公开(公告)号：US07798962B2

公开(公告)日：2010-09-21

申请号：US11222132

申请日：2005-09-08

Applicant: David A. Luce

Inventor： David A. Luce

IPC: A61B3/16 ,  A61B13/00 ,  A61B5/103 ,  A61B5/117 ,  A61B3/00 ,  A61B3/10 ,  A61B3/14

CPC classification number: A61B3/16 ,  A61B3/1005

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring corneal resistance to deformation use an empirically derived function wherein an inward applanation pressure P1 and an outward applanation pressure P2 obtained during a corneal deformation cycle caused by a fluid pulse are separately weighted so as to minimize dependence of the calculated corneal resistance factor (CRF) on intraocular pressure. In one embodiment, the function is optimized, at least in part, to maximize statistical correlation between the calculated corneal resistance factor (CRF) and central corneal thickness.

Abstract translation: 用于测量变形抗角膜变形的方法和装置使用经验导出的功能，其中在由流体脉冲引起的角膜变形循环期间获得的向内压平压力P1和向外压扁压力P2被分别加权，以便使所计算的角膜的依赖性最小化 阻力因子（CRF）对眼压的影响。 在一个实施例中，该功能至少部分地被优化，以最大化计算的角膜电阻因子（CRF）和中心角膜厚度之间的统计学相关性。

公开(公告)号：US07481767B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-27

申请号：US11222166

申请日：2005-09-08

Applicant: David A. Luce

Inventor： David A. Luce

IPC: A61B3/16

CPC classification number: A61B3/165

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring intraocular pressure of an eye use an empirically derived function wherein an inward applanation pressure P1 and an outward applanation pressure P2 obtained during a corneal deformation cycle caused by a fluid pulse are separately weighted so as to minimize cornea-related influence on the intraocular pressure value calculated by the function. In one embodiment, the function is optimized, at least in part, to minimize change in calculated IOP between measurements made before surgical alteration of the cornea and measurements made after surgical alteration of the cornea.

Abstract translation: 用于测量眼睛眼压的方法和装置使用经验导出的功能，其中在由流体脉冲引起的角膜变形循环期间获得的向内压迫压力P1和向外压迫压力P2被分别加权，以便最小化与角膜相关的影响 对由功能计算出的眼内压值。 在一个实施例中，该功能被优化，至少部分地最小化在角膜手术改变之前进行的测量和角膜手术改变后进行的测量之间的计算IOP的变化。

公开(公告)号：US06419631B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-16

申请号：US09553111

申请日：2000-04-20

Applicant: David A. Luce

Inventor： David A. Luce

IPC: A61B500

CPC classification number: A61B3/165

Abstract: During corneal deformation induced by a fluid pulse, observations associated with an inward first state of applanation and an outward second state of applanation are processed to provide a final reported intra-ocular pressure value that is substantially without error due to corneal thickness effects.

Abstract translation: 在由流体脉冲引起的角膜变形期间，处理与向内的第一压迫状态和挤压的外部第二状态相关联的观察，以提供由于角膜厚度效应基本上没有误差的最终报告的眼内压力值。

公开(公告)号：US6042232A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-28

申请号：US234723

申请日：1999-01-21

Applicant: David A. Luce ,  Matthew Severns

Inventor： David A. Luce ,  Matthew Severns

IPC: A61B3/10 ,  A61B3/103

CPC classification number: A61B3/103

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring refractive properties of a refractive optical system by fitting measurement data points to a derived function are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment relating to an automatic objective optometer, each data point represents a peak signal amplitude extracted from a scan of a plurality of pixels on an area detector array receiving light from the illuminated refractive optical system at a particular optometer position. The derived function describes a relationship between the peak pixel signal and optometer position based on changing focusing conditions of light at the detector array, which correspond to focusing conditions at an image plane of the refractive optical system under a confocal arrangement. A first derived function is applied for fast and slow sphere optometer sweeps through broad and refined ranges and includes a pair of poles at first and second astigmatic focal points to give the magnitude of sphere and cylinder powers of the eye, and a second derived function is applied for a cylinder sweep varying the axis of a non-zero cylinder component introduced to the illuminating light and includes a single pole for giving the cylinder axis.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种通过将测量数据点拟合到导出函数来测量折射光学系统的折射特性的方法和装置。 在涉及自动目标光学计量器的优选实施例中，每个数据点表示从区域检测器阵列上的多个像素的扫描中提取的峰值信号振幅，该区域检测器阵列在特定的光度计位置处接收来自被照射的折射光学系统的光。 衍生函数描述了基于在共焦排列处对应于折射光学系统的像面处的聚焦条件的检测器阵列处的光的聚焦条件改变的峰值像素信号和光度计位置之间的关系。 第一个导出函数被应用于快速和慢速的球形光谱仪扫描广泛和精细的范围，并且包括在第一和第二散光焦点处的一对极点，以给出眼睛的球体和圆柱体功率的大小，并且第二导出函数是 应用于改变引入照明光的非零气缸分量的轴线的气缸扫描，并且包括用于给出气缸轴线的单极。

