公开(公告)号：US08698668B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-15

申请号：US13128642

申请日：2008-11-11

Applicant: Hans Hellsten

Inventor： Hans Hellsten

IPC: G01S13/00

CPC classification number: G01S13/9029 ,  G01S13/72 ,  G01S13/9017 ,  G01S13/9023

Abstract: A method for detecting targets including moving and stationary targets with a radar system equipped with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) onboard a SAR platform including navigation equipment for accurate determination of the position of the SAR platform. The SAR platform is transversing a stationary ground region and targets in the ground region, in which the SAR platform obtains radar data utilizing at least one antenna. A SAR processor records the radar data and the position of the antenna or antennas for each transmitted radar pulse. Radar data within synthetic sub-apertures, are successively merged in N iteration steps into SAR images of increasing resolution of the surveyed region and wherein each iteration step includes forming a new SAR image at a new iteration level by a linear combination of neighboring SAR images in the previous iteration step. A radar system and a SAR processor used for calculating the detection and positioning of targets including moving and stationary targets.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在包括导航设备在内的SAR平台上配备有合成孔径雷达（SAR）的雷达系统来检测包括移动和固定目标的目标的方法，用于准确确定SAR平台的位置。 SAR平台横跨固定的地面区域，并在地面区域中进行目标，SAR平台利用至少一个天线获取雷达数据。 SAR处理器记录雷达数据和每个发射的雷达脉冲的天线或天线的位置。 在合成子孔径内的雷达数据在N个迭代步骤中连续合并到被测区域的增加分辨率的SAR图像中，其中每个迭代步骤包括通过相邻SAR图像的线性组合在新迭代水平上形成新的SAR图像 以前的迭代步骤。 雷达系统和SAR处理器用于计算目标的检测和定位，包括移动和固定目标。

公开(公告)号：US06441772B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-27

申请号：US09857172

申请日：2001-06-18

Applicant: Hans Hellsten ,  Lars Ulander

Inventor： Hans Hellsten ,  Lars Ulander

IPC: G01S1390

CPC classification number: G01S13/9029 ,  G01S13/90 ,  G01S13/9017

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radar system which comprises a platform which moves over a number of objects. The number of objects can be very large and the objects can appear in the form of, for example, a ground surface. The platform supports radar equipment which reproduces the objects by means of synthetic aperture technique (SAR) via at least one antenna without requirements as to directivity or fractional bandwidth. Moreover, the movement of the platform is, during the recording of data for a SAR image, essentially rectilinear and uniform. The invention is characterized mainly in that it comprises a signal-processing device which records received radar echoes from each transmitted radar pulse and records or calculates the position of the used antenna or antennae, and which calculates a one-parameter quantity of two-dimensional SAR images as a function of two image co-ordinates where the parameter is the relative speed. Here use is made of the fact that each object, i.e. a radar echo with certain image co-ordinates, is reproduced at a maximum ratio of desired to undesired signal for a predetermined value of the relative speed parameter, which value is established to be the magnitude of the relative velocity vector between the object and the platform. In the calculation, the signal-processing device backprojects radar raw data in a hierarchical scheme, where each level is based only on the immediately preceding one, and where the summation of radar raw data occurs in the form of subapertures having a gradually increasing length.

Abstract translation: 雷达系统技术领域本发明涉及一种雷达系统，其包括在多个物体上移动的平台。 物体的数量可以非常大，并且物体可以以例如地面的形式出现。 该平台支持雷达设备，其通过合成孔径技术（SAR）通过至少一个天线再现物体，而不需要方向性或分数带宽。 此外，平台的运动在SAR图像的数据记录过程中基本上是直线和均匀的。 本发明的特征主要在于它包括一个信号处理装置，其记录来自每个发送的雷达脉冲的接收到的雷达回波并记录或计算所使用的天线或天线的位置，并计算二维SAR的单参数量 图像作为两个图像坐标的函数，其中参数是相对速度。 这里使用的是，对于相对速度参数的预定值，每个对象，即具有某些图像坐标的雷达回波以期望的不期望信号的最大比率被再现，该值被确定为 对象和平台之间的相对速度向量的大小。 在计算中，信号处理装置以分层方案反向处理雷达原始数据，其中每个级别仅基于前一个级别，并且其中雷达原始数据的求和以逐渐增加的子孔径的形式出现。

