公开(公告)号：US20030137314A1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-24

申请号：US10052605

申请日：2002-01-18

Inventor： Shinichi Kojima

IPC: G01J001/00 ,  G01N021/00 ,  G01N023/00 ,  G01R027/08

CPC classification number: H01J37/3174 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01J37/09 ,  H01J37/1471 ,  H01J37/3045 ,  H01J2237/1501

Abstract: A method and apparatus for aligning a charged particle beam with an aperture includes providing a hollow beam aperture means adapted for shaping a charged particle beam into a hollow charged particle beam. Then direct the charged particle beam through the aperture. Provide deflection coils for deflecting the charged particle beam relative to the aperture. Vary the current to the alignment deflection coils while measuring the aperture electrical current generated by charged particles reaching the hollow beam aperture as a function of the current to the alignment deflection coils. Then adjust the current in the alignment deflection coils based on the aperture electrical current to center the charged particle beam on the hollow beam aperture. Preferably, separate hollow beam and peripheral beam apertures with associated sensing and current are used to center the beam on respective ones of the apertures.

Abstract translation: 用于使带电粒子束与孔对准的方法和装置包括提供适于将带电粒子束成形为中空带电粒子束的中空束孔装置。 然后将带电粒子束引导通过孔径。 提供偏转线圈，用于使带电粒子束相对于孔径偏转。 改变对准偏转线圈的电流，同时测量由到达中空光束孔径的带电粒子产生的孔径电流作为对准偏转线圈的电流的函数。 然后根据孔径电流调节对准偏转线圈中的电流，使带电粒子束居中于中空光束孔径。 优选地，使用具有相关联的感测和电流的分离的中空束和周边光束孔将光束定位在相应的孔上。

公开(公告)号：US20030112426A1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-19

申请号：US10110152

申请日：2002-10-28

Inventor： Pierre Devie ,  Francis Bell ,  Gilles Le Saux

IPC: G01J001/00 ,  G01B009/00

CPC classification number: G01M11/0257 ,  G01B11/255

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and a method for measuring the geometrical structure of an optical component (2) in transmission, comprising the steps: of illuminating the optical component by means of a first incident beam (8, 10), the wavefront of which is known, of measuring by deflectometry (16, 18) the wavefront of said first beam after transmission by said optical component, of illuminating the optical component by a second incident beam (12, 14), the wavefront of which is known, of measuring by deflectometry (16, 18) the wavefront of said second beam after transmission by said optical component, and of calculating the geometrical structure of said optical component from the wavefronts measured during said measurement steps. The measurement of the light transmitted in two distinct optical configurations allows a calculation by optimizing the two surfaces of the component, without prior knowledge of one of the surfaces. The first and second beams may be different and may illuminate the same surface of the component; thus it is possible to use identical beams and to illuminate each surface of the component in succession.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于测量透射中的光学部件（2）的几何结构的装置和方法，包括以下步骤：通过第一入射光束（8,10）照射光学部件，其波前是 已知通过偏转测量（16,18）测量所述第一光束在由所述光学部件传输之后的波前，通过第二入射光束（12,14）来照射光学部件，所述第二入射光束（12,14）是已知的，其波前是通过 偏转测量（16,18）由所述光学部件传输之后的所述第二光束的波前，以及从所述测量步骤中测量的波前计算所述光学部件的几何结构。 以两种不同的光学结构传输的光的测量允许通过优化组件的两个表面而不需要事先知道其中一个表面的计算。 第一和第二光束可以是不同的并且可以照亮部件的相同表面; 因此可以使用相同的光束并连续地照射部件的每个表面。

公开(公告)号：US20030098405A1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-29

申请号：US10312436

申请日：2002-12-27

Inventor： Hiroaki Yamamoto ,  Yoshiaki Komma ,  Shin-ichi Kadowaki ,  Sadao Mizuno

IPC: G01J001/00

CPC classification number: G02B5/1833 ,  G02B5/1823 ,  G02B27/4238 ,  G02B27/4255 ,  G02B27/4261 ,  G11B7/0901 ,  G11B7/0943 ,  G11B7/123 ,  G11B7/131 ,  G11B7/1353 ,  G11B7/1381

Abstract: A light beam reflected by an information medium is split by a diffraction optical system into first diffraction light and second diffraction light, which is not a complex conjugate wave of the first diffraction light, in a predetermined energy distribution ratio. The first diffraction light enters a first photodetector (195) of a photodetector and is used for reading out data information recorded on the information medium, while the second diffraction light enters second and third photodetectors (194, 195) and is used for obtaining a servo error signal. With this optical head device, the area of the first photodetector can be reduced, thus allowing a high-speed reproduction of a data signal. Further, the first photodetector becomes less susceptible to stray light. Moreover, the number of head amplifiers, which are needed for detecting the data signal, decreases, and the S/N ratio improves.

