The invention relates to the field of traction machines, and particularly discloses a winch and a method for adjusting the traction angle of the winch. The winch comprises a winch box, a first limiting wheel, a second limiting wheel and a central guiding wheel, wherein the central guiding wheel can rotate relative to the winch box, and one end of a traction rope is guided by the central guiding wheel and then used for connecting a traction and/or lifting object; and the winch further comprises an angle sensor and a driving unit, wherein the angle sensor is used for measuring the traction angleformed by the traction rope guided by the central guiding wheel and the datum plane, the central guiding wheel is located between the first limiting wheel and the second limiting wheel so as to limitthe allowable adjustment range of the traction angle, and the driving unit can drive the central guiding wheel to move towards the first limiting wheel or the second limiting wheel so as to enable the current traction angle or a preset traction angle to be within the allowable adjustment range of the traction angle corresponding to the current position of the central guiding wheel. The problem that the touch rope touches the first limiting wheel or the second limiting wheel and consequently affects traction force or lifting force is solved through the winch.