公开(公告)号：US06802220B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-12

申请号：US10028096

申请日：2001-10-25

Applicant: Masaki Takasan ,  Yoshikazu Koike ,  Sadayuki Ueha

Inventor： Masaki Takasan ,  Yoshikazu Koike ,  Sadayuki Ueha

IPC: B65G2700

CPC classification number: B06B1/085 ,  B06B1/0238 ,  B06B1/0253 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/58 ,  B06B2201/70 ,  B65G54/00 ,  G10K9/128

Abstract: An apparatus levitates and transports an object. The apparatus levitates the object above the surfaces of a plurality of vibrators by air pressure of sound waves that are generated by the vibrators. The apparatus has a plurality of vibration devices, each of which corresponds to one of the vibrators. Each vibration device includes a first transducer for vibrating the corresponding vibrator. Each transducer includes a super-magnetostrictive material. A common power source is connected to at least two of the first transducers for actuating the first transducers.

Abstract translation: 一种装置悬浮并运送物体。 该装置通过由振动器产生的声波的空气压力使多个振动器的表面上方的物体悬浮。 该装置具有多个振动装置，每个振动装置对应于一个振动器。 每个振动装置包括用于振动相应振动器的第一换能器。 每个换能器包括一个超磁致伸缩材料。 公共电源连接到用于致动第一换能器的第一换能器中的至少两个。

公开(公告)号：US20040064280A1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-01

申请号：US10261641

申请日：2002-09-30

Applicant: Robert Bosch Corporation

Inventor： Ralf Seip ,  Russell C. Watts

IPC: G10K011/00

CPC classification number: B60H1/00742 ,  B06B1/0215 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/51 ,  B06B2201/70 ,  B60H1/00735 ,  B60H1/00771 ,  B60H1/00814 ,  B60R21/01536 ,  B60W30/18054 ,  B60W40/09 ,  B60W2040/0818 ,  G01S7/52006 ,  G01S7/5205 ,  G01S7/521

Abstract: Method, apparatus and computer programs are described for compensating for the effect of temperature on the sensitivity of electrostatic ultrasound (US) transducers, particularly as used in an automotive occupancy sensing (AOS) systems for sensing the nature or type of occupant and the location of the occupant with respect to the vehicle interior. The invention permits the AOS to classify the occupancy state of the vehicle from a US echo signal substantially free of the effects of temperature on signal amplitude. A capacitive divider or voltage monitor is employed to measure the capacitance of the transducer. The voltage monitor output is used by the scaling algorithm of a compensator to determine the scaling factor to be applied to the US transducer signal to compensate for the effect of temperature on the transducer sensitivity. Calibration procedures and software are disclosed for determining the coefficients of the scaling algorithm to compensate for temperature effects and also to compensate for installation factors, transducer manufacturing variations, and circuit board effects. The system disclosed is useful for other types of signal processing in addition to temperature compensation of AOS ultrasonic signals, and may be used in other ranging devices such as cameras, golf or binocular range finders, and measuring devices and instruments.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于补偿温度对静电超声波（US）传感器的灵敏度的影响的方法，装置和计算机程序，特别是在用于感测乘员的性质或类型的汽车占用感测（AOS）系统中使用的位置以及 乘客相对于车辆内部。 本发明允许AOS从基本上不受温度对信号幅度的影响的美国回波信号分类车辆的占用状态。 采用电容分压器或电压监视器来测量传感器的电容。 电压监视器输出由补偿器的缩放算法使用，以确定应用于美国换能器信号的比例因子，以补偿温度对传感器灵敏度的影响。 公开了用于确定缩放算法的系数以补偿温度影响并且还补偿安装因素，换能器制造变化和电路板效应的校准程序和软件。 除了AOS超声波信号的温度补偿之外，所公开的系统对于其它类型的信号处理也是有用的，并且可以用于其他测距装置，例如相机，高尔夫或双目测距仪，以及测量装置和仪器。

