The invention relates to a circumferential large-interval small-pore blowing and sucking combined pulsed excitation casing of a centrifugal compressor. The circumferential large-interval small-pore blowing and sucking combined pulsed excitation casing comprises a centrifugal compressor casing, a sucking hole structure, a blowing hole structure and an annular cavity, wherein the sucking hole structure is arranged in the position, close to the front edge of an operating impeller, of the inner wall surface of the centrifugal compressor casing; the blowing hole structure is arranged in the position, close to the front edge of an air guide wheel, of the inner wall surface of the centrifugal compressor casing; the sucking hole structure and the blowing hole structure are connected through the annular cavity with the invariant or tapered cross sectional area in the casing in the airflow direction. Through relative motion of the casing and a rotor and the pressure difference between blowing holes and sucking holes, airflow between the sucking hole structure and the blowing hole structure is driven to flow. The circumferential large-interval small-pore blowing and sucking combined pulsed excitation casing has the advantages that the adverse effect on low-energy flow nearby blade tips of the operating impeller and the air guide wheel of the centrifugal compressor is restrained, and the stable operating margin of the centrifugal compressor is enlarged; the total hole area is one or more orders of magnitude less than a general casing and has little influence on the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor; the structure is simple, and implementation is convenient.