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    Integrated photodiode
    1.
    发明授权
    Integrated photodiode 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11559216B1

    公开(公告)日：2023-01-24

    申请号：US15675543

    申请日：2017-08-11

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Arpit Mehta ,  Guocheng Shao ,  Tobias J. Harrison-Noonan

    IPC: A61B5/024 ,  A61B5/00

    Abstract: This relates to one or more integrated photodiodes on a back surface of a PPG device. The one or more integrated photodiodes can reduce the gap between one or more windows and the active area of the photodiode(s) to increase the PPG signal strength without affecting the depth of light penetration into skin tissue. In some examples, the photodiode stackup can contact the surface of the windows. In some examples, the photodiode stackups can exclude a separate substrate. In some examples, the photodiode stackup can be deposited on the inner surface of the windows opposite the outer surface of the device. In some examples, the photodiode stackup can be deposited on the back surface and/or outer surface of the device. In this manner, PPG sensors can be included in the device without the need for extra layers and measurement accuracy can be improved due to lower light loss.

    Electronic devices with light sensor waveguides
    2.
    发明授权
    Electronic devices with light sensor waveguides 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10694607B1

    公开(公告)日：2020-06-23

    申请号：US16450813

    申请日：2019-06-24

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Tingjun Xu ,  Guocheng Shao ,  Lei Yu ,  Ove Lyngnes ,  Sunggu Kang ,  Tianbo Sun ,  Xianwei Zhao ,  Xiaoyong Fu ,  Xingxing Cai

    IPC: H05B37/02 ,  H05B47/11 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02B5/28

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a housing with a display. A transparent portion of the housing may serve as a display cover layer and may overlap an array of pixels in the display. The array of pixels may form an active area of the display for displaying images for a user. An ambient light sensor window may be formed in an inactive area of the display that does not overlap pixels. An ambient light sensor may be mounted in an interior region of the housing. A metal-coated light guide may have a first end aligned with the ambient light sensor window to receive ambient light from an exterior region surrounding the device and may have a second end at which the ambient light is provided to the ambient light sensor.

    Electronic Devices Having Semiconductor Sensors With Metal Optical Filters
    4.
    发明公开
    Electronic Devices Having Semiconductor Sensors With Metal Optical Filters 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20230402472A1

    公开(公告)日：2023-12-14

    申请号：US18191438

    申请日：2023-03-28

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Ove Lyngnes ,  Paul J Gelsinger ,  Yijing Chen ,  Guocheng Shao ,  Louis W Baum ,  Kenneth J Vampola ,  Avery P Yuen

    IPC: H01L27/146

    CPC classification number: H01L27/14621 ,  H01L27/14623 ,  H01L27/14643

    Abstract: An electronic device may include an ambient light sensor or other semiconductor sensor. The sensor may produce signals in response to light incident on the electronic device and therefore incident on the sensor. In some cases, components within the electronic device, such as infrared components, or external light sources may interfere with the operation of the sensor. Therefore, the sensor may include a filter that transmits at least a portion of visible light while blocking infrared light. Because light may be incident on the electronic device from a variety of angles, a diffuser in the sensor may scatter the light into a desired angular distribution. To ensure that infrared light is blocked regardless of the angle of the incident light, the filter may include both thin-film dielectric layers and metal layers. The metal layers may be interleaved with the thin-film dielectric layers.

    Electronic devices with an alignment-free spectrometer
    6.
    发明授权
    Electronic devices with an alignment-free spectrometer 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11536605B2

    公开(公告)日：2022-12-27

    申请号：US17025535

    申请日：2020-09-18

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Sixian You ,  Sheng Liu ,  Christopher M. Dodson ,  Guocheng Shao ,  Mahdi Nezamabadi

    IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/14

    Abstract: An electronic device such as a portable electronic device may include a single-shot alignment-free spectrometer with no moving parts. The spectrometer may include a diffractive member, such as a grating, an aperture, and an image sensor that generates data in response to incident light. The diffractive member may diffract the incident light based on its wavelength and angle of incidence, and the aperture may further encode the light. The data generated by the image sensor may be used by control circuitry in combination with correlations between spectrometer measurements and known light profiles to determine the wavelength and angle of incidence of the light. These correlations may be determined using a deep neural network. Control circuitry may adjust one or more settings of the electronic device based on the wavelength and angle of incidence, or may use the wavelength and angle of incidence to determine information regarding an external object.