公开(公告)号：US20020147558A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-10

申请号：US10002453

申请日：2001-11-01

Applicant: Robert Bosch Corporation

Inventor： Ralf Seip ,  Russell C. Watts

IPC: G06F019/00

CPC classification number: B60H1/00742 ,  B06B1/0215 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/51 ,  B06B2201/70 ,  B60H1/00735 ,  B60H1/00771 ,  B60H1/00814 ,  B60R21/01536 ,  B60W30/18054 ,  B60W40/09 ,  B60W2040/0818 ,  G01S7/52006 ,  G01S7/5205 ,  G01S7/521

Abstract: Method, apparatus and computer programs are described for compensating for the effect of temperature on the sensitivity of electrostatic ultrasound (US) transducers, particularly as used in an automotive occupancy sensing (AOS) systems for sensing the nature or type of occupant and the location of the occupant with respect to the vehicle interior. The invention permits the AOS to classify the occupancy state of the vehicle from a US echo signal substantially free of the effects of temperature on signal amplitude. A capacitive divider or voltage monitor is employed to measure the capacitance of the transducer. The voltage monitor output is used by the scaling algorithm of a compensator to determine the scaling factor to be applied to the US transducer signal to compensate for the effect of temperature on the transducer sensitivity. Calibration procedures and software are disclosed for determining the coefficients of the scaling algorithm to compensate for temperature effects and also to compensate for installation factors, transducer manufacturing variations, and circuit board effects. The system disclosed is useful for other types of signal processing in addition to temperature compensation of AOS ultrasonic signals, and may be used in other ranging devices such as cameras, golf or binocular range finders, and measuring devices and instruments.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于补偿温度对静电超声波（US）传感器的灵敏度的影响的方法，装置和计算机程序，特别是在用于感测乘员的性质或类型的汽车占用感测（AOS）系统中使用的位置以及 乘客相对于车辆内部。 本发明允许AOS从基本上不受温度对信号幅度的影响的美国回波信号分类车辆的占用状态。 采用电容分压器或电压监视器来测量传感器的电容。 电压监视器输出由补偿器的缩放算法使用，以确定应用于美国换能器信号的比例因子，以补偿温度对传感器灵敏度的影响。 公开了用于确定缩放算法的系数以补偿温度影响并且还补偿安装因素，换能器制造变化和电路板效应的校准程序和软件。 除了AOS超声波信号的温度补偿之外，所公开的系统对于其它类型的信号处理也是有用的，并且可以用于其他测距装置，例如相机，高尔夫或双目测距仪，以及测量装置和仪器。

公开(公告)号：US20020105414A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-08

申请号：US10062058

申请日：2002-02-01

Inventor： Christian Arndt

IPC: G08B003/00

CPC classification number: B06B1/0261 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/53 ,  G10K9/13

Abstract: An acoustic signal generator, and a method for generating an acoustic signal are described. The acoustic signal generator has a membrane that can oscillate, a deflection sensor for detecting any deflection of the membrane, an exciter configuration that is coupled to the membrane, and a power semiconductor switch with a load path that is connected to the exciter configuration. The switch has a drive connection. A drive circuit has a first connection connected to the drive connection of the power semiconductor switch and at which a drive signal is available. The drive circuit further has a second connection, to which the deflection sensor is connected.

Abstract translation: 一种声信号发生器，以及一种用于产生声信号的方法。 声信号发生器具有能够振荡的膜，用于检测膜的任何偏转的偏转传感器，耦合到膜的激励器配置，以及具有连接到激励器配置的负载路径的功率半导体开关。 交换机有一个驱动器连接。 驱动电路具有连接到功率半导体开关的驱动连接并且驱动信号可用的第一连接。 驱动电路还具有连接偏转传感器的第二连接。