Abstract translation: 由信息介质反射的光束以预定的能量分配比例被衍射光学系统分割成不是第一衍射光的复共轭的第一衍射光和第二衍射光。 第一衍射光进入光电检测器的第一光电检测器（195），并且用于读出记录在信息介质上的数据信息，而第二衍射光进入第二和第三光电检测器（194,195），并用于获得伺服 误差信号。 利用该光学头装置，可以减小第一光电检测器的面积，从而允许数据信号的高速再现。 此外，第一光电检测器变得不易受杂散光的影响。 此外，检测数据信号所需的头放大器的数量减少，并且S / N比提高。

公开(公告)号：US20030089856A1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-15

申请号：US10179089

申请日：2002-06-25

Inventor： Hector R. Beguiristain ,  Jay T. Cremer ,  Melvin A. Piestrup

IPC: G01J001/00 ,  G01T001/24 ,  H01L025/00 ,  H01L027/00 ,  G02B003/00 ,  G02B007/00 ,  G02B009/00 ,  G02B011/00 ,  G02B013/00 ,  G02B015/00 ,  G02B017/00 ,  G02B025/00

CPC classification number: G21K1/06 ,  G21K2201/067

Abstract: A compound refractive lens for focusing, collecting, collimating and imaging with x-rays comprising N unit lenses numbered inull1 through N unit lenses substantially aligned along an axis such that i-th lens having a displacement ti orthogonal to said axis, with said axis located such that the sum of the lens displacements ti equals zero, and wherein each of said unit lenses comprises a lens material of lithium, carbon, or polyimide. A method for molding and housing the unit lenses is provided such that the unit lens have high surface and optical quality, and do not chemically deteriorate due to absorption of water or oxidation.

Abstract translation: 一种复合折射透镜，用于用X射线聚焦，收集，准直和成像，包括编号为i = 1至N个单位透镜的N个单位透镜，其基本上沿轴线对齐，使得具有与所述轴正交的位移ti的第i个透镜与所述 轴位置使得透镜位移的总和ti等于零，并且其中每个所述单位透镜包括锂，碳或聚酰亚胺的透镜材料。 提供了用于模制和容纳单位透镜的方法，使得单位透镜具有高的表面和光学质量，并且由于吸收水或氧化而不会化学劣化。

公开(公告)号：US20030035101A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-20

申请号：US10128094

申请日：2002-04-23

Inventor： Yoshio Yuasa

IPC: G01J001/00

CPC classification number: G01J1/4214

Abstract: A photometric apparatus includes a photo sensor for sensing light to output light data in accordance with an intensity of the sensed light, a first receiver for allowing photosensitivity data to be inputted, an exposure value calculator for calculating an exposure value based on light data from the photo sensor and the inputted photosensitivity, a second receiver for allowing a particular calculated exposure value to be designated as a reference exposure value for an actual photographing, an exposure value difference calculator for calculating a difference between a calculated exposure value and the reference exposure value, a gamma characteristic provider for providing a gamma characteristic concerning a relationship between the exposure value difference and a gradation value of digital data, a gradation calculator for calculating, based on the exposure value difference and the gamma characteristic, a gradation value of digital data in connection with an object having the calculated exposure value when the object is photographed at the reference exposure value, and an indicator for indicating the calculated gradation value of digital data in connection with the object.

Abstract translation: 光度测量装置包括：光传感器，用于感测光以根据感测光的强度输出光数据;第一接收器，用于允许输入光敏度数据;曝光值计算器，用于根据来自 光传感器和输入的光敏性，用于允许将特定计算的曝光值指定为实际拍摄的参考曝光值的第二接收器，用于计算计算出的曝光值和参考曝光值之间的差的曝光值差计算器， 用于提供关于曝光值差和数字数据的灰度值之间的关系的伽马特性的伽马特征提供器，用于基于曝光值差和伽马特性计算连接的数字数据的灰度值的灰度计算器 对象具有计算的e 以参考曝光值拍摄物体时的曝光值，以及用于指示计算的与物体相关的数字数据的灰度值的指示符。

