The invention discloses an ECG signal quantitative analysis method based on an extreme value energy decomposition method. The ECG signal quantitative analysis method comprises the steps: an ECG signalx(t) in an unknown state at given time and given sampling frequency are acquired; denoising preprocessing on the ECG signal x(t) is carried out; the denoised ECG signal x(t) is used as an original signal, the original signal x(t) is decomposed into n extreme value modal function components and a margin, the n extreme value modal function components obtained by decomposing the original signal x(t)represent components of the original signal in different frequency bands, and whether the ECG signal is an abnormal ECG signal or not and the degree of anomaly are judged according to the n extreme value modal function components. The ECG signal is analyzed by adopting the extreme value energy decomposition method, the original signal is decomposed into a plurality of components, namely extreme value component functions, the energy of each component is calculated, and the energy distribution of each component is obtained.