公开(公告)号：US5514353A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-07

申请号：US266646

申请日：1994-06-28

Applicant: Otto Adlhart

Inventor： Otto Adlhart

IPC: B01J7/02 ,  C01B3/06 ,  H01M8/06 ,  B01J7/00

CPC classification number: C01B3/065 ,  B01J7/02 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  Y02E60/362

Abstract: The reaction of alkali, alkali-earth metal hydride with water is utilized for the generation of hydrogen in a novel generator configuration. This overcomes the problem associated with the expansion of the hydride upon its conversion to hydroxide or oxide when reacting with water encountered in prior art generators. The hydride cartridge is comprised of a structure of corrugated perforated sheet metal and several layers of water wicking material, which hydride granules has dispersed within it. The hydride cartridge is housed in a reactor to which liquid water is admitted in a controlled mode. As the water enters the reactor and reaches the cartridge, hydrogen is instantaneously generated by the hydride water reaction. The hydrogen generation continues as long as unreacted hydride remains and water is being admitted. The wicking material allows the reaction to proceed inasmuch as it overcomes the rate limiting effect of diffusion barriers which may develop as portions of the hydride granules are reacted. As the reaction proceeds, compression of the sheet metal corrugations of the cartridge structure accommodates the volumetric expansion associated with hydride expansion. The combination of the corrugated cartridge structure and the wicking material dispersed throughout the cartridge facilitate the complete utilization of the hydride and water in a demand responsive mode. The generator is utilizable where intermediate hydrogen storage is impractical, e.g., for electric power generation in fuel cells generally and for underwater vehicles to overcome space restraints.

Abstract translation: 碱，碱土金属氢化物与水的反应用于在新型发生器结构中产生氢。 这克服了当与现有技术的发生器中遇到的水反应时氢化物转化为氢氧化物或氧化物时膨胀的问题。 氢化物盒由波纹穿孔的金属片和几层吸水芯材料组成，这种氢化物颗粒分散在其中。 氢化物筒容纳在受控模式中允许液态水的反应器中。 当水进入反应器并到达料筒时，氢气水反应瞬间产生氢气。 只要未反应的氢化物残留并且水被允许，氢气的产生就会继续下去。 芯吸材料允许反应进行，因为它克服了当氢化物颗粒的部分反应时可能发展的扩散阻挡层的速率限制效应。 随着反应的进行，筒结构的金属板波纹的压缩容纳与氢化物膨胀有关的体积膨胀。 瓦楞纸盒结构和分散在整个纸盒中的芯吸材料的组合有助于以需求响应模式完全利用氢化物和水。 在中间氢气储存是不切实际的情况下，例如用于燃料电池中的发电，并且为了水下航行器克服空间限制，发电机是可利用的。

公开(公告)号：US5244640A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-14

申请号：US699683

申请日：1991-05-13

Applicant: J. Harvey Crawford

Inventor： J. Harvey Crawford

IPC: B01J7/02 ,  B01J37/02 ,  C01B3/08

CPC classification number: C01B3/08 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J7/02 ,  Y02E60/36

Abstract: An gas generator is disclosed that generates gas from a pressure-producing reaction of reactant pieces and reactant fluid. The generator includes a pressure/reaction regulator for use with a reaction chamber. The regulator includes a reactant-fluid accumulator in communication with the reaction chamber via a reactant-fluid port for adjusting pressure in the chamber relative to a preselected threshold pressure. The regulator also includes at least one body extending substantially into the reaction chamber from the reactant-fluid port. The body is formed with holes for letting fluid under pressure into and out of the chamber. Also disclosed is such a regulator that is usable with a reaction chamber having plural reactant-fluid ports and includes plural bodies, one for each port. Certain bodies each have an associated check valve for allowing fluid into the reaction chamber, and certain other bodies each have an associated check valve with a counterweight for allowing fluid to exit the reaction chamber if pressure rises by a preselected increment above the preselected threshold pressure. The gas generator also includes a first and second condenser, with the latter being connected downstream of the former via a gas-exit port. The second condenser includes a spinner rotatably mounted in it for moving heavy, contaminant gases away from the gas-exit outlet under reaction pressure.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种从反应物块和反应物流体的压力产生反应产生气体的气体发生器。 发生器包括用于与反应室一起使用的压力/反应调节器。 调节器包括经由反应物流体端口与反应室连通的反应物流体储存器，用于相对于预选的阈值压力调节室内的压力。 调节器还包括从反应物流体端口基本上延伸到反应室中的至少一个体。 主体形成有用于使流体在压力下进入和离开室的孔。 还公开了一种可用于具有多个反应物流体端口的反应室的调节器，并且包括多个主体，每个端口一个。 某些体各自具有相关联的止回阀，用于允许流体进入反应室，并且某些其它主体各自具有相关联的止回阀，该配重具有用于允许流体在超过预选阀值压力的情况下以预选的增量上升的方式离开反应室。 气体发生器还包括第一和第二冷凝器，后者通过气体出口连接在前者的下游。 第二冷凝器包括可旋转地安装在其中的旋转器，用于在反应压力下将重的污染气体从气体出口排出。