公开(公告)号：US20030025077A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-06

申请号：US09922007

申请日：2001-08-06

Inventor： Laurence Gainsborough

IPC: G01J001/00 ,  F41H009/08 ,  F41H013/00

CPC classification number: F41H9/06 ,  F41H13/00

Abstract: A method of controlling unruly persons comprising identifying an area containing unruly persons refusing to respond to rule of law, filling the area with a non-toxic, non-injurious fogging material which interferes with the visual sense of persons in the area so as to prevent the persons from orienting themselves within the area and prevents the persons from seeing other persons within the area and providing for at least one authorized person within the area a thermal imaging camera operable to thermally detect persons within the area and to generate an image representing the persons detected. At least one authorized person within the area a viewing device for viewing the image of the detected persons and causing said at least one authorized person to subdue the unruly persons while viewing the images of the unruly persons and while the unruly persons are prevented from seeing the at least one authorized person.

Abstract translation: 一种控制不守规矩人士的方法，包括确定一个不服法人拒绝法治的区域，用无毒，无损害的起雾材料填满该区域，从而妨碍该地区的人的视觉感受，以防止 人们在该地区内定向自己，并防止人员在该地区内看到其他人，并为该地区内的至少一个授权人员提供热成像相机，该热成像相机可操作以热检测该区域内的人员并产生代表该人的图像 检测到。 所述区域内的至少一个授权人员，用于观察所检测到的人的图像并且使得所述至少一个授权人在观看不守规矩的人的图像的同时制止不守规矩的人，并且在不守规矩的人被阻止看到 至少有一个授权人员。

公开(公告)号：US20020180956A1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-05

申请号：US10156126

申请日：2002-05-29

Inventor： Andrew J. Barker

IPC: G01J001/00

CPC classification number: G01S7/4812 ,  G01S7/4915 ,  G01S7/493 ,  G01S17/36

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for distance measurement to a remote surface using high frequency modulated transmitted and reflected laser beams and phase-shift calculations. To improve phase-shift resolution, the reflected bean is further modulated, before detection, at a high frequency similar yet different from that of the transmitted beam so as create a resulting detector signal having at least a lower frequency signal which is easily detected by a response limited detector. The lower frequency signal retains the phase-shift information and thus enables determination of the phase-shift information with stable, inexpensive low-frequency optical detectors. Three-dimensional mapping can performed wherein one or more apparatus employ a plurality of detectors or a scanner producing a plurality of sequential reflected beams, each of which results in a plurality of phase-shift information for an area on the surface.

Abstract translation: 提供了使用高频调制的发射和反射激光束和相移计算对远程表面的距离测量的装置和方法。 为了提高相移分辨率，反射的豆在检测之前被进一步调制，其频率与发射波束的高频相似但不同，从而产生具有至少较低频率信号的结果检测器信号，该信号易于被 响应限制检测器。 低频信号保持相移信息，从而能够利用稳定，廉价的低频光检测器来确定相移信息。 可以执行三维映射，其中一个或多个装置采用多个检测器或产生多个顺序反射光束的扫描器，每个反射光束导致表面上的区域的多个相移信息。

公开(公告)号：US20020167657A1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-14

申请号：US10091662

申请日：2002-03-06

Inventor： Targosinski Tomasz

IPC: G01J001/00

CPC classification number: G01M11/065

Abstract: A method for the determination of the lighting quality of vehicle headlights, particularly automobile headlights, comprising the steps of directing the light of each headlight onto a screen, measuring the distribution of illumination on the screen or the luminous intensity distribution in a solid angle of the emitted light beam, transforming the obtained results by known geometric methods using a computer program to the real distribution of vertical illumination on the road surface, using these transformed results to calculate light quality values such as Mk for the illumination of the road, Nl for the glare experienced by the drivers, k for sector Sk established for the road surface and its surroundings, and l for the sector Sl established for the surface at the eye-level of the glare exposed drivers, and thereafter comparing the calculated light quality values to the required values for headlamps to determine the lighting quality of the vehicle headlights.

Abstract translation: 一种用于确定车头灯，特别是汽车前灯的照明质量的方法，包括以下步骤：将每个前灯的光引导到屏幕上，测量屏幕上的照明分布或以...的立体角度的发光强度分布 发射光束，通过使用计算机程序的已知几何方法将获得的结果转换成在路面上的垂直照明的实际分布，使用这些变换结果来计算诸如用于道路照明的Mk的光质量值，对于 驾驶员经历的眩光，k为道路表面及其周围环境建立的区域k，以及为在暴露的暴露的驾驶员的眼睛水平面上建立的扇区S1，然后将计算的光质量值与 大灯要求的值用于确定车头灯的照明质量。

