interference indication (FII) report to the resource allocation control unit when user equipment is connected to the femto base station. The FII report contains a request for the allocation of resources to avoid interference. Then the resource allocation control unit establishes a femto interference coordination (FIC) zone according to the received FII report. The FIC zone indicates a particular region used to define resources allocated to the femto base station. The resource allocation control unit may be the macro base station or a self-organizing network (SON) server.
Abstract:
A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery of the present invention includes a negative active material including a plate-shaped carbon powder particle agglomerated in a primary structure in which the plate-shaped particle is oriented in a plane direction and laminated. Fine carbon powder particles are then agglomerated to form a secondary structure on the surface of the primary structure such that the resulting particles include fine pores formed on the surface.