The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a preparation method of composite materials. The preparation method of the composite materials with function articles arranged in an oriented mode comprises the steps that (1) composite material slurry with the function articles is prepared; (2) the composite material slurry with the function articles is poured into an insulation material groove; (3) the composite material slurry is subjected to solidification treatment, and meanwhile an electric field is applied to the composite material slurry to enable the function articles in the composite material slurry to drift under the dielectric force effect of the electric field till solidification is completed; and (4) the solidified composite material slurry is taken out from the insulation material groove, and the composite materials with the function articles arranged in the oriented mode are obtained. Under the effect of the electric field, the function articles drift under the dielectric force effect so that orientation distribution of the function articles in the composite material slurry can be changed, and the functional composite materials of different structures and different performance are prepared.