公开(公告)号：US5234140A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-10

申请号：US920720

申请日：1992-07-28

Applicant: Scott W. Demarest ,  John D. Hagarty ,  Henry H. Lee ,  Jane A. Chase

Inventor： Scott W. Demarest ,  John D. Hagarty ,  Henry H. Lee ,  Jane A. Chase

IPC: B65D83/38 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B05B9/04 ,  B65D83/00 ,  B65D83/14 ,  B65D83/16

CPC classification number: B65D83/42 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B65D83/14 ,  B65D83/202 ,  B65D83/205 ,  B65D83/38 ,  B65D83/625 ,  B65D2583/005 ,  Y02W30/807

Abstract: A re-useable aerosol container is disclosed. Such an aerosol container defines an aperture and an inner chamber for containing a fluid. The aerosol container includes an aerosol valve for dispensing fluid contained within the aerosol container. The aerosol container further defines a neck surrounding the aperture and further includes a plug defining a cavity that is removably insertable into the inner chamber via the aperture. The plug includes a collar surrounding its cavity. The plug collar and the aerosol container neck are so relatively dimensioned and adapted as to be removably engageable in a fluid-tight manner when the plug cavity is inserted into the aerosol container inner chamber via the aerosol container aperture. The aerosol container further includes dry chemical formulation ingredients, disposed within the plug cavity. Such dry chemical ingredients, when mixed with water, are able to produce gas, for purposes of pressurizing the fluid container chamber. The aerosol container still further includes a water-soluble membrane, removably affixed atop the plug cavity, for retaining the dry chemical ingredients within the plug cavity.

Abstract translation: 公开了可重复使用的气溶胶容器。 这种气溶胶容器限定孔和用于容纳流体的内室。 气溶胶容器包括用于分配容纳在气溶胶容器内的流体的气溶胶阀。 气溶胶容器还限定围绕孔的颈部，并且进一步包括限定空腔的塞子，该空腔经由所述孔可移除地插入到内腔室中。 插头包括围绕其空腔的套环。 插头环和气溶胶容器颈部的尺寸相当大并且适于当插塞空腔经由气溶胶容器孔插入气溶胶容器内腔时以可流动的方式可移除地接合。 气溶胶容器还包括设置在插塞腔内的干燥化学制剂成分。 当与水混合时，这种干燥化学成分能够产生气体，用于加压流体容器室。 气溶胶容器还包括水溶性膜，可移除地固定在插塞腔顶上，用于将干燥的化学成分保持在插塞腔内。

公开(公告)号：US5188257A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-23

申请号：US785769

申请日：1991-10-31

Applicant: George Plester

Inventor： George Plester

IPC: B01J7/02 ,  B67D1/04 ,  B67D1/14

CPC classification number: B67D1/1405 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B67D1/0412 ,  Y10S261/07

Abstract: A CO.sub.2 gas generator for an aerosol device is located in a housing and chemically generates CO.sub.2 from a chemical reaction between two reagents contained within a common container. The reagents are located in different chambers of the container with a CO.sub.2 accumulation region being included in one of the chambers. A reference pressure source of a predetermined pressure forces the two reagents into contact with each other when the pressure of gas in the CO.sub.2 accumulation region is less than the predetermined pressure whereupon CO.sub.2 is generated in one of the chambers. An output conduit in fluid communication with the CO.sub.2 accumulation region is provided to withdraw the generated gas from the generator. As the CO.sub.2 is withdrawn, the gas pressure drops permitting more mixing of the reagents. When the CO.sub.2 pressure becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined pressure applied by the reference pressure source, the reagents become separated again and gas generation ceases.

Abstract translation: 用于气溶胶装置的CO 2气体发生器位于壳体中，并且通过在通用容器内容纳的两种试剂之间的化学反应来化学地产生CO 2。 试剂位于容器的不同腔室中，其中一个腔室中包含有CO 2积聚区域。 当CO 2积聚区域中的气体压力小于预定压力时，预定压力的参考压力迫使两种试剂彼此接触，从而在其中一个室中产生CO 2。 提供与CO 2积聚区域流体连通的输出管道以从发生器中抽出产生的气体。 当CO 2被抽出时，气体压力下降，允许更多的试剂混合。 当CO 2压力等于或高于由参考压力源施加的预定压力时，试剂再次分离，产生气体停止。