公开(公告)号：US09071337B2

公开(公告)日：2015-06-30

申请号：US13578804

申请日：2010-02-17

Applicant: Hans Hellsten

Inventor： Hans Hellsten

IPC: G01S7/03 ,  G01S7/40 ,  G01S7/491 ,  G01S13/32 ,  G01S13/90 ,  H04B1/44 ,  G01S7/00 ,  G01S13/00

CPC classification number: H04B1/44 ,  G01S7/006 ,  G01S7/03 ,  G01S7/038 ,  G01S7/4021 ,  G01S13/32 ,  G01S13/90

Abstract: A transmitter/receiver arrangement comprises a digital arbitrary waveform generator AWG connected to a transmitter. Said waveform generator is configured to generate an arbitrary waveform within a given bandwidth. Said transmitter/receiver arrangement further comprises an antenna arrangement configured to emit a transmitter signal, and to receive an incident signal, a receiver configured to receive a receiver signal, and an analog isolator connected to said antenna arrangement, said transmitter, and said receiver. Said analog isolator is adapted to route said transmitter signal from said transmitter to said antenna arrangement, and said incident signal from said antenna arrangement to said receiver, and to isolate said transmitter signal from said receiver signal. Said receiver is adapted to cancel any residual transmitter signal in said receiver signal by means of at least one digital model of at least said isolator, said antenna arrangement, and said transmitter.

Abstract translation: 发射器/接收器装置包括连接到发射器的数字任意波形发生器AWG。 所述波形发生器被配置为在给定带宽内产生任意波形。 所述发射机/接收机装置还包括被配置为发射发射机信号并且接收入射信号的天线装置，被配置为接收接收机信号的接收机和连接到所述天线装置，所述发射机和所述接收机的模拟隔离器。 所述模拟隔离器适于将所述发射机信号从所述发射机路由到所述天线装置，并将所述入射信号从所述天线装置传送到所述接收机，并将所述发射机信号与所述接收机信号隔离。 所述接收机适于通过至少所述隔离器，所述天线装置和所述发射器的至少一个数字模型来消除所述接收机信号中的任何残余发射机信号。

公开(公告)号：US20120105274A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-03

申请号：US13148328

申请日：2009-02-06

Applicant: Lars-Gunnar Andersson ,  Hans Hellsten

Inventor： Lars-Gunnar Andersson ,  Hans Hellsten

IPC: G01S13/90

CPC classification number: G01S13/90 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  G01S13/28 ,  G01S2013/9041

Abstract: A radar system for a synthetic aperture radar including an arrangement of at least one transmitter, two receivers, two antennas and signal processing means located on a platform. The platform is arranged to move over ground and arranged to transmit a known signal shape and receive signals reflected from the ground. The received signals are used to produce a synthetic aperture radar image of the ground. The synthetic aperture radar image includes a number of resolution cells. The radar system is further arranged to operate in a frequency band with a center frequency and with a wide bandwidth of at least one octave. A first antenna and a second antenna have a length of less than half the wavelength of the center frequency. The radar system is further arranged for: a radar system transfer function to be flat over the frequency band and one-sided beam forming with wideband antenna gain. Also a corresponding method.

Abstract translation: 一种用于合成孔径雷达的雷达系统，包括位于平台上的至少一个发射机，两个接收机，两个天线和信号处理装置的布置。 平台被布置成在地面上移动并布置成传递已知的信号形状并接收从地面反射的信号。 接收的信号用于产生地面的合成孔径雷达图像。 合成孔径雷达图像包括多个分辨率单元。 雷达系统还被布置成在具有中心频率并且具有至少一个八度的宽带宽的频带中操作。 第一天线和第二天线的长度小于中心频率波长的一半。 雷达系统进一步布置为：在频带上平坦的雷达系统传递函数和宽带天线增益的单侧波束形成。 也是一个相应的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07884752B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-08

申请号：US12517327

申请日：2006-12-11

Applicant: Hans Hellsten ,  Lars Ulander ,  Patrik Dammert

Inventor： Hans Hellsten ,  Lars Ulander ,  Patrik Dammert

IPC: G01S13/00

CPC classification number: G01S13/9035

Abstract: A radar system comprising a platform movable along a path in relation to a ground surface portion and carrying a positioning device, a timing device and a radar equipment. It is adapted to implement synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for imaging the ground portion. It includes recording means for collecting radar raw data comprising radar echo amplitudes annotated with distance and the moment of time of collection and being intertwined with platform position measurement data annotated with the respective moment of time of collection thereof.