公开(公告)号：US5754273A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-19

申请号：US804004

申请日：1997-02-21

Applicant: David A. Luce

Inventor： David A. Luce

IPC: A61B3/16 ,  A61B3/10

CPC classification number: A61B3/165

Abstract: A non-contact tonometer includes a fixation axis intersecting the corneal vertex, and a fluid axis angularly displaced from the fixation axis to form a non-zero angle therewith. A nozzle is axially aligned along the fluid axis for discharging a fluid pulse along the fluid axis to the corneal surface of the eye. In a preferred embodiment, the fixation and fluid axes reside in the same vertical plane, with the fluid axis below the fixation axis approaching the eye. Alignment and applanation detection optics are arranged coplanar with the fluid axis.

Abstract translation: 非接触式眼压计包括与角膜顶点相交的固定轴和与固定轴成角度地偏离以与其形成非零角度的流体轴。 喷嘴沿着流体轴线轴向对齐，用于将沿着流体轴线的流体脉冲排放到眼睛的角膜表面。 在优选实施例中，固定和流体轴线位于相同的垂直平面中，流体轴线在固定轴线下方接近眼睛。 对准和压平检测光学器件与流体轴线共面布置。

公开(公告)号：US5446274A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-29

申请号：US199703

申请日：1994-02-22

Applicant: David A. Luce ,  Christopher J. Percival

Inventor： David A. Luce ,  Christopher J. Percival

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  A61B3/15 ,  G01M11/00 ,  G01M11/02 ,  G01J1/20

CPC classification number: A61B3/152 ,  G01M11/0221

Abstract: A polar or vector display provides an operator of an optical instrument with a symbolic instruction regarding the direction and amount of motion required to center an optical element on a chosen path.

Abstract translation: 极性或矢量显示为光学仪器的操作者提供关于使所选择的路径上的光学元件居中所需的运动的方向和量的符号指令。

公开(公告)号：US4881807A

公开(公告)日：1989-11-21

申请号：US228482

申请日：1988-08-05

Applicant: David A. Luce ,  Srdjan Krstanovic

Inventor： David A. Luce ,  Srdjan Krstanovic

IPC: A61B3/10 ,  A61B3/00 ,  A61B3/107 ,  A61B3/16

CPC classification number: A61B3/165 ,  A61B3/0075 ,  A61B3/107

Abstract: An optical alignment system using at least one CCD array for positioning an instrument in a chosen relationship to an object is disclosed. Means for "electronically" aligning the optical components and providing a macro view of the object on a CRT without additional illumination are also disclosed. Alignment may be achieved manually, if the operator observes the position of symbols on a CRT that move in response to movement of the instrument by the operator using a joystick, or automatically using information provided by the array.

公开(公告)号：US4503745A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-12

申请号：US404134

申请日：1982-08-02

Applicant: Melville Clark, Jr. ,  David A. Luce

Inventor： Melville Clark, Jr. ,  David A. Luce

IPC: G10H1/057 ,  G10H1/18 ,  G10H1/34

CPC classification number: G10H1/34 ,  G10H1/057 ,  G10H1/18 ,  G10H2210/211 ,  G10H2210/401 ,  G10H2210/411 ,  G10H2250/475 ,  Y10S84/07

Abstract: A new, performer played, real time, multitonal, multimbral musical instrument consists of speed and force sensitive keys in which time domain multiplexing is used to find and associate one and only one tone generator, not otherwise busy, with any key that is depressed. The sound generator disclosed can provide very realistic simulations of the flute, oboe, trumpet, French horn, trombone through the provision of various types of modulations in amplitude and frequency of the various partials, as is characteristic of each instrument simulated, and filtered noise. Glissandi are provided from one note to another and are controlled from the pair of keys involved by the relative pressure with which they are depressed. For the nonpercussive tonalities, the speed with which a key is depressed, which is determined by differentiating the force, may be used to cause the attack transient to behave in a manner very characteristic of the instrument being simulated. The force with which a key is depressed is determined from the rate of rise of the potential across a capacitive keying system excited through a resistor. Percussive sound generators are provided also; the intensity of the note generated by these generators is determined by the speed with which the associated key is depressed. The force with which the associated key is depressed can be used to determine the rate of automatic repetition of the note. The speed with which a key is depressed can also be used for nonpercussive instruments to alter the character of the attack transient.

