The invention relates to the field of uranium leaching technology, and specifically discloses a drilling structure construction method capable of increasing the amount of in-situ uranium leaching extraction and injection fluid. The steps comprises the steps that (a) open-hole drilling, sleeve installation and grouting and well cementing are carried out; (b) a sleeve protection device is installedon a drill pipe; (c) a secondary in-pipe drilling drill bit is lowered after fresh drilling fluid is prepared; (d) an ore-containing section is subjected to secondary in-pipe drilling; (e) punching bywater is carried out; and (f) a filtering device is lowered. The method has short construction period, good sediment prevention, high drilling well-completion rate, low well-washing labor intensity,low cost and high construction quality, and the quality improvement, efficiency enhancement and consumption reduction of drilling construction are achieved.