公开(公告)号：US06314380B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-06

申请号：US09325242

申请日：1999-06-03

Applicant: Ralf Seip ,  Russell C. Watts

Inventor： Ralf Seip ,  Russell C. Watts

IPC: G01K1500

CPC classification number: B60H1/00742 ,  B06B1/0215 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/51 ,  B06B2201/70 ,  B60H1/00735 ,  B60H1/00771 ,  B60H1/00814 ,  B60R21/01536 ,  B60W30/18054 ,  B60W40/09 ,  B60W2040/0818 ,  G01S7/52006 ,  G01S7/5205 ,  G01S7/521

Abstract: Method, apparatus and computer programs are described for compensating for the effect of temperature on the sensitivity of electrostatic ultrasound (US) transducers, particularly as used in an automotive occupancy sensing (AOS) systems for sensing the nature or type of occupant and the location of the occupant with respect to the vehicle interior. The invention permits the AOS to classify the occupancy state of the vehicle from a US echo signal substantially free of the effects of temperature on signal amplitude. A capacitive divider or voltage monitor is employed to measure the capacitance of the transducer. The voltage monitor output is used by the scaling algorithm of a compensator to determine the scaling factor to be applied to the US transducer signal to compensate for the effect of temperature on the transducer sensitivity. Calibration procedures and software are disclosed for determining the coefficients of the scaling algorithm to compensate for temperature effects and also to compensate for installation factors, transducer manufacturing variations, and circuit board effects. The system disclosed is useful for other types of signal processing in addition to temperature compensation of AOS ultrasonic signals, and may be used in other ranging devices such as cameras, golf or binocular range finders, and measuring devices and instruments.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于补偿温度对静电超声波（US）传感器的灵敏度的影响的方法，装置和计算机程序，特别是在用于感测乘员的性质或类型的汽车占用感测（AOS）系统中使用的位置以及 乘客相对于车辆内部。 本发明允许AOS从基本上不受温度对信号幅度的影响的美国回波信号分类车辆的占用状态。 采用电容分压器或电压监视器来测量传感器的电容。 电压监视器输出由补偿器的缩放算法使用，以确定应用于美国换能器信号的比例因子，以补偿温度对传感器灵敏度的影响。 公开了用于确定缩放算法的系数以补偿温度影响并且还补偿安装因素，换能器制造变化和电路板效应的校准程序和软件。 除了AOS超声波信号的温度补偿之外，所公开的系统对于其它类型的信号处理也是有用的，并且可以用于其他测距装置，例如相机，高尔夫或双目测距仪，以及测量装置和仪器。

公开(公告)号：US6081184A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-27

申请号：US28738

申请日：1998-02-24

Applicant: Rosario Scollo

Inventor： Rosario Scollo

IPC: B06B1/02 ,  B60Q5/00 ,  G08B3/10

CPC classification number: B06B1/0207 ,  B60Q5/00 ,  G08B3/10 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/53

Abstract: A self-protected, low emission electronic device for driving a warning horn includes a coil powered from a battery through a control push-button adapted for operation by a user and included in an electric connection between a terminal of the coil and the battery. The device includes a protective circuit portion connected between the battery and the warning horn. The protective circuit portion includes a bridge structure of power components. At least a pair of the power components are MOS power transistors of which one is driven by a charge pump.

Abstract translation: 用于驱动警告喇叭的自保护低发射电子设备包括由电池供电的线圈，其通过适于用户操作并包括在线圈的端子与电池之间的电连接中的控制按钮。 该装置包括连接在电池和警告喇叭之间的保护电路部分。 保护电路部分包括功率部件的桥结构。 至少一对功率部件是由功率泵驱动的MOS功率晶体管。

公开(公告)号：US5635619A

公开(公告)日：1997-06-03

申请号：US273725

申请日：1994-07-12

Applicant: Satish S. Udpa ,  Srivatsa Vasudevan

Inventor： Satish S. Udpa ,  Srivatsa Vasudevan

IPC: B06B1/02 ,  G01L25/00 ,  G01L27/00

CPC classification number: B06B1/0215 ,  B06B1/0284 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/70 ,  Y10S73/01

