The invention discloses a method and a system for locating a moving target in a mine based on binocular CCD vision. The system for implementing the method comprises surface equipment and an underground device. The surface equipment comprises a base station controller, a location server, an Ethernet switch and a monitoring terminal. The underground device comprises a mine intrinsically safe base station and a wireless radio frequency identification tag. The method for implementing the system comprises the following steps: (1) using an RSSI algorithm to estimate the location of a moving target; (2) carrying out matching feature extracting and training on the wireless radio frequency identification tag of the moving target; (3) carrying out feature matching on images after sampling through an ORB algorithm; (4) using a binocular CCD vision sensor to stereoscopically calibrate the left and right images of the moving target; (5) getting an internal and external parameter matrix of the binocular CCD vision sensor, and calibrating the world coordinates of the moving target; and (6) carrying out location correction on the world coordinate information of the moving target, and getting the accurate location information of the moving target in a mine. The problem on how to accurately locate a moving target in a mine NLOS environment is solved. The reliability and robustness of the system are improved.