    Electronic devices with beam-steered infrared light sensing
    7.
    发明授权
    Electronic devices with beam-steered infrared light sensing 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11513003B2

    公开(公告)日：2022-11-29

    申请号：US16922914

    申请日：2020-07-07

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Sheng Liu ,  Guocheng Shao ,  Kenneth J. Vampola

    IPC: G01S17/894 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G02B27/01

    Abstract: An electronic device may include sensors such as a visible-light image sensor for capturing images. The sensors may also include optical sensors that operate at other wavelengths. An infrared light sensor may be used to gather an infrared light spectrum of a target object. The infrared light sensor may have a beam steerer and other adjustable components such as adjustable lenses and adjustable polarizers. During operation, an infrared beam emitted by the infrared light sensor may be steered onto the target object using information from a captured visible-light image and/or other sensor data such as distance sensor data, orientation sensor data, three-dimensional image sensor data, and data from other sensors. Infrared spectra, visible-light camera images, and/or data from other sensors may be used in characterizing target objects so that notifications can be provided to a user and other actions taken.

    Light Restriction Designs in Optical Sensing Applications Having Shared Windows
    8.
    发明申请
    Light Restriction Designs in Optical Sensing Applications Having Shared Windows 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20210161444A1

    公开(公告)日：2021-06-03

    申请号：US17175407

    申请日：2021-02-12

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Guocheng Shao ,  Mathieu Charbonneau-Lefort ,  Ueyn L. Block

    IPC: A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/024 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G02B3/08 ,  G02B5/22

    Abstract: This relates to an electronic device configured for optical sensing having shared windows and including light restriction designs. The light restriction designs can include one or more of optical layers, optical films, lenses, and window systems configured to reduce or eliminate crosstalk between optical components. A plurality of accepting sections and a plurality of blocking sections can be employed to selectively allow light having an angle of incidence within one or more acceptance viewing angles and block light with angles of incidence outside of the acceptance viewing angles. In some examples, the light restriction designs can include variations in optical and structural properties can allow the light restriction designs to have spatially varying acceptance angles. Variations in structural properties can include, but are not limited to, differences in widths, heights, and/or tilts of the accepting sections and/or blocking sections.

    Electronic devices with ambient light sensors and emissive displays
    9.
    发明授权
    Electronic devices with ambient light sensors and emissive displays 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10817018B1

    公开(公告)日：2020-10-27

    申请号：US16398093

    申请日：2019-04-29

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Guocheng Shao ,  Dong Zheng ,  Christopher M. Dodson ,  Kenneth J. Vampola ,  Koorosh Aflatooni

    IPC: G06F1/16 ,  G09G3/34 ,  H04N5/378 ,  H01L27/146

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a display with an array of pixels that display images for a user. The electronic device may have an ambient light sensor for gathering ambient light information. A subset of the pixels in the array of pixels may overlap the ambient light sensor so that ambient light passing through the subset of pixels may be measured. Each pixel may have an emission enable transistor coupled in series with a light-emitting diode. Control circuitry in the electronic device may disable the subset of pixels to reduce stray light during ambient light measurements while enabling remaining pixels in the array of pixels to display an image. Ambient light sensor circuitry may gather ambient light sensor measurements over one or more periods by using transfer transistors to transfer change from the photodetectors to charge storage capacitors formed from floating diffusions in a common substrate.

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