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electronically driving an ultrasonic acoustic transducer. The transducer is operable in two modes; in a first mode, the lock-in frequency of the transducer is determined; in a second mode, the lock-in frequency determined in the first mode is used to modulate a tone-burst pulse to drive the transducer in an efficient manner. Operating in the first mode, the lock-in frequency is determined by exciting the transducer with a series of tone bursts, where each tone burst comprises an electronic pulse modulated by a tone of one frequency selected from a range of frequencies, and measuring the response of the transducer to each tone burst. In an alternative embodiment, the excitation of the transducer in the first mode is provided by a signal whose frequency is swept over a range. The response of the transducer is sampled at various times during the sweep. The lock-in frequency is chosen by examining the responses and choosing the frequency which gives the best response. Operating in the second mode, the transducer is driven with an electronic tone burst generated by modulating said an electronic pulse with a tone of the determined lock-in frequency.

Abstract translation: 一种用于电子驱动超声波换能器的方法和装置。 传感器可在两种模式下操作; 在第一模式中，确定换能器的锁定频率; 在第二模式中，使用在第一模式中确定的锁定频率来调制色调脉冲以有效地驱动换能器。 在第一模式中操作，锁定频率通过用一系列音调脉冲激发换能器来确定，其中每个音调包括由从频率范围中选择的一种频率的音调调制的电子脉冲，以及测量响应 的传感器到每个音调突发。 在替代实施例中，在第一模式中的换能器的激励由频率被扫过范围的信号提供。 在扫描过程中不同时间对传感器的响应进行采样。 通过检查响应并选择给出最佳响应的频率来选择锁定频率。 在第二模式下操作，换能器通过用所确定的锁定频率的音调调制所述电子脉冲而产生的电子音调脉冲来驱动。

公开(公告)号：US5406503A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-11

申请号：US954693

申请日：1992-09-30

Applicant: Daniel L. Williams, Jr. ,  Kevin P. Kepley ,  John A. Painter

Inventor： Daniel L. Williams, Jr. ,  Kevin P. Kepley ,  John A. Painter

IPC: A61B17/00 ,  A61F9/007 ,  B06B1/02 ,  G01H11/08 ,  A61B17/39

CPC classification number: B06B1/0253 ,  A61F9/00745 ,  A61B2017/00725 ,  A61B2017/00973 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/76

Abstract: An electronic control system for determining the resonant frequency of and driving ultrasonic transducers in a phacoemulsification probe used for ophthalmic surgery. The control system includes a voltage control led oscillator, power amplifier, power monitor, and automatic gain control circuit operating under the direction of command signals received from a microprocessor-based control console. The control system operates in a constant apparent power, direct drive mode with closed loop feedback maintaining the electrical power provided to the primary of a RLC transformer at the constant level requested by the command signals from the console. The frequency of the drive signal is held at the dominant resonant frequency of the ultrasonic transducer which is being driven by the control system. This resonant frequency is determined via a calibration procedure performed when the probe is first attached to the control system. During this procedure a constant voltage drive signal is swept through a range of frequencies and the electrical power consumed by the transducer is measured and stored at selected intervals such as 100 Hertz increments. The resonant frequency is also determined in part by looking for the frequency at which maximum power is consumed by the probe. The stored data is also subjected to other tests to check that the peak is indeed a resonant frequency and that the probe has selected output power characteristics about this resonant frequency, thus helping to ensure that the probe is capable of operating satisfactorily when driven by the control system.

Abstract translation: 一种电子控制系统，用于确定用于眼科手术的晶状体乳化探针中的超声换能器的谐振频率和驱动超声换能器。 控制系统包括电压控制LED振荡器，功率放大器，功率监视器，以及在从基于微处理器的控制台接收的命令信号的方向下工作的自动增益控制电路。 控制系统以恒定的视在功率工作，具有闭环反馈的直接驱动模式，保持提供给来自控制台的命令信号所要求的恒定电平的RLC变压器的主电源。 驱动信号的频率保持在由控制系统驱动的超声换能器的主谐振频率上。 该谐振频率通过首先连接到控制系统时所执行的校准程序确定。 在此过程中，恒定电压驱动信号被扫过频率范围，并且以选定的间隔（例如100赫兹增量）测量和存储换能器消耗的电功率。 谐振频率也通过寻找探头消耗最大功率的频率来部分确定。 所存储的数据还经受其他测试以检查峰值确实是谐振频率，并且探头已经选择了关于该谐振频率的输出功率特性，从而有助于确保探头在由控制器驱动时能够令人满意地运行 系统。

