The invention relates to an axial air-entraining hole casing treatment structure applied to a turbocharger gas compressor. The structure comprises a machine shell, a plurality of round-hole-shaped casing cavities are evenly distributed in the circumferential side wall of a main air inlet channel of the machine shell, axial air-entraining holes are formed above the casing cavities and are communicated with the main air inlet channel, radial baffles are arranged between the casing cavities and the inner side wall of the main air inlet channel, an air inlet end wall face is arranged at the outer end of the main air inlet channel, and a casing backflow groove channel is formed between the end, close to an impeller, of each radial baffle and the side wall of the main air inlet channel and is communicated with the corresponding casing cavity. By means of the axial air-entraining hole casing treatment structure, the stable work flow range of the turbocharger gas compressor is effectively widened, surge limit of the turbocharger gas compressor is delayed, it is guaranteed that an engine has better performance, and work stability of a press machine is effectively improved.