The present application provides a spatial layered transmission method and a spatial layered transmission device. The spatial layered transmission method includes steps of: dividing to-be-transmitted data into at least two layers of spatial data; determining a symbol rate for each layer of spatial data, to enable an error between SERs for the layers of spatial data to be smaller than a predetermined error threshold; and encoding each layer of spatial data in accordance with the determined symbol rate, and transmitting the encoded layer of spatial data.