公开(公告)号：US5164669A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-17

申请号：US555864

申请日：1990-07-23

Applicant: Min Namkung ,  Peter W. Kushnick ,  William T. Yost ,  John L. Grainger

Inventor： Min Namkung ,  Peter W. Kushnick ,  William T. Yost ,  John L. Grainger

IPC: G01L1/25 ,  G01L5/00 ,  G01N29/14 ,  G01N29/24

CPC classification number: G01L1/255 ,  G01L5/0047 ,  G01N29/14 ,  G01N29/2412 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/0421 ,  G01N2291/0422

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus for characterizing residual uniaxial stress in a ferromagnetic test member by distinguishing between residual stresses resulting from positive (tension) forces and negative (compression) forces by using the distinct and known magnetoacoustic (MAC) and a novel magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) measurement circuit means. A switch permits the selective operation of the respective circuit means.

Abstract translation: 本发明是通过使用不同的已知的磁声（MAC）和新型的磁声发射来区分由正（拉力）力和负（压缩）力产生的残余应力来表征铁磁测试构件中的残余单轴应力的方法和装置 （MAE）测量电路装置。 开关允许各个电路装置的选择性操作。

公开(公告)号：US4744253A

公开(公告)日：1988-05-17

申请号：US905970

申请日：1986-09-11

Applicant: Gerardus A. J. Hermkens

Inventor： Gerardus A. J. Hermkens

IPC: G01L1/00 ,  B41F33/00 ,  G01B17/02 ,  G01L1/16 ,  G01L1/25 ,  G01L5/00 ,  H01L27/20

CPC classification number: B41F33/0072 ,  G01B17/025 ,  G01L1/16 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01L5/0085 ,  Y10S310/80

Abstract: A system is provided for determining the pressure exerted on an object passed between two rollers. The system comprises a sensor of pressure-sensitive material and a transmission/receiving device for generating an ultrasonic wave in the sensor and then detecting the reflected pulse received by the sensor. The time difference between the transmission pulse and the pulse received by the sensor is related to the pressure exerted on the object in the nip. Preferably, the sensor consists of a laminated film comprising in sequence: a first layer of electrically conducting material; a layer of polyvinylidene fluoride; a second layer of electrically conducting material having detector regions; a layer of dielectric material; and a third layer of electrically conducting material.

Abstract translation: 提供一种用于确定施加在两个辊之间通过的物体上的压力的系统。 该系统包括压敏材料传感器和用于在传感器中产生超声波然后检测由传感器接收的反射脉冲的发送/接收装置。 传输脉冲与由传感器接收的脉冲之间的时间差与在辊隙中施加在物体上的压力有关。 优选地，传感器由依次包括第一层导电材料的叠层膜组成。 一层聚偏氟乙烯; 具有检测器区域的第二层导电材料; 介电材料层; 和第三层导电材料。

公开(公告)号：US4625554A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-02

申请号：US715448

申请日：1985-03-25

Applicant: Maurice Lanzoni

Inventor： Maurice Lanzoni

IPC: B25B23/14 ,  B25B23/142 ,  G01L1/25 ,  G21C3/326 ,  G21C17/00 ,  G01N29/00

CPC classification number: B25B23/1425 ,  B25B23/14 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G21C17/00 ,  G21C3/326 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  Y02E30/38

Abstract: A tightening wrench (5) carrying a measuring cell (8) freely mounted in the hollow part (4) of a wrench (5) and adapted to bear against an end of the pin (2) subjected to the pretension. A detector emitting and receiving ultrasounds (21) disposed inside the measuring cell (8) is made to bear against the end of the pin (2) by a spring (25) interposed between the cell (8) and the detector (21). The cell (8) itself bears against the end of the pin (2) through the action of a leaf spring (9) carried by the wrench (5).

