Abstract:
Gates or switches for use in circuits implementing ternary and multi-value functions are disclosed. The gates can be optical, mechanical or electrical. The gates can conduct or not conduct when a control input assumes one of multiple states, or when a control input assumes two or more of multiple states. Circuits and methods for implementing ternary and multi-value functions are also disclosed. Corrective design techniques that can be used when a logic expression is incorrectly realized are also disclosed. Circuits that use inverters and gates to realize logic expressions are also provided.
Abstract:
A camera system has at least a first and a second camera which are attached to a common platform, each camera having a lens and an image sensor. Active areas of the image sensors of the first and second camera are determined. Image data only gathered from active areas of image sensors establish a panoramic image, which may be called an extended image space. Position sensors allow a processor to determine a location and a pose of the camera system. Coordinates of the extended image space are associated with a position of an object in physical space relative to a pointing direction of the camera system. A screen displays image data of a window of preset size around the image of the object in extended image space. A neural network is used to train the camera system to predict a position of an object based on camera rotations.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus to create and display screen stereoscopic and panoramic images are disclosed. Methods and apparatus are provided to generate multiple images that are combined into a stereoscopic or a panoramic image. An image may be a static image. It may also be a video image. A controller provides correct camera settings for different conditions. A focus sensor is included and determines a focus setting of one lens/sensor unit having a plurality of focus settings. Focus settings of other lens/sensor units are associated with the focus settings determined for the one lens/sensor unit. A focus mechanism controlled by the controller sets the focus settings of the plurality of lens/sensor units based on the focus setting of the one lens/sensor unit determined by the focus sensor.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus track an object with a first camera causing a second camera to also track the object. The object is a moving object. Geospatial coordinates, including an elevation or altitude of a camera are determined on the camera. A pose of the camera, including a pitch angle and an azimuth angle are also determined. Azimuth is determined by a digital compass. A camera pose including pitch is determined by accelerometers and/or gyroscopes. Cameras are communicatively connected allowing to display an image recorded by one camera being displayed on a second camera. At least one camera is on a movable platform with actuators. Actuators are controlled to minimize a difference between a first image of the object and a second image of the object. Cameras are part of a wearable headframe.
Abstract:
N-state switching tables are transformed by a Lab-transform into a Lab-transformed n-state switching table. Memory devices, processors and combinational circuits with inputs and an output are characterized by the Lab-transformed n-state switching table and perform switching operations between physical states in accordance with a Lab-transformed n-state switching table. The devices characterized by Lab-transformed n-state switching tables are applied in cryptographic devices. The cryptographic devices perform standard cryptographic operations that are modified in accordance with a Lab-transform.
Abstract:
A digital image is obtained from a camera in a smartphone and is processed by a processor on the smartphone to modify a part but not all of the pixels in a frame of the digital image, which is a digital video image, which is modified by image processing in accordance with a modification mask and reversible modification instructions, and is transmitted to a second smartphone with a display screen to display the modified image. Image processing data are transmitted to the second smartphone to enable restoring the original digital video image from the partially reversibly modified image and to be displayed in unmodified form on the display screen.
Abstract:
A sequence generator implemented on a receiver is synchronized with a sequence generator at a transmitter. The receiver receives k n-state symbols, with k>1 and n>1 wherein each of the k n-state symbols is associated with a generating state of the sequence generator at the transmitter. A processor in the receiver evaluates an n-state expression that generates an n-state symbol that is associated with a synchronized state of the receiver. Coefficients related to the n-state expression are stored on a memory and are retrieved by the processor. The synchronized state in one embodiment is part of a code hop. The sequence generator in the receiver may be part of a descrambler, of a communication device, of a data storage device and/or of an opening mechanism.
Abstract:
An encoder creates an (p,k,n) n-state codeword with p n-state symbols of which k n-state symbols are data symbols, an n-state symbol being represented by a signal with n>2, p>2 and k>(p-k). Intermediate states of an encoder in forward and in reverse direction are provided in a comparative n-state expression and implemented on a processor. A plurality of signals representing a codeword with at least one n-state symbol in error is processed by the processor by evaluating the comparative n-state expression. A partial result of an expression is determined after a symbol has been received. An error location and an error magnitude are determined. The error is corrected by the processor.
Abstract:
Reversible and self reversing multi-value scrambling functions created by applying multi-value inverters are disclosed. The generation of possible multi-value inverters is also presented. Corresponding multi-value descrambling functions are also disclosed. The multi-value functions are used in circuits that scramble and descramble multi-value signals. The multi-value functions can also be used in signal generators. Such signal generators do not require the use of multipliers. The auto-correlation of the signals generated by the signal generators is also presented. Electronic circuits that implement the multi-value functions are also described.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for coding and decoding n-state symbols with n≧2 and n>2 and n>3 and n>4 are provided wherein at least one implementation of an addition over an alternate finite field GF(n) and an inverter defined by a multiplication over the alternate finite field GF(n) are provided. Encoders and decoders implementing a single n-state truth table that is a truth table of an addition over an alternate finite field GF(n) modified in accordance with at least one inverter defined by a multiplication over the alternate finite field GF(n) are also provided. Encoders include scramblers, Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) based encoders, sequence generator based encoders, block coders, streaming cipher encoders, transposition encoders, hopping rule encoders, Feistel network based encoders, check symbol based encoders, Hamming coder, error correcting encoders, encipherment encoders, Elliptic Curve Coding encoders and all corresponding decoders. Systems applying encoders and decoders also are provided.