Abstract:
A system and method for selecting a patient-specific frequency for ultrasound therapy of a target within the patient are provided. The method includes: (a) for at least one segment of an ultrasound transducer and for each of a plurality of ultrasound frequencies within a test range, sonicating the target and measuring a parameter correlated with an amount of ultrasound energy absorbed in the target; and (b) for each said at least one segment, selecting for subsequent ultrasound therapy, among the frequencies within the test range, a frequency corresponding to a value of the measured parameter that itself corresponds to a maximum amount of ultrasound energy absorbed in the target.
Abstract:
A method for transcostal ultrasound treatment of tissues includes determining rib locations, e.g., based on ultrasound reflections off the ribs or acoustic radiation force signals, and transcostally focusing ultrasound into the tissue while minimizing damage to the ribs.
Abstract:
In ultrasound therapy, the frequency of sonications can be optimized, within a certain frequency range, to maximize the absorption or the acoustic intensity at the target in a manner specific to the patient.
Abstract:
A method for transcostal ultrasound treatment of tissues includes determining rib locations, e.g., based on ultrasound reflections off the ribs or acoustic radiation force signals, and transcostally focusing ultrasound into the tissue while minimizing damage to the ribs.
Abstract:
A method for spatially localizing a rib cage prior to transcostal ultrasound treatment of visceral tissue includes computationally refining a three-dimensional model of the rib cage based on image slices taken at multiple locations along the ribs with orientations dependent on local rib orientations.
Abstract:
A method for treating body tissue using acoustic energy includes identifying a target focal zone of tissue to be treated, delivering a first pulse of acoustic energy from a transducer to generate bubbles in a tissue region located distally, relative to the transducer, of a focal center of the target focal zone, and delivering a second pulse of acoustic energy from the transducer in the presence of the bubbles generated by the first pulse, the second pulse focused at the focal center to generate thermal ablation energy. In a further embodiment, a method of treating body tissue using ultrasound energy includes identifying a target focal zone to be treated and delivering a plurality of pulses of acoustic ablation energy to locations distributed symmetrically in or proximate a focal plane about the focal center of the target focal zone.
Abstract:
During the thermal treatment of an anatomical zone of interest, tissue temperature within the zone may be determined with a computational model whose parameters are adjusted using spectroscopy-based temperature measurements at interfaces of fat and non-fat tissues.
Abstract:
Techniques for temperature measurement and correction in long-term MR thermometry utilize a known temperature distribution in an MR imaging area as a baseline for absolute temperature measurement. Phase shifts that arise from magnetic field drifts are detected in one or more portions of the MR imaging area, facilitating correction of temperature measurements in an area of interest.
Abstract:
A focused ultrasound system includes a plurality of transducer elements disposed about and having an angular position with a central axis. Drive signals drive respective transducer elements that include phase shift values based upon the angular position of each respective transducer element. The phase shift values are based upon an oscillation function that oscillates about the central axis between minimal and maximal phase shift values such that a first on-axis focal zone and a second off-axis focal zone are created. An amplitude and frequency of the oscillation function are controlled to adjust relative acoustic energy levels of the first and second focal zones, and to adjust a radius of the second focal zone, respectively. In addition, the drive signals include an additional predetermined phase shift based upon a radial position of each respective transducer element to adjust a focal distance of the focal zones.
Abstract:
Various approaches for heating a target region substantially uniformly include identifying one or more locations of one or more hot spots in the target region and/or surrounding regions of the target region during an ultrasound sonication process; computing a temporal variation to an output parameter of at least one of the transducer elements based at least in part on the identified location(s) of the hot spot(s); and operating the at least one transducer element to achieve the temporal variation of the output parameter so as to minimize the hot spot(s).