Abstract translation: 一种雷达系统，包括可沿相对于地面部分的路径移动的平台，并承载定位装置，定时装置和雷达装置。 它适用于实现用于成像地面部分的合成孔径雷达（SAR）。 它包括用于收集雷达原始数据的记录装置，其包括用距离注明的雷达回波幅度和收集时间，并与其收集时间的各个时刻注释的平台位置测量数据相互交织。

公开(公告)号：US07876256B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-25

申请号：US11791065

申请日：2004-11-26

Applicant: Hans Hellsten

Inventor： Hans Hellsten

IPC: G01S13/00 ,  G01S13/52 ,  G01S3/16

CPC classification number: H01Q3/2611 ,  G01S7/2813 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  G01S13/90

Abstract: A method of for processing signals in a radar system is shown comprising an antenna system having at least two antenna elements, a beam forming arrangement (ABF_RX, ABF_TX) for selectively steering the directivity of the antenna system in a given selected direction, the directivity of the antenna system having a main lobe in the selected direction and a back lobe (BL) in another direction and of a lower magnitude than the main lobe. By utilizing various scale and subtract processing both noise levels and ghost signals can be considerably reduced. A SAR radar apparatus has moreover been shown.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在雷达系统中处理信号的方法被示出为包括具有至少两个天线元件的天线系统，用于选择性地在给定选定方向上转向天线系统的方向性的波束形成装置（ABF_RX，ABF_TX），方向性 所述天线系统具有沿所选方向的主瓣和在另一方向上的后瓣（BL），并且具有比主瓣更低的幅度。 通过利用各种尺度和减法处理，可以显着地减少噪声电平和重影信号。 此外还展示了一种SAR雷达装置。

公开(公告)号：US07561096B2

公开(公告)日：2009-07-14

申请号：US12028301

申请日：2008-02-08

Applicant: Hans Hellsten

Inventor： Hans Hellsten

IPC: G01S13/90

CPC classification number: G01S13/9035 ,  G01S7/025 ,  G01S13/003 ,  G01S13/885

Abstract: The present invention can be summarized by use of a diffraction limited SAR giving large integration angle and a short depth of field which gives that energy from underground targets is focused independently at different depths to enable 3d imaging. The radar device according to the invention should be implemented by considering the following parameters: Choice of the appropriate illumination geometry, i.e. elevation angle θ, and the appropriate use of low frequency diffraction limited SAR processing to obtain 3D imaging, and the choice of an appropriately low radar frequency.

Abstract translation: 本发明可以通过使用具有大的积分角和短景深的衍射极限SAR来进行总结，这使得来自地下目标的能量独立地聚焦在不同深度以实现3D成像。 应通过考虑以下参数来实现根据本发明的雷达装置：选择适当的照明几何，即仰角θ，以及适当使用低频衍射限制SAR处理以获得3D成像，以及适当地选择 低雷达频率。

公开(公告)号：US20090128400A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-21

申请号：US11921291

申请日：2005-05-31

Applicant: Hans Hellsten ,  Nils Dagas ,  Torbjorn Elfstrom

Inventor： Hans Hellsten ,  Nils Dagas ,  Torbjorn Elfstrom

IPC: G01S13/00 ,  G01S13/90

CPC classification number: G01S13/9035 ,  G01S13/24 ,  G01S13/26 ,  G01S2007/2883

Abstract: A radar device (100) comprising transmit and receive parts, and a control unit (CU). The transmit part includes means (WG) for generating a signal within a certain band, and the receive part comprises a filter (AAF), an AD-converter (ADC) and a Fourier transform unit (FFT1). The transmit part generates a group of signals, each having a first bandwidth between a first and a second frequency, in such a way that a larger bandwidth (B1-B4) is covered by the group. The receive part is open over said larger bandwidth (B1-B4) during reception of each signal in said group, and the transmit part comprises means (PAD, FFT2) for creating FFT-copies of the received signals and means (CONJ) for creating conjugates of said copies. The receive and transmit parts comprise means (EXTR) for extracting data from the FFT from the first bandwidth covered by a received signal, and the radar device comprises means (DIFF) for correlating said extracted FFT-data.

