Abstract:
A method for isobutane alkylation is provided using a fixed-bed catalytic alkylation reactor comprises at least one catalytic flow channel. A feed stream comprising a compound to be alkylated is passed into a flow channel having an alkylation catalyst positioned on at least a portion of the flow channel inner surface in the flow channel downstream region. Olefin is injected into the feed stream at a point beyond a flow channel entrance region whereby the olefin contacts the alkylation catalyst by diffusion to the flow channel inner surface thereby reacting the compound with the olefin and produces an alkylate product.
Abstract:
A device (1) for actuating at least one piston (2) moving axially in the bore (3) of a body(4), the piston (2) being driven by the longitudinal or curved movement (F2) of a control arm (5). Also disclosed is a method for detecting a failure in a device (1) having an intermediary element (6), located between the piston (2) and the control arm (5), this intermediary element (6) being also used as an alarm means should the intermediary element (6) be missing between the piston (2) and the arm (5). The invention is particularly applicable in the field of diagnosis.
Abstract:
A highly reliable bulk chemical delivery system for high purity chemicals employing a manifold that ensures contamination free operation and canister change outs with a minimum of valves and tubing.
Abstract:
An aerosol delivery apparatus is used to deliver an aerosol into a reaction chamber for chemical reaction to produce reaction products such as nanoparticles. A variety of improved aerosol delivery approaches provide for the production of more uniform reaction products. In preferred embodiments, a reaction chamber is used that has a cross section perpendicular to the flow of reactant having a dimension along a major axis greater than a dimension along a minor axis. The aerosol preferably is elongated along the major axis of the reaction chamber.
Abstract:
A bulk chemical delivery system, that includes a cabinet that houses a delivery system. The delivery system may include a canister within the cabinet that is connected to a manifold within the cabinet that includes at least one output line for providing chemical from the canister outside the cabinet. The delivery system may further include an input system that provides input for operation of the delivery system, wherein the input system is housed in an enclosure, and an inert gas line that connects and supplies inert gas to the enclosure.
Abstract:
An aerosol delivery apparatus is used to deliver an aerosol into a reaction chamber for chemical reaction to produce reaction products such as nanoparticles. A variety of improved aerosol delivery approaches provide for the production of more uniform reaction products. In preferred embodiments, a reaction chamber is used that has a cross section perpendicular to the flow of reactant having a dimension along a major axis greater than a dimension along a minor axis. The aerosol preferably is elongated along the major axis of the reaction chamber.
Abstract:
A liquid material supplying apparatus comprises:vessels 150, 250, each having gas inlet pipe 151, 251, discharge pipe 153, 253, and interconnection pipe 155, 255 capable of making the gas inlet pipe 151, 251 communicate with the discharge pipe 153, 253, the vessels containing a liquid material;a permanent line P comprising gas line connection pipes 113, 213 detachably connected to the gas inlet pipes 151, 251, gas supply pipe 111 connected to the gas line connection pipes 113, 213 and to pressure gas supply 70, material line connection pipes 123, 223 detachably connected to the discharge pipes 153, 253, material supply pipe 127 connected to the material line connection pipes 123, 223 and to vaporizer 91, and by-pass pipes 129, 229 capable of making the gas supply pipe 111 communicate with the material line connection pipe 123, 223; anda vent line 30 comprising exhaust pipes 131, 231 connected to the gas line connection pipes 113, 213 or to the material line connection pipes 123, 223, and a vacuum pump 135 connected to the exhaust pipes 131, 231.
Abstract:
This invention concerns a manifold for use in refill of canister containing chemicals. The manifold may comprise a vacuum supply valve; a vacuum generator; a pressure vent valve; a gas inlet valve; a bypass valve; an isolation valve; a control valve; a canister inlet valve; a canister outlet valve; a canister inlet coupler, and a canister outlet coupler. In the manifold the vacuum supply valve may be connected to the vacuum generator; the vacuum generator may be connected to the pressure vent valve and the control valve; the gas inlet valve may be connected to pressure vent valve and bypass valve; the bypass valve may be further connected to the isolation valve and the canister inlet valve; the isolation valve may also be connected to the canister outlet valve. In addition, the canister inlet valve may be connected to control valve, the canister inlet coupler, and the canister outlet valve; and the canister outlet valve may be further connected to the canister inlet coupler and the canister outlet coupler.
Abstract:
A highly reliable bulk chemical delivery system for high purity chemicals employing a manifold that ensures contamination free operation and canister change outs with a minimum of valves and tubing.
Abstract:
A metal phosphide composition is disclosed for generating a mixture of phosphine and diluent gas(es), presented ready for use in a hydrolysis process or apparatus in the form of a free-flowing particulate metal phosphide material composed of loose particles of said metal phosphide essentially free of metal phosphide dust, essentially free of hydrolysis retarding agents and essentially free of hydrophobic substances in the form of coatings or hydrophobizing additives. In use the hydrolyzable metal phosphide, preferably magnesium phosphide, is released directly into liquid water under an atmosphere of gas inert to phosphine. The generated mixture of phosphine and inert carrier gas, e.g. CO.sub.2, can be used as such or is diluted into a gas mixing chamber with air to a concentration below the ignitability limit before being used in fumigation. The composition is manufactured by reacting a finely divided metal, selected from the group consisting of aluminum, calcium and magnesium with yellow phosphorus in an inert gas atmosphere and in the presence of a catalyst. Throughout the reaction batch and throughout the process, once reacting has commenced, a temperature is maintained within the range of 350.degree. C. to 550.degree. C. The metal phosphide is withdrawn as a particulate free-flowing material and is packaged ready for use in phosphine generation in such free-flowing condition, essentially free of dust, essentially free of hydrolysis retarding agents and essentially free of hydrophobizing substance in the form of coating or hydrophobizing additives, in a gastight container.