公开(公告)号：US5102627A

公开(公告)日：1992-04-07

申请号：US423697

申请日：1989-10-18

Applicant: George Plester

Inventor： George Plester

IPC: B01J7/02 ,  B67D1/04 ,  B67D1/14

CPC classification number: B67D1/1405 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B67D1/0412 ,  Y10S261/07

Abstract: A gas generator chemically generates a gas from a chemical reaction between two reagents contained within a common container. The reagents are normally separated by a gas generation chamber into different regions of the container in the absence of gas generation therein. A reference pressure source of a predetermined pressure forces the two reagents into contact with each other when the pressure of gas in the gas generation chamber is less than the predetermined pressure. A valve in fluid communication with the gas generation chamber is provided to withdraw the generated gas from the chamber when OPEN. As the gas flows through the valve from the chamber the gas pressure in the chamber drops permitting more mixing of the reagents. When the chamber pressure becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined pressure applied by the reference pressure source, the reagents become separated again and gas generation ceases.

Abstract translation: 气体发生器化学地从包含在通用容器中的两种试剂之间的化学反应产生气体。 在没有气体产生的情况下，试剂通常由气体发生室分离成容器的不同区域。 当气体发生室中的气体压力小于预定压力时，预定压力的参考压力源迫使两种试剂彼此接触。 提供与气体发生室流体连通的阀，以在OPEN时从腔室中抽出产生的气体。 当气体从腔室中流过阀门时，腔室中的气体压力下降，从而允许试剂的更多混合。 当室压力变得等于或高于由参考压力源施加的预定压力时，试剂再次分离，气体产生停止。

公开(公告)号：US4919310A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-24

申请号：US318824

申请日：1989-03-02

Applicant: David C. Young ,  Mark A. Willcoxen

Inventor： David C. Young ,  Mark A. Willcoxen

IPC: B01J7/02 ,  B05B9/04 ,  B65D83/14 ,  B65D83/16 ,  B65D83/28 ,  B65D83/42 ,  B65D83/58 ,  B67D1/04 ,  B67D7/72

CPC classification number: B67D7/72 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B65D83/625 ,  B67D1/045

Abstract: A self-generating gas pressure apparatus such as an expandable closed pouch for placement within a container from which a flowable material therein is to be dispensed under pressure. The apparatus has a plurality of internal compartments formed by pressure-rupturable seals and containing two respective chemical compounds which, when mixed, produce a gas. One of the chemical compounds is in aqueous solution, while the other is a precipitate present in a water-dispersible suspension medium such as a gum, an algin, pectin, or mixtures thereof. The suspension provides for uniform dispersal of the precipitated chemical and a resultant effective reaction rate with the aqueous chemical reactant.

Abstract translation: 一种自发气体压力装置，例如用于放置在容器内的可膨胀封闭袋，在其中在其中压力下分配可流动材料。 该装置具有由压力可破裂的密封件形成的多个内部隔间，并且包含两种相应的化合物，当混合时产生气体。 其中一种化合物是在水溶液中，而另一种是存在于水分散性悬浮介质如树胶，藻酸，果胶或其混合物中的沉淀。 悬浮液提供沉淀的化学品的均匀分散和与水性化学反应物的合成的有效反应速率。

公开(公告)号：US4666470A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-19

申请号：US787696

申请日：1985-10-15

Applicant: Hendrik A. Verduyn ,  Arie Griffioen

Inventor： Hendrik A. Verduyn ,  Arie Griffioen

IPC: B01D50/00 ,  B01D51/00 ,  B01D51/04 ,  B01D51/10 ,  B01D53/34 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B03C3/014 ,  B01D47/06

CPC classification number: B01D53/34 ,  B01D51/10

Abstract: A process for conditioning a gas charged with solid particles and/or vapors, which comprises passing the gas stream through a conditioning tower, spray-injecting therein water into the gas to form fine droplets which are allowed to completely evaporate out of contact with the wall, and discharging the cooled and wetted gas from the conditioning tower. According to the invention, the water is sprayed with known per se nozzles which at a reduced water supply give a droplet size less than, or equal to, that at a larger water supply, and the supply of which is variable over a wide range, and the water supply is controlled so that, upon modification of the inlet temperature T.sub.1 and/or the amount of gas, on the one hand, the water supplied is completely evaporated within the conditioning tower and, on the other hand, the outlet temperature T.sub.2 of the gas always remains above the known dew point line of the gas.