Abstract translation: 一个新的，表演者演奏的，实时的，多人的多重乐器包括速度和力敏感键，其中使用时域复用来发现和关联一个和唯一一个音调发生器，而不是其他忙碌与任何按下的键。 公开的声发生器可以通过提供各种偏差的幅度和频率的各种类型的调制来提供对长笛，双簧管，喇叭，法国号，长号的非常逼真的模拟，如模拟的每个乐器的特征和滤波的噪声。 Glissandi从一个音符提供给另一个音符，并且由相关压力所涉及的一对键控制，并且它们被压下。 对于非敲击性色调，可以使用通过区分力来确定键被按压的速度，以使得攻击瞬态以正在被模拟的仪器的非常特征的方式表现。 键被按下的力由电阻通过电阻激励的电容键控系统的电位上升率确定。 还提供冲击声发生器; 这些发生器产生的音符的强度由相关键被按下的速度决定。 关联键被按下的力可用于确定音符的自动重复速率。 按键的速度也可以用于非打击乐器来改变攻击瞬态的特征。

公开(公告)号：US4463647A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-07

申请号：US420488

申请日：1982-09-23

Applicant: David A. Luce

Inventor： David A. Luce

IPC: G10H1/02 ,  G10H1/18 ,  G10H5/00 ,  G10H1/00

CPC classification number: G10H5/002 ,  G10H1/02 ,  G10H1/185 ,  Y10S84/07

Abstract: Clavier multiplexing is used in the present keyboard musical instrument to reduce the number of sound generators needed by connecting them only to those notes that are depressed. The association of a tone generator with a control unit, which provides the tone generator with frequency, force, and speed information, continues as long as possible, and even after the associated note is released and until the control unit is needed to attend another note by use of independent address and idle-busy storage registers. The note address is digitally designated and remembered, sequential start up logic is used for a control unit. In the glissando mode, the address of the note of the pair involved in the glissando that was released last must be remembered, and the voltage-controlled oscillator involved must have continuing access to this address. A fixed priority rule for nonpercussive timbres and age-dependent rule for percussive timbres is used to select control units, thus enabling multiple glissandos and the control of different tone colors from the same clavier, the latter employing additionally suppression switches. The lockouts can be stacked thereby facilitating the addition of control units on a modular basis, so that any desired plurality may be achieved. Subdivision of the key interrogation interval into two parts enables the sensing of force of key depression and sidewise motion, which is used to provide vibrato, separately, capacitive keying being used in each case. A resistor in the feedback loop of the integrator of a voltage-controlled oscillator compensates for the reset time of the integrator. The digital-to-analog converter and voltage-controlled oscillators are tied together with feedback such that the frequencies of the oscillators are dependent primarily upon resistor ratios, and not power supply potentials.

Abstract translation: 克拉夫多路复用被用于本键盘乐器中，以将它们仅连接到那些被压制的音符来减少所需的声音发生器的数量。 音调发生器与控制单元的关联，其为音调发生器提供频率，力和速度信息，并且尽可能长地继续，并且甚至在关联的音符被释放并且直到控制单元需要参加另一个音符 通过使用独立的地址和空闲的存储寄存器。 音符地址被数字指定并记住，顺序启动逻辑用于控制单元。 在glissando模式下，必须记住上次发布的glissando中涉及的对的音符的地址，并且所涉及的压控振荡器必须能够持续访问该地址。 用于非敲击音调和用于敲击音调的年龄依赖规则的固定优先级规则用于选择控制单元，从而实现多个glissandos和来自相同键棒的不同音色的控制，后者采用额外的抑制开关。 可以堆叠锁定，从而有助于以模块化的方式添加控制单元，从而可以实现任何期望的多个。 将关键询问间隔细分为两部分，能够分别检测按键和侧向运动的力，分别用于提供颤音，每种情况都使用电容键控。 压控振荡器的积分器的反馈回路中的电阻补偿积分器的复位时间。 数模转换器和压控振荡器通过反馈连接在一起，使得振荡器的频率主要取决于电阻比，而不是电源电位。

公开(公告)号：US4352311A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-05

申请号：US152431

申请日：1980-05-22

Applicant: David A. Luce ,  James Scott

Inventor： David A. Luce ,  James Scott

IPC: G10H1/24 ,  G10H1/06

CPC classification number: G10H1/24

Abstract: The disclosure describes an improved electronic musical synthesizer capable of storing, recalling, editing and restoring signals representing different timbres of sound. During the editing process, indicating circuitry enables a performer to determine whether the control knobs of the synthesizer have been adjusted to the same settings which resulted in the signals originally stored.

Abstract translation: 本公开描述了一种改进的电子音乐合成器，其能够存储，调用，编辑和恢复表示不同音色的声音的信号。 在编辑过程中，指示电路使执行者能够确定合成器的控制旋钮是否已经被调整到导致原始存储的信号的相同设置。