Abstract translation: 一种紧固扳手（5），其承载测量单元（8），该测量单元（8）可自由地安装在扳手（5）的中空部分（4）中并且适于承受经受预张力的销（2）的一端。 设置在测量单元（8）内部的发射和接收超声波（21）的检测器通过介于电池（8）和检测器（21）之间的弹簧（25）制成抵靠销（2）的端部。 电池（8）本身通过由扳手（5）承载的板簧（9）的作用而抵靠销（2）的端部。

公开(公告)号：US4484475A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-27

申请号：US444391

申请日：1982-11-09

Applicant: Yukio Ogura ,  Takeshi Miyajima

Inventor： Yukio Ogura ,  Takeshi Miyajima

IPC: G01L1/25 ,  G01N29/04 ,  G01N29/00

CPC classification number: G01N29/043 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/02872 ,  G01N2291/0421

Abstract: A method of measuring a contact stress at contacting surfaces of solid masses of a same kind or different kinds by utilizing an ultrasonic wave, including the steps of causing an ultrasonic wave to impinge onto the contacting surfaces; comparing an acoustic wave of the ultrasonic wave reflected from the contacting surfaces with an acoustic wave of the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the contacting surfaces (4); and measuring the contact stress using the value of the comparison as the index of evaluation, whereby measuring non-destructively, easily, quantitatively and with a high precision, the contact stress of the contacting surfaces of parts or members constituting, for example, a machine or equipment in their stationary as well as dynamic conditions.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / JP82 / 00087 Sec。 371日期：1982年11月9日 102（e）日期1982年11月9日PCT申请日1982年3月30日PCT公布。 出版物WO82 / 03672 日期：1982年10月28日。一种通过利用超声波测量相同种类或不同种类固体接触表面的接触应力的方法，包括以下步骤：使超声波撞击到接触表面上; 将从接触表面反射的超声波的声波与穿过接触表面（4）的超声波的声波进行比较; 并且使用比较值来测量接触应力作为评价指标，从而以非破坏性，容易，定量和高精度测量构成例如机器的部件或接触部件的接触表面的接触应力 或设备处于静止状态以及动态状态。

公开(公告)号：US4471657A

公开(公告)日：1984-09-18

申请号：US262796

申请日：1981-05-12

Applicant: Hugh A. Voris ,  Kenneth R. Boyd ,  David A. Vossbrink

Inventor： Hugh A. Voris ,  Kenneth R. Boyd ,  David A. Vossbrink

IPC: G01B17/04 ,  G01L1/25 ,  G01N29/07 ,  G01N29/00

CPC classification number: G01B17/04 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01N29/07 ,  G01N29/449 ,  G01N2291/02827

Abstract: A digital ultrasonic extensometer for measuring the stress in a tensile load member, such as a bolt under load, the extensometer including a transducer permanently or temporarily in contact with the load member being measured, an intelligent processing means controlled time interval measuring means which generate a number of signals for energizing the transducer, the transducer, in turn, receiving the return pulse from the far end of the member under test and converting it into an electrical signal which is amplified and provided to the digital circuitry; the time interval measuring means then measure the number of clock pulses and portions of clock pulses during the period of time from the pulser signal to the receipt of the signal return from the end of the test member, provide a plurality of such pulse groups to the intelligent processing means, which enhance the accuracy of measurement by computational averaging computing, and indicate on a digital display and on an included paper printer, the computed indication of stress, length, elongation, temperature, and test member identifying information, such parameters being stored in the intelligent processing means having been either manually provided or internally determined as applicable.