Abstract translation: 用于调节装有固体颗粒和/或蒸汽的气体的方法，其包括使气流通过调节塔，将水喷入气体中以形成细小的液滴，使其完全蒸发与壁不接触 并从调节塔排出冷却和润湿的气体。 根据本发明，用已知的本身喷嘴喷洒水，在减少的供水量下，水滴尺寸小于或等于较大供水的液滴尺寸，其供水范围可变， 并且控制供水，使得在改变入口温度T1和/或气体量时，一方面，供应的水在调节塔内完全蒸发，另一方面，出口温度T2 的气体总是保持在已知的气体露点之上。

公开(公告)号：US4591464A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-27

申请号：US671987

申请日：1984-11-15

Applicant: Nobuaki Kaneno ,  Kazuhisa Takahashi

Inventor： Nobuaki Kaneno ,  Kazuhisa Takahashi

IPC: B01D1/14 ,  B01J7/02 ,  C23C16/448 ,  H01L21/205 ,  B01F3/04

CPC classification number: B01D1/14 ,  C23C16/4482

Abstract: A bubbling evaporator comprises: a vessel (11); a partition plate (11a) for dividing the vessel (11) into an upper chamber (11b) for temporarily storing carrier gas and a lower chamber (11c) for containing liquid (2); an inlet pipe (12 or 14) for making the carrier gas blow from the upper chamber (11b) into the liquid (2) in the lower chamber (11c) through the partition plate (11a) to bubble and evaporate the liquid (2); and an outlet pipe (13) for leading the evaporated vapor together with the carrier gas to the exterior of the vessel (11). Thus, backflow of the liquid (2) to the exterior of the vessel (11) can be prevented and stable pressure of the evaporated vapor can be obtained. A method of evaporating a liquid organic metal to be used in a vapor deposition process for manufacturing semiconductor devices and the like is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 鼓泡蒸发器包括：容器（11）; 用于将容器（11）分成用于临时储存载气的上室（11b）和用于容纳液体（2）的下室（11c））的隔板（11a） 用于使载气从上室（11b）通过分隔板（11a）吹入下室（11c）中的液体（2）中的入口管（12或14）气泡并蒸发液体（2） ; 以及用于将蒸发的蒸气与载气一起引导到容器（11）的外部的出口管（13）。 因此，可以防止液体（2）回流到容器（11）的外部，并且可以获得稳定的蒸发蒸汽的压力。 还公开了一种蒸发用于制造半导体器件等的气相沉积工艺中的液体有机金属的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4588561A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-13

申请号：US628670

申请日：1984-07-06

Applicant: James E. Aswell ,  William E. Moritz, III

Inventor： James E. Aswell ,  William E. Moritz, III

IPC: C12M1/00 ,  B01D53/14 ,  C12M1/04 ,  C12M1/22 ,  B01J7/02

CPC classification number: C12M29/00 ,  C12M41/34 ,  Y10S435/801 ,  Y10S435/81

Abstract: A package is provided for removal of all or part of the oxygen in a gaseous atmosphere within the package. The package includes a gas impermeable, sealable container having a sachet disposed therein. The sachet contains an oxygen reactive material, preferably powdered iron. A compartment is provided within the container which is in fluid communication with the sachet location. The compartment is adapted to receive a predetermined level of water.

Abstract translation: 提供用于去除包装内的气体气氛中的全部或部分氧的包装。 该包装包括一个不透气的，可密封的容器，其具有设置在其中的小袋。 小袋包含氧反应性材料，优选铁粉。 在容器内设置有与小袋位置流体连通的隔室。 隔室适于接收预定水位的水。

公开(公告)号：US4543246A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-24

申请号：US657508

申请日：1984-10-04

Applicant: Clifford F. Houser

Inventor： Clifford F. Houser

IPC: B01J7/02 ,  C01B3/08 ,  C01B13/00

CPC classification number: B01J7/02 ,  C01B3/08 ,  Y02E60/36

Abstract: A gas generator in which the gas is produced by a reaction between a solid metal and a liquid reactant. The generator is operated to produce hydrogen intended as an energy source particularly for operating internal combustion engines. A solid reactant is reacted with a liquid reactant under conditions in which both reactants are moving and continuously maintained under operating conditions. The solid is in the form of metal balls which are conveyed through a reaction chamber on inclined perforate channels. The liquid reactant is sprayed over the moving balls. Waste solid reaction products are removed by the rolling action of the balls on the perforate channels and the washing action of the sprayed liquid reactant. In the production of hydrogen, aluminum metal balls are used and the liquid reactant is a solution of sodium hydroxide. Because the reaction is exothermic, excess heat is removed by cooling the liquid reactant.

Abstract translation: 气体发生器，其中通过固体金属和液体反应物之间的反应产生气体。 该发电机被运行以产生旨在作为能源的氢气，特别是用于操作内燃机。 在两种反应物在运行条件下移动并连续保持的条件下，固体反应物与液体反应物反应。 固体是金属球的形式，其通过倾斜穿孔通道上的反应室输送。 液体反应物被喷在移动的球上。 通过滚珠在穿孔通道上的滚动作用和喷射的液体反应物的洗涤作用除去废固体反应产物。 在氢的生产中，使用铝金属球，液体反应物是氢氧化钠溶液。 因为反应是放热的，所以通过冷却液体反应物来除去多余的热量。