The invention discloses an airdrop type underwater glider based on water erosion separation extension wings. The airdrop type underwater glider based on the water erosion separation extension wings comprises a shell, a signal device, a buoyancy regulating device, a roll attitude regulating device, a pitch attitude regulating device, a control device and a hang glider extension device, wherein thebuoyancy regulating device, the roll attitude regulating device, the pitch attitude regulating device and the control device are arranged in the shell. The hang glider extension device comprises hanggliders, a first elastic member, water-soluble fiber members and a locking mechanism for locking the hang gliders in the unfolding state. One ends of the hang gliders are fixed in the shell through rotating shafts, the other ends of the hang gliders are fixed outside the shell through the water-soluble fiber members, and the first elastic member is arranged between the hang gliders and the shell and can unfold the hang gliders through elastic force. According to the airdrop type underwater glider based on the water erosion separation extension wings, the entry impact force of wings is reduced,and the airdrop type underwater glider based on the water erosion separation extension wings is more suitable for the application of air-drop. Before air-drop, the wings are in the retracted state, less space is occupied, the airdrop type underwater glider can be conveniently carried on an airplane, and the timeliness is high; and at the same time, a wing extension mechanism does not need to provide additional power devices, the mechanism is simple, and the feasibility is high.