The invention discloses a flat coiling type wire winding method of carbon fibers and a carbon fiber rod machining process based on the method. The flat coiling type wire winding method comprises the following steps of raw material wire standby application, unit winding, knot solidification and the like. The carbon fiber rod machining process comprises the following steps of raw material wire layer preparing, polyacrylamide coating, film coating vacuum treatment, high-pressure rolling fusion treatment and high-temperature solidification treatment. According to the flat coiling type wire winding method of the carbon fibers and the carbon fiber rod machining process based on the method, wires are used for replacing cloth, and the strength and hardness of the carbon fibers can be achieved fully; through the arrangement tightness degree in the winding process, the degree of tightness of the carbon fibers can be adjusted at any time according to outer stress; meanwhile, the automatic stress adjusting function of a fishing pole is achieved, elasticity is improved, but the strength and hardness are not influenced; and the flat coiling type method is used for first knots and second knots high in stress.