The invention discloses an intelligent pneumatic solid rim lubricating system and a lubricating method using the lubricating system. The lubricating system comprises a control system and a plurality of lubricating mechanisms connected with the control system, wherein the control system comprises a power module, an electric controller and a pneumatic actuator; the electric controller is connected with the power module; the pneumatic actuator is connected with the power module; the pneumatic actuator is respectively connected with the electric controller, an external compressed air source and the lubricating mechanisms; the lubricating mechanisms are respectively close to the rim of a railway vehicle; and a lubricating block is contained in each of the lubricating mechanisms. According to the intelligent pneumatic solid rim lubricating system and the lubricating method, the running condition of the railway vehicle can be detected in real time, and a corresponding lubricating strategy can be output, so that the lubricating system has economical efficiency and instantaneity; and the lubricating mechanisms are driven in a pneumatic mode to lubricate the rim, so that the stability is higher.