Channel reactors
    1.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US10544371B2

    公开(公告)日:2020-01-28

    申请号:US15977642

    申请日:2018-05-11

    Abstract: Described is an industrial scale chemical reactor or reactor containing a shell having an inner wall, and at least one channel inside the shell. The shell has a circular, square, or rectangular cross-sectional area. All of the internal dimensions of the channel are greater than 10 mm, and optionally less than 50 mm. The channel has a rectangular cross-sectional area, and contains a catalyst bed containing catalyst particles and/or pieces containing catalyst particles packed inside the channel. The reactor has improved shell volume utilization, catalyst loading capacities, heat exchange efficiency, process intensification, or combinations thereof, compared to currently existing reactors. Exothermic reactions, such as the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can be performed inside the channels of the reactor. Also described are methods of making the reactor.

    DIRECT IN SITU MONITORING OF ADSORBENT AND CATALYST BEDS
    3.
    发明申请
    DIRECT IN SITU MONITORING OF ADSORBENT AND CATALYST BEDS 审中-公开
    直接在吸附和催化床的监测

    公开(公告)号:US20140370607A1

    公开(公告)日:2014-12-18

    申请号:US14374606

    申请日:2013-01-31

    Abstract: Methods and devices for directly measuring the degree of saturation or degree of deactivation of an adsorbent and/or catalytic bed are described herein. The devices contain an inlet, an outlet, a catalytic and/or adsorbent bed, and optionally a support bed for supporting the catalytic and/or adsorbent bed. The devices further contain one or more structures attached to the reactor that allow for insertion of one or more sensors into the reactor. The sensor is used to spectroscopically interrogate the adsorbent and/or catalyst in situ, providing real-time information regarding adsorbant saturation and/or catalyst deactivation. The devices and methods described herein can be used to determine the saturation degree of adsorbent materials or catalyst beds that are involved in gas-liquid and liquid-liquid heterogeneous systems, such as those used in scrubbing and extraction.

    Abstract translation: 本文描述了用于直接测量吸附剂和/或催化床的饱和度或失活度的方法和装置。 装置包含入口,出口,催化剂和/或吸附剂床,以及任选的用于支撑催化剂和/或吸附剂床的支撑床。 装置还包含连接到反应器的一个或多个结构,其允许将一个或多个传感器插入反应器。 传感器用于原位光谱询问吸附剂和/或催化剂,提供有关吸附剂饱和和/或催化剂失活的实时信息。 本文描述的装置和方法可用于确定参与气液和液 - 液异质系统(例如用于洗涤和提取的系统)中的吸附材料或催化剂床的饱和度。

    Battery pack for energy storage devices

    公开(公告)号:US10454147B2

    公开(公告)日:2019-10-22

    申请号:US15357874

    申请日:2016-11-21

    Abstract: Battery packs for high energy density batteries (cells), particularly arrays of such batteries are described herein. The battery packs include a microfibrous media (MFM)-phase change materials (PCM) composite block and one or more active cooling structures. The MFM is typically sintered to the active cooling structures. The battery packs may contain more than one MFM-PCM composite block. Additionally or alternatively, the MFM-PCM composite block may contain different layers containing different MFM-PCM composites, which have different functionalities. In a preferred embodiment, at least one layer contains a flame retardant PCM, while at least one other layer contains a PCM with a lower melting temperature. The cells may be arranged in a repeating square or equilateral triangle pattern, with one or more active cooling structures in the geometric center of the square or triangle.

    Thermal Management Systems for Energy Storage Cells Having High Charge/Discharge Currents and Methods of Making and Using Thereof
    7.
    发明申请
    Thermal Management Systems for Energy Storage Cells Having High Charge/Discharge Currents and Methods of Making and Using Thereof 有权
    具有高充电/放电电流的储能电池的热管理系统及其制造和使用方法

    公开(公告)号:US20150236386A1

    公开(公告)日:2015-08-20

    申请号:US14624349

    申请日:2015-02-17

    Abstract: Thermal management systems for high energy density batteries, particularly arrays of such batteries, and methods of making and using thereof are described herein. The system includes one or more thermal conductive microfibrous media with one or more phase change materials dispersed within the microfibrous media and one or more active cooling structures. Energy storage packs or arrays which contain a plurality of energy storage cells and the thermal management system are also described. Further described are thermal or infrared shielding blankets or barriers comprising one or more thermal conductive microfibrous media comprising one or more phase change materials dispersed within the microfibrous media.

