The invention provides a graphene metasurface based on all-phase range adjustment. The graphene metasurface comprises a plurality of graphene stickers, a dielectric plate and a metal floor, the graphene stickers are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, the lower surface of the dielectric plate is attached to the upper surface of the metal floor, the graphene metasurface based onall-phase range adjustment is divided into N * N graphene reflection units, the dielectric plate is divided into N * N dielectric plate blocks, and the metal floor is divided into N * N metal floor blocks. Each graphene reflection unit comprises a graphene sticker on the uppermost layer, a dielectric plate block on the middle layer and a metal floor block on the bottom layer. According to the invention, by use of the graphene reflection unit, the graphene metasurface in a 1-topological mode is generated, and vortex waves of orbital angular momentum (OAM) in a topological mode can be preciselygenerated, the performance and control precision of the vortex waves are improved, and all-phase modulation can be also realized.