公开(公告)号：US5266921A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-30

申请号：US828239

申请日：1992-01-30

Applicant: Carl R. Wilson

Inventor： Carl R. Wilson

IPC: G10K9/13 ,  B06B1/02 ,  G08B3/00

CPC classification number: B06B1/0284 ,  B06B1/023 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/53

Abstract: Adjustment of the pulse energizing frequency and duty cycle of a vehicle horn is described. The horn is blown by a test energizing circuit with a varying pulse frequency and the and the frequency at which the horn produces the maximum sound pressure level is taken as the predetermined resonant frequency. Then the horn is blown by the test energizing circuit at the resonant frequency with a varying duty cycle value of duty cycle which produces a predetermined striking force of the plunger against the pole piece is taken as the predetermined impact-producing duty cycle which is used for setting the operating duty cycle of the horn in a manner depending upon the type of the horn. The horn is then blown by its own electronic energizing circuit and the actual pulse frequency thereof is adjusted, preferably by laser trimming of a resistor, to match the resonant frequency. Then the horn is blown by its own energizing circuit at the resonant frequency and the duty cycle is adjusted, preferably by laser trimming, to set the actual duty cycle in a known relation to the predetermined impact-producing duty cycle.

Abstract translation: 描述车辆喇叭的脉冲通电频率和占空比的调整。 通过具有变化的脉冲频率的测试激励电路吹喇叭，并且将喇叭产生最大声压级的频率作为预定的谐振频率。 然后，以谐振频率由试验用激励电路吹制喇叭，其工作周期的变化占空比值将产生柱塞相对于极片的预定击打力作为预定的冲击产生占空比，其用于 以取决于喇叭的类型的方式设定喇叭的工作占空比。 然后通过其自身的电子激励电路吹喇叭，优选通过电阻器的激光微调来调整其实际脉冲频率以匹配谐振频率。 然后通过谐振频率的自身通电电路吹喇叭，优选通过激光修整来调整占空比，以将已知的占空比设定为与预定的冲击产生占空比相关的已知关系。

公开(公告)号：US5095890A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-17

申请号：US545483

申请日：1990-06-27

Applicant: Richard B. Houghton ,  Dean C. Obray

Inventor： Richard B. Houghton ,  Dean C. Obray

IPC: B06B1/02

CPC classification number: B06B1/0253 ,  B06B2201/40 ,  B06B2201/76

Abstract: A method for automatically optimizing ultrasonic frequency power applied by a transducer to human tissue while the transducer is energized with ultrasonic signals from an ultrasonic signal generator. The frequency of an ultrasonic energizing signal applied by the ultrasonic signal generator to the transducer is set. The frequency of the energizing signal applied to the ultrasonic signal generator to the transducer is scanned, at reoccurring intervals, through a sequence of frequencies. The optimum level of power from the transducer is monitored as the frequency is scanned. The frequency of the ultrasonic energizing signal applied by the ultrasonic signal generator is ultimately reset, substantially at the frequency that causes the optimum level of power, until the next reoccurring interval.

Abstract translation: 一种在超声波信号发生器的超声波信号激发换能器时，自动优化换能器对人体组织施加的超声频率功率的方法。 设置由超声波信号发生器施加到换能器的超声波激励信号的频率。 通过频率序列，以重复的间隔扫描施加到超声信号发生器到换能器的激励信号的频率。 当扫描频率时，监测来自传感器的最佳功率水平。 由超声波信号发生器施加的超声波激励信号的频率最终被重置，基本上在导致最佳功率电平的频率下直到下一个重现间隔。