公开(公告)号：US20020079457A1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-27

申请号：US09239436

申请日：1999-01-28

Inventor： MASAYUKI NAKAZAWA

IPC: G01J001/00 ,  G01T001/24 ,  H01L027/00 ,  H01L025/00

CPC classification number: G01T1/2928

Abstract: There is described a radiation image reading apparatus, which includes a semiconductor detector for converting radiation photons penetrated through a subject into electric signals to generate a first radiation image information and a processor for processing the first radiation image information, so that a modulation transfer function in a low density region is not higher than a modulation transfer function in a high density region, in order to generate a second radiation image information. The abovementioned semiconductor detector includes a substrate, a plurality of electrodes, capacitors, switching elements, a photoconductive layer and a surface electrode, which are fabricated on the substrate.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种辐射图像读取装置，其包括：半导体检测器，用于将穿过被检体的辐射光子转换为电信号，以产生第一辐射图像信息;以及处理器，用于处理第一辐射图像信息，使得调制传递函数 为了产生第二辐射图像信息，低密度区域不高于高密度区域中的调制传递函数。 上述半导体检测器包括在基板上制造的基板，多个电极，电容器，开关元件，光电导层和表面电极。

公开(公告)号：US20020070360A1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-13

申请号：US10000206

申请日：2001-11-02

Inventor： Nicolo F. Machi

IPC: G01J001/00

CPC classification number: F21V5/048 ,  B64D47/02 ,  F21V29/00 ,  F21Y2115/10 ,  H01L33/483 ,  H01L33/58 ,  H01L33/645

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an infrared light assembly (10, 30, 80, 90). A preferred embodiment of the light assembly (10, 30, 80, 90) may be used on aircraft or other vehicles for landing, taxi mode, or search operations. The light assembly (10, 30, 80, 90) preferably only requires about 10 to 20 watts of power. The light assembly (10, 30, 80, 90) may include a housing (12, 32, 82), a base (14, 34, 50), an IR diode (16, 36, 60), and an aspheric lens (18, 38). The base (14, 34, 50) is preferably connected to the bottom portion (22) of the housing(12, 32, 82), and the aspheric lens (18, 38) is preferably connected to the top portion (24) of the housing (12, 32, 82). The IR diode (16, 36, 60) may be mounted on the base (14, 34, 50). The housing (12, 32, 82) and the base (14, 34, 50) preferably have high thermal conductivity, and they preferably act as heat sinks. In addition, a plurality of thermal electric coolers (20, 40, 70) may be positioned between the base (14, 34, 50) and the IR diode (16, 36, 60) for additional dissipation of the heat generated by the light assembly. The IR diode (16, 36, 60) is adapted to emit infrared light. The light assembly (10, 30, 80, 90) preferably maintains a substantially constant operating temperature so that the peak emission of the IR diode (16, 36, 60) is substantially maintained. The infrared light may radiate through the hollow of the housing (12, 32, 82) to the aspheric lens (18, 38). The aspheric lens (18, 38) is preferably adapted to collimate infrared light. As a result, the light assembly (10, 30, 80, 90) may provide a collimated beam of infrared light having a NVIS radiant intensity greater than about 2.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种红外灯组件（10,30,80,90）。 灯组件（10,30,80,90）的优选实施例可以用于飞机或其他车辆用于着陆，出租车模式或搜索操作。 光组件（10,30,80,90）优选仅需要约10至20瓦的功率。 灯组件（10,30,80,90）可包括壳体（12,32,32），基座（14,34,50），IR二极管（16,36,60）和非球面透镜 18，38）。 基部（14,34,50）优选地连接到壳体（12,32,82）的底部（22），并且非球面透镜（18,38）优选地连接到顶部（24,32）的顶部 壳体（12,32,82）。 IR二极管（16,36,60）可以安装在基座（14,34,50）上。 壳体（12,32,82）和基座（14,34,50）优选地具有高导热性，并且它们优选地用作散热器。 此外，多个热电冷却器（20,40,70）可以位于基座（14,34,50）和IR二极管（16,36,60）之间，用于额外耗散由光产生的热量 部件。 IR二极管（16,36,60）适于发射红外光。 光组件（10,30,80,90）优选地保持基本上恒定的工作温度，使得IR二极管（16,36,60）的峰值发射被基本保持。 红外光可以通过壳体（12,32,82）的中空辐射到非球面透镜（18,38）。 非球面透镜（18,38）优选地适于准直红外光。 结果，灯组件（10,30,80,90）可以提供具有大于约2的NVIS辐射强度的准直的红外光束。