Abstract translation: 一种数字超声波引伸计，用于测量诸如负载螺栓的拉伸负载构件中的应力，所述引伸计包括永久地或暂时与所测量的负载构件接触的换能器，智能处理装置控制的时间间隔测量装置， 用于激励换能器的信号数量，换能器又接收来自被测元件的远端的返回脉冲，并将其转换成放大并提供给数字电路的电信号; 时间间隔测量装置然后测量从脉冲发生器信号到从测试构件的端部接收到信号返回的时间段期间的时钟脉冲数和时钟脉冲的数量，向多个这样的脉冲组提供多个这样的脉冲组 智能处理装置，其通过计算平均计算提高测量的准确度，并且在数字显示器和包含的纸张打印机上指示计算出的应力，长度，伸长率，温度和测试构件识别信息的指示，这些参数被存储 在智能处理装置中已被手动提供或内部确定适用。

公开(公告)号：US4413518A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-08

申请号：US284761

申请日：1981-07-20

Applicant: Robert L. Jones

Inventor： Robert L. Jones

IPC: G01B17/04 ,  G01L1/25 ,  G01N29/07 ,  G01N29/00

CPC classification number: G01B17/04 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01N29/07 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/02854 ,  Y10S367/90

Abstract: A bolt elongation measurement apparatus and method for measuring the length of bolts of all sizes and shapes. The apparatus utilizes a microprocessor-based digital system including a binary counter which counts pulses generated by a high frequency oscillator during the time interval between the entry into the bolt of a first pulse and exit from the bolt of a second pulse derived from the reflection return of ultrasonic energy from the opposite end of the bolt. The count is applied to a computer for calculation of bolt length or of bolt stretch due to mechanical stress. The calculation also incorporates data input via thumbwheel switches and corresponding to material velocity, stress correction factor, measurement temperature, and thermal correction factor. A unique digital filtering algorithm ensures an accurate and stable measurement. The receiver of the apparatus overcomes the problem of spurious ultrasonic reflection characteristics of threaded bolts by means of a dual characteristic echo sensing circuit to deal with stress-induced pulse distortion and a unique gain contour circuit to deal with spurious echo pulses that are characteristic of threaded bolts.

Abstract translation: 一种用于测量所有尺寸和形状的螺栓的长度的螺栓伸长测量装置和方法。 该装置利用基于微处理器的数字系统，该数字系统包括二进制计数器，该二进制计数器在从第一脉冲进入螺栓的螺栓之间的时间间隔内计算由高频振荡器产生的脉冲，并从从反射回波得到的第二脉冲的螺栓中退出 的超声能量来自螺栓的相对端。 计算应用于计算机的螺栓长度或由于机械应力引起的螺栓拉伸。 计算还包括通过指轮开关输入的数据，对应于材料速度，应力校正因子，测量温度和热校正因子。 独特的数字滤波算法可确保准确稳定的测量。 该装置的接收器通过双特征回波检测电路克服螺纹螺栓的假超声波反射特性的问题，以处理应力引起的脉冲失真和唯一的增益轮廓电路，以处理螺纹特征的寄生回波脉冲 螺栓

公开(公告)号：US4399702A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-23

申请号：US324443

申请日：1981-11-24

Applicant: Katsumichi Suzuki

Inventor： Katsumichi Suzuki

IPC: G01L1/00 ,  G01L1/25 ,  G01N29/07 ,  G01N29/11 ,  G01N29/34 ,  G01S15/89 ,  G01N29/00 ,  G01H5/00 ,  G01N24/04

CPC classification number: G01N29/07 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01N29/11 ,  G01N29/348 ,  G01S15/8952 ,  G01N2291/02827

Abstract: Two ultrasonic wave beams of different frequencies are emitted into a body under consideration from different locations on a surface of the body and a scattered wave beam created at a scattering point in the body by the interaction between the two ultrasonic wave beams is received. The emitting locations of the ultrasonic wave beams and the receiving location of the scattered wave beam are caused to scan. Thus, the stress distribution in the body is measured on the basis of the received outputs resulting from the scanning.

