The invention relates to a dual anti-counterfeit material, an anti-counterfeit label and a preparation method and an anti-counterfeit detection method. The material has a fluorescence effect under ultraviolet irradiation, and also has a shape memory effect under the condition of 50-120 DEG C. The structural formula is as shown in the description. In the formula, R is any one or a combination of several of hydrocarbyl, alkyl, naphthenic base and aryl; R1 is any one or a combination of several of alkyl, alkenyl and aryl; n is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 1000; n is an integer. The anti-counterfeit label is prepared by the following steps: pressing the material into a plate of which the surface is provided with patterns or characters of set bulges by a tablet press underthe conditions of vacuum supply and 180-240 DEG C, rolling the plate in an environment of which the temperature is slightly higher than a glass-transition temperature of the material, and forming theanti-counterfeit label which has flat surface and has the thickness of 0.1-1.5mm after rolling. The dual anti-counterfeit material and the anti-counterfeit label disclosed by the invention have dual anti-counterfeit effects of fluorescence anti-counterfeit and shape memory anti-counterfeit, and the anti-counterfeit effect is excellent. In addition, the preparation method and detection method are simple.