The invention discloses an installation method for rolling installation of a movable deck guide rail structure. The method specifically includes the following steps that linear measurement of a deck installation base plane is conducted; according to a linear measurement result of the deck installation base plane, the margin of a lower opening of the guide rail structure is trimmed; the guide railstructure is located to a set position of a hull; and welding and locating of the guide rail structure are controlled and monitored. The method is simple in construction and convenient to operate, multiple linear measurement points are selected from a deck installation base, three-dimensional coordinates of each point are measured, the line type of the lower opening of the guide rail structure isadjusted according to a measurement structure, so that the line type of the lower opening of the guide rail structure is matched with the line type of the deck installation base plane, and it is guaranteed that assembly grooves and gaps are even; and meanwhile, a target patch is fixed to an upper opening of a guide rail, the locating and welding accuracy of the guide rail structure can be conveniently monitored, and the installation quality of the guide rail structure is improved.