Abstract translation: 不同频率的两个超声波束在身体表面的不同位置被发射到体内，并且通过两个超声波束之间的相互作用在体内的散射点产生的散射波束被接收。 对超声波束的发射位置和散射波束的接收位置进行扫描。 因此，基于由扫描得到的接收输出来测量体内的应力分布。

公开(公告)号：US3943755A

公开(公告)日：1976-03-16

申请号：US517026

申请日：1974-10-22

Applicant: Mitsuru Arii ,  Hideo Kashiwaya ,  Kuniharu Uchida

Inventor： Mitsuru Arii ,  Hideo Kashiwaya ,  Kuniharu Uchida

IPC: G01L1/25 ,  G01N29/07 ,  G01N9/24

CPC classification number: G01N29/07 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01N2291/02827

Abstract: Method and apparatus for measuring the magnitude of a clamping load applied to a laminated iron core of an electric machine which comprises the steps of introducing a sound wave into a laminated iron core of an electric machine at one end face thereof and immediately generating a first electric signal; producing a second electric signal when the sound wave passes through the core body and reaches the opposite end face thereof; measuring a time interval between the emission of the first electric signal and that of the second electric signal; dividing a distance between both end faces of the laminated iron core by the measured time interval to calculate the velocity of a sound wave vertically propagating through the laminated iron core; and determining the measured magnitude of clamping load applied to said core from the calculated propagating velocity of a sound wave with reference to previously prepared data on a relationship between the magnitude of clamping load applied to the core and the corresponding propagating velocity of a sound wave.

Abstract translation: 用于测量施加到电机的层叠铁芯的夹紧负载的大小的方法和装置，包括以下步骤：将声波在其一个端面引入电机的层叠铁芯，并立即产生第一电 信号; 当声波通过芯体并到达其相对端面时产生第二电信号; 测量第一电信号的发射与第二电信号的发射之间的时间间隔; 将层叠铁芯的两个端面之间的距离除以测量的时间间隔，以计算垂直传播通过层叠铁芯的声波的速度; 并且根据所计算的声波传播速度，根据预先准备的数据，确定施加到所述芯的钳位负载的测量幅值，该数据关于施加到芯的钳位负载的大小与声波的相应传播速度之间的关系。

公开(公告)号：US3587297A

公开(公告)日：1971-06-28

申请号：US3587297D

申请日：1968-09-25

Applicant: US NAVY

Inventor： KAMMER ERWIN W

IPC: G01L1/25 ,  G01N29/07

CPC classification number: G01N29/07 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/02872

Abstract: APPARATUS FOR PRECISE STRESS MEASUREMENT WHICH INCLUDES THE SIMULTANEOUS TRANSMISSION OF TWO ULTRASONIC WAVES INTO AN ISOTORPIC POLYCRYSTALLINE MEDIUM IN A DIRECTION NORMAL TO THE DIRECTION OF THE STRESS FIELD APPLIED THERETO. ONE OF THE WAVES IS POLARIZED PARALLEL TO THE DIRECTION OF THE STRESS FIELD SO THAT INCREASING STRESSES CAUSE A DECREASE IN THE ULTRASONIC WAVE VELOCITY WITHIN THE MEDIUM, AND THE OTHER IS POLARIZED PERPENDICULAR TO THE STRESS FIELD SO THAT INCREASING CAUSE AN INCREASE IN THE ULTRASONIC WAVE VELOCITY WITHIN THE MEDIUM. THE WAVE VELOCITIES OF THE TWO SIGNALS ARE DIFFERENTIALLY COMPARED TO THEREBY PROVIDE PRECISE MEASUREMENT OF THE APPLIED STRESS INDEPENDENT OF TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS.

公开(公告)号：US3307393A

公开(公告)日：1967-03-07

申请号：US33251163

申请日：1963-12-23

Applicant: INGERSOLL RAND CO

Inventor： KESSLER FREDERICK M

IPC: B25B23/14 ,  G01L1/25 ,  G01L5/24

CPC classification number: G01L1/255 ,  B25B23/14 ,  G01L5/24 ,  G01N2291/02827