Abstract:
Disclosed is an apparatus and a method of calculating the square root of an element a, which is not zero, belonging to a finite extension field Fp?k (where p is a prime number satisfying p=3(mod 4) and k is an odd number). The method includes: calculating a common exponentiation formula that is common to an exponentiation formula for calculating a quadratic residue, which is used to determine whether the square root of the element a is present, and an exponentiation formula for calculating the square root of the element a when it is determined that the square root of the element a is present; determining the result obtained by multiplying the square of the common exponentiation formula by the element a as the quadratic residue; and determining the result obtained by multiplying the common exponentiation formula by the element a as the square root of the element a.
Abstract:
A photo-gating switch system comprising a photosensitive device formed on a substrate is provided. The photosensitive device may comprise a photosensitive layer and electrodes formed at both ends of the photosensitive layer. A light source irradiating light to the photosensitive device is integrated beneath the surface of the substrate.
Abstract:
Disclosed relates to an apparatus and method for storing content in a DMB system. The apparatus for storing content in DMB system includes an RF receiver to receive and demodulate broadcasting signals, an ensemble demultiplexer to extract Transport Streams (TSs) from the demodulated broadcasting signals, a TS demultiplexer to separately extract TSs including content and TSs including recording status information from the TSs extracted by the ensemble demultiplexer, a section processing unit to analyze the recording status information, a content storing unit to store the content, and a controlling unit to control storing of content for which recording is requested in the content storing unit through checking a start and an end of the recording-requested content in real time using the analyzed recording status information.
Abstract:
A method of configuring a frame for fast wireless communication and an apparatus for fast wireless communication are provided. The apparatus for fast wireless communication includes: a frame configuration unit configuring a frame including transmission data; a demultiplexing unit demultiplexing the transmission data included in the frame into N number of parallel streams (N: positive number greater than 2); N number of coding and modulation units connected in parallel to perform error correction coding and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with respect to each of the N number of parallel streams; and a multiplexing unit multiplexing outputs of the N number of coding and modulation units into serial streams.
Abstract:
Provided is a method and apparatus for generating and consuming sensory effect media. The method for generating sensory effect media includes receiving sensory effect information about sensory effects that are applied to media, and generating sensory effect metadata including the received sensory effect information.
Abstract:
In order to achieve synchronization of ensemble transport interface (ETI) signals of a first network and a second network, a synchronization device receives a first ETI signal from the first network and a second ETI signal from the second network, generates delay times between the same frames, compares frames of the first ETI signal and frames of the second ETI signal, and then synchronizes the first ETI signal and the second ETI signal according to the delay time.
Abstract:
Provided are a system renewability message providing method, a system renewability message using method and an apparatus thereof. The system renewability message providing method, includes: creating system renewability message container information including revocation list information for contents protection; and defining the system renewability message container information as an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) base media file format and distributing the system renewability message container information to a terminal.
Abstract:
A method of performing a handover is provided. The method of performing the handover includes: a mobile terminal transmitting an access stop message to a first Access Point (AP) when the mobile terminal moves from a first AP area to a second AP area; the first AP transmitting a handover start message to a first Mobility Access Gateway (MAG) corresponding to the first AP in response to the access stop message; the first MAG transmitting the handover start message to a Local Mobile Anchor (LMA); and the LMA performing a buffering of a data packet to be transmitted to the mobile terminal.
Abstract:
Feasibility of utilizing observable variables in channel state inference and channel state prediction was investigated. For example, measurements of signal to noise ratio and background traffic can be used to improve the accuracy of channel state inference. A link-invariant model for estimating bit error rate of a data packet was derived using freely observable parameters, such as signal to noise ratio and/or background noise. Prediction can also be achieved by considering the estimate for a current data packet as a prediction for a future data packet or by utilizing a link-specific model that captures the correlation in bit error rate of temporally adjacent packets.
Abstract:
Provided is a method for indicating a mobile station maintaining radio resource control (RRC) connection but not maintaining uplink physical layer synchronization to receive downlink signals when packet data to be transmitted to the mobile station are generated to thereby make the mobile station start uplink signal transmission. The method includes: (a) allocating a random access preamble index and generating a downlink signal reception indication message including the allocated random access preamble index in a base station; (b) transmitting the generated downlink signal reception indication message to the mobile station; (c) forming a response message to random access, when a preamble signal designated by the random access preamble index is transmitted from the mobile station in response to the downlink signal reception indication message; and (d) transmitting the response message to random access to the mobile station to thereby control uplink physical layer synchronization.