Abstract translation: 包括发射和接收部分的雷达装置（100）和控制单元（CU）。 发送部分包括用于在特定频带内产生信号的装置（WG），并且接收部分包括滤波器（AAF），AD转换器（ADC）和傅里叶变换单元（FFT1）。 发送部分产生一组信号，每组信号具有第一和第二频率之间的第一带宽，使得该组覆盖较大带宽（B1-B4）。 接收部分在所述组中的每个信号的接收期间在所述较大带宽（B1-B4）上打开，并且发送部分包括用于创建接收信号的FFT复本的装置（PAD，FFT2）和用于创建的装置（CONJ） 所述副本的共轭物。 接收和发送部分包括用于从接收信号覆盖的第一带宽中从FFT提取数据的装置（EXTR），并且雷达装置包括用于使所提取的FFT数据相关的装置（DIFF）。

公开(公告)号：US20070001896A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-04

申请号：US10551088

申请日：2004-04-26

Applicant: Hans Hellsten

Inventor： Hans Hellsten

IPC: G01S13/90

CPC classification number: G01S7/023 ,  G01S7/4008 ,  G01S13/90

Abstract: A filter scheme for broadcast interference cancellation that is computationally efficient and numerically robust Airborne Low Frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) operating in the VHF and UHF bands has been shown. At least interference Doppler filtering or interference cancellation is utilised. The interference cancellation involves prediction of the interference for each particular reception interval of mixed interference and radar ground response. This prediction is then coherently subtracted from the incoming signal.

Abstract translation: 已经显示了在VHF和UHF频带中运行的具有计算效率和数值稳健的机载低频合成孔径雷达（SAR）的广播干扰消除的滤波器方案。 至少使用干扰多普勒滤波或干扰消除。 干扰消除涉及对混合干扰和雷达地面响应的每个特定接收间隔的干扰的预测。 然后从输入信号中相干地减去该预测。

公开(公告)号：US06072420A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-06

申请号：US125828

申请日：1998-09-02

Applicant: Hans Hellsten

Inventor： Hans Hellsten

IPC: G01S13/02 ,  G01S13/22 ,  G01S13/24 ,  G01S13/90

CPC classification number: G01S13/24 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  G01S13/22 ,  G01S13/90

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ultra wide band coherent radar system assessing the Doppler shift of the returned radar echoes, which radar system optimises the radio interference discrimination capability. The radar system comprises a control unit by which the transmit-receive process is partitioned into a number of consecutive sub-processes each of which consists of transmission followed by reception of a signal having a relative bandwidth of a fraction of an octave and where the received signals from the different narrow band transmissions are used to reconstruct broad band radar data by pulse compression techniques. Further, the control unit is arranged to determine the recurrence time, i.e. the time lapse between two consecutive transmissions, of a narrow band signal for a certain frequency step to be approximately inversely proportional to the frequency of this step and higher or equal to the Nyquist rate with respect to the Doppler bandwidth at this frequency.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / SE97 / 00543 Sec。 371日期：1998年9月2日 102（e）1998年9月2日PCT 1997年3月26日PCT公布。 WO97 / 36188 PCT公开 日期1997年10月2日本发明涉及一种评估雷达回波多普勒频移的超宽带相干雷达系统，雷达系统优化了无线电干扰辨识能力。 雷达系统包括一个控制单元，通过该控制单元将发射 - 接收过程划分成多个连续的子过程，每个子过程包括传输，接着是接收具有一个八度音程的一部分的相对带宽的信号， 来自不同窄带传输的信号用于通过脉冲压缩技术重建宽带雷达数据。 此外，控制单元被布置为确定用于某个频率步长的窄带信号的两次连续传输之间的时间间隔与该步骤的频率大致成反比并且高于或等于奈奎斯特 在该频率下相对于多普勒频带的速率。