A speech/audio encoding device for selectively allocating bits for higher precision encoding. The speech/audio encoding device receives a time-domain speech/audio input signal, transforms the speech/audio input signal into a frequency domain, and quantizes an energy envelope corresponding to an energy level for a frequency spectrum of the speech/audio input signal. The speech/audio encoding device further groups quantized energy envelopes into a plurality of groups, determines a perceptual significant group including one or more significant bands and a local-peak frequency, and allocates bits to a plurality of subbands corresponding to the grouped quantized energy envelopes, in which each of the subbands is obtained by splitting the frequency spectrum of the speech/audio input signal. The speech/audio encoding device encodes the frequency spectrum using the bits allocated to the subbands.