    Abstract translation: 本文描述了用于高能量密度电池,特别是这种电池阵列的热管理系统及其制造和使用方法。 该系统包括一种或多种具有分散在微纤维介质内的一种或多种相变材料的导热微纤维介质和一种或多种活性冷却结构。 还描述了包含多个能量存储单元和热管理系统的储能包或阵列。 还描述了包含一种或多种包含分散在微纤维介质内的一种或多种相变材料的导热微纤维介质的热或红外屏蔽毯或屏障。

    CATALYSTS FOR OXIDATIVE SULFUR REMOVAL AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THEREOF
    8.
    发明申请
    CATALYSTS FOR OXIDATIVE SULFUR REMOVAL AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THEREOF 审中-公开
    用于除氧的催化剂及其制备和使用方法

    公开(公告)号:US20150027927A1

    公开(公告)日:2015-01-29

    申请号:US14373198

    申请日:2013-01-17

    Abstract: Catalysts for oxidative sulfur removal and methods of making and using thereof are described herein. The catalysts contain one or more reactive metal salts dispersed on one or more substrates. Suitable reactive metal salts include those salts containing multivariable metals having variable valence or oxidation states and having catalytic activity with sulfur compounds present in gaseous fuel streams. In some embodiments, the catalyst contains one or more compounds that function as an oxygen sponge under the reaction conditions for oxidative sulfur removal. The catalysts can be used to oxidatively remove sulfur-containing compounds from fuel streams, particularly gaseous fuel streams having high sulfur content. Due to the reduced catalyst cost, anticipated long catalyst life and reduced adsorbent consumption, the catalysts described herein are expected to provide a 20-60% reduction in annual desulfurization cost for biogas with sulfur contents ranges from 1000-5000 ppmv compared with the best adsorbent approach.

    Abstract translation: 用于氧化硫去除的催化剂及其制备和使用方法在本文中描述。 催化剂含有分散在一个或多个底物上的一种或多种活性金属盐。 合适的反应性金属盐包括含有具有可变价态或氧化态的多变量金属并且具有与存在于气体燃料流中的硫化合物具有催化活性的那些盐。 在一些实施方案中,催化剂含有一种或多种在除去氧化硫的反应条件下用作氧海绵的化合物。 催化剂可用于从燃料流,特别是具有高硫含量的气态燃料流中氧化除去含硫化合物。 由于催化剂成本降低,预期的催化剂寿命长和吸附剂消耗减少,预期本文所述的催化剂可提供比最佳吸附剂更高硫含量范围为1000-5000ppmv的沼气的年脱硫成本降低20-60% 方法

    Direct in situ monitoring of adsorbent and catalyst beds

    公开(公告)号:US10175213B2

    公开(公告)日:2019-01-08

    申请号:US14374606

    申请日:2013-01-31

    Abstract: Methods and devices for directly measuring the degree of saturation or degree of deactivation of an adsorbent and/or catalytic bed are described herein. The devices contain an inlet, an outlet, a catalytic and/or adsorbent bed, and optionally a support bed for supporting the catalytic and/or adsorbent bed. The devices further contain one or more structures attached to the reactor that allow for insertion of one or more sensors into the reactor. The sensor is used to spectroscopically interrogate the adsorbent and/or catalyst in situ, providing real-time information regarding adsorbant saturation and/or catalyst deactivation. The devices and methods described herein can be used to determine the saturation degree of adsorbent materials or catalyst beds that are involved in gas-liquid and liquid-liquid heterogeneous systems, such as those used